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Cuniculus

Cuniculus is a genus of rabbits that includes the European rabbit and the cottontail rabbit.
These small mammals are native to Europe, North Africa, and parts of Asia.
Cuniculus species are characterized by their long ears, short fluffy tails, and distinctive hopping gait.
They are herbivores, feeding on a variety of grasses, leaves, and other vegetation.
Cuniculus rabbits are an important part of many ecosystems and are a popular subject for research in fields such as biology, ecology, and veterinary medicine.
Researchers can utilize the PubCompare.ai platform to easily locate and compare protocols from published literature, preprints, and patents related to Cuniculus, enhancing the reproducibility and accuracy of their studies and leading to better research outcomes.

Most cited protocols related to «Cuniculus»

The protein sets for all newly included bacterial and archaeal genomes, the yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe, the microsporidian Encaephalitozoon cuniculi, the thale cress Arabidopsis thaliana, and the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster were extracted from the Genome division of the (NCBI, NIH, Bethesda). The protein sequences for the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans were from the WormPep67 database, the sequences for Homo sapiens were from the NCBI build 30.
Publication 2003
Amino Acid Sequence Arabidopsis thalianas Bacteria Caenorhabditis elegans Cuniculus Drosophila Drosophila melanogaster Genome Genome, Archaeal Homo sapiens Microspora Nematoda Proteins Saccharomyces cerevisiae Schizosaccharomyces pombe Yeasts
Plasmodium falciparum proteins were searched against a database of proteins from all complete genomes as well as from a set of organelle, plasmid and viral genomes. Putative recently duplicated genes were identified as those encoding proteins with better BLASTP matches (based on E value with a 10−15 cutoff) to other proteins in P. falciparum than to proteins in any other species. Proteins of possible organellar descent were identified as those for which one of the top six prokaryotic matches (based on E value) was to either a protein encoded by an organelle genome or by a species related to the organelle ancestors (members of the Rickettsia subgroup of the α-Proteobacteria or cyanobacteria). Because BLAST matches are not an ideal method of inferring evolutionary history, phylogenetic analysis was conducted for all these proteins. For phylogenetic analysis, all homologues of each protein were identified by BLASTP searches of complete genomes and of a nonredundant protein database. Sequences were aligned using CLUSTALW, and phylogenetic trees were inferred using the neighbour-joining algorithms of CLUSTALW and PHYLIP. For comparative analysis of eukaryotes, the proteomes of all eukaryotes for which complete genomes are available (except the highly reduced E. cuniculi) were searched against each other. The proportion of proteins in each eukaryotic species that had a BLASTP match in each of the other eukaryotic species was determined, and used to infer a ‘whole-genome tree’ using the neighbour-joining algorithm. Possible eukaryotic conserved and specific proteins were identified as those with matches to all the complete eukaryotic genomes (10−30 E-value cutoff) but without matches to any complete prokaryotic genome (10−15 cutoff).
Publication 2002
Biological Evolution Cuniculus Cyanobacteria Eukaryota Genes, Duplicate Genome Organelles Plasmids Plasmodium falciparum Prokaryotic Cells Proteins Proteobacteria Proteome Rickettsia Staphylococcal Protein A Trees Viral Genome
Representative photographs and micrographs for each stage of the estrous cycle were obtained following these steps: 1. a preliminary observation was made about the stage of the estrous cycle by assessing the vaginal opening of each mouse, 2. the stage of the estrous cycle was verified by vaginal cytology, 3. stage of estrous cycle was confirmed by mating mice overnight and checking for ovulation the following morning as described later.
These steps can also be used to learn the visual method and train the eye to identify each stage. Proestrus and estrus are easier to identify by visual observation than metestrus and diestrus. Coat color and skin pigmentation can make it more challenging to evaluate some strains. It is easier to observe changes in agouti and albino strains than in black strains where changes to the vaginal opening are more subtle.
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Publication 2012
Albinism Cuniculus Cytological Techniques Diestrus Estrous Cycle Estrus Metestrus Mice, House Ovulation Proestrus Skin Pigmentation Strains Vagina
The β1 integrin gene was isolated from mouse RW4 genomic DNA, and a 5-kb BamHI restriction endonuclease fragment was subcloned and used for preparation of the targeting vector. Electroporations of DNAs into RW4 Agouti ES cells were carried out at 270 V, 500 mF in a GenePulser (Bio-Rad Laboratories). ES cells harboring the desired recombinations were injected into mouse C57BL blastocysts, which were then transferred to CD1 mothers. After breeding, heterozygous and homozygous mice were identified by PCR analysis of toe skin DNAs.
Publication 2000
Blastocyst CD29 Antigen Cloning Vectors Cuniculus Deoxyribonuclease BamHI DNA Electroporation Embryonic Stem Cells Genes Genome Heterozygote Homozygote Mice, Inbred C57BL Mothers Mus Recombination, Genetic Skin
A 129/Sv mouse genomic library (Stratagene, La Jolla, California, United States) was screened with a mouse Pten probe containing exons 4–6. To generate the targeting construct, a 4.1 Kb KpnI–BamHI fragment containing 5′ Pten genomic DNA and a 2.0 Kb XbaI fragment containing 3′ genomic DNA were cloned into pPNT. The targeting construct was linearized with NotI and electroporated into CJ7 ES cells. Transfectants were selected in G418 (350 μg/ml) and gancyclovir (2 μM) and expanded for Southern blot analysis using a 3′ probe. Chimeric mice were produced by microinjection of two independently generated targeted ES cell clones with normal karyotypes into E3.5 C57BL6/J blastocysts, then transferred to pseudopregnant foster mothers. Chimeric males were mated with C57BL6/J females (Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, United States), and germline transmission of the mutant allele was verified by Southern blot analysis of tail DNA from agouti coat-colored F1 offspring. Next, PtenloxP-neo/+ mice were mated with EIIA-Cre transgenic mice (Lakso et al. 1996 (link)), and tail DNA from offspring was subjected to Southern blot analysis using probe 6.1. Through these crosses, mosaic mice harboring a Pten wild-type allele, a Pten targeted allele (PtenloxP-neo), and a floxed allele (Ptenloxp) in their germline were generated. These mosaic mutants were mated with wild-type mice and tail DNA from offspring subjected to Southern blot analysis using probe 6.1 and to PCR analysis using primer 1 (5′-AAAAGTTCCCCTGCTGATGATTTGT-3′) and primer 2 (5′-TGTTTTTGACCAATTAAAGTAGGCTGTG-3′). PCR conditions were 35 cycles (30 sec at 95°C, 1 min at 55°C, and 1 min at 72°C) using HotStarTaq Master Mix (Qiagen, Valencia, California, United States), primer (0.25 μM), and DNA (50 ng). To detect the deleted allele, primer 3 (5′-CCCCCAAGTCAATTGTTAGGTCTGT-3′) was used. PtenloxP/loxP mice were next mated with PB-Cre transgenic mice (Maddison et al. 2000 (link)) or male PB-Cre4 transgenic mice (Wu et al. 2001 (link)) for conditional prostate-specific Pten inactivation.
Publication 2003
Alleles antibiotic G 418 Blastocyst Chimera Clone Cells Cuniculus Embryonic Stem Cells Exons Females Ganciclovir Genome Genomic Library Germ Line Karyotype Males Mice, 129 Strain Mice, Laboratory Mice, Transgenic Microinjections Mothers Oligonucleotide Primers Prostate PTEN protein, human Southern Blotting Tail Transmission, Communicable Disease

Most recents protocols related to «Cuniculus»

Male (Agouti strain) guinea pigs were purchased from the Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science “Scientific Center for Biomedical Technologies of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency”, Russia. To examine the PLVF for eye protection against virulent S. flexneri stains, groups of 10 guinea pigs (aged 3 months at the start of the experiment and weighing 275 ± 3 g) were twice immunized subcutaneously dorsally with a dose of 125 µg of vaccine at an interval of 10 days. Control animals were given saline. Ten days after the last immunization, S. flexneri keratoconjunctivitis was induced in experimental and control groups of animals by inoculation into the mucosal surface of the conjunctiva of both eyes with a suspension of a virulent strain at a dose of 2 × 109 cells in 30 µL of sterile saline. Each group was inoculated with one of S. flexneri 1b, 2a, 3a, 6, and Y serotypes. Keratoconjunctivitis was assessed 7 days after challenge by visual inspection. The efficacy of PLVF was calculated by the formula: PLVF Efficacy = 100 × (Control attack rate – PLVF attack rate)/Control attack rate, where attack rate = number of infected eyes/total eyes [4 (link)].
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Publication 2023
Animals Biomedical Technology Biopharmaceuticals Cavia Cells Conjunctiva, Bulbar Cuniculus Eye Keratoconjunctivitis Males Mucous Membrane Saline Solution Staining Sterility, Reproductive Strains Vaccination Vaccines
HR, maximal life expectancy, body size and the resulting number of heartbeats per lifetime were obtained from data available in the literature for different mammals including 10 species of primates, 12 species of rodents and 9 species of domestic mammals from different orders. In particular we took in consideration the species GML, common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus)80 (link),81 (link), squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus)82 (link),83 , capuchin Monkeys (Cebus apella)66 (link), rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta)84 (link),85 (link), chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii)86 (link), Babouin hamadryas (Papio hamadryas)87 (link), orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus pygmaeus)88 (link) and gorilla (Gorilla gorilla gorilla)89 (link), in comparison to humans55 for the primate order; mouse45 (link), hamster64 (link),90 (link), rat47 (link), Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus)91 (link),92 guinea pig93 , red North American red squirrel (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus)2 (link), muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus)94 (link), marmot (Marmota monax)95 (link), capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris)96 (link),97 (link), agouti (Dasyprocta primnolopha)98 , North American Porcupine (Erethizon dorsatum)95 (link), north american beaver (Castor canadensis)94 (link) for rodents and rabbit99 (link), dog99 (link),100 (link), sheep101 (link), cat102 (link), pig103 (link), goat104 (link),105 (link), donkey106 (link), horse107 (link) and camel108 (link) for the domestic mammals. HR were reported from results obtained in unanesthetized and mainly freely moving animals under resting conditions. Significance was evaluated through paired or unpaired Student’s T test, one-way- and two-way ANOVA and comparison between regression law as specified in figure legends. When testing statistical differences, results were considered significant with p < 0.05. Data analysis was performed with GraphPad Prism 9.0 and IBM SPSS Statistics 28.0.0.0.
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Publication 2023
Animal Diseases Beavers Body Size Callithrix Capuchin Monkey Capybaras Castor oil Cebus brunneus Cuniculus Dasyprocta Gerbils Gorilla gorilla Macaca mulatta Mammals Marmota Meriones neuro-oncological ventral antigen 2, human North American People Ondatra zibethicus Pan troglodytes Papio hamadryas Pongo Pongo pygmaeus pygmaeus Porcupines Primates prisma Pulse Rate Rodent Saimiri sciureus Saimirus Squirrels Student Woodchucks
Fasting blood samples (10 ml) were obtained after a 12-hour overnight fasting. Serum and plasma isolations were done using centrifugation at 4500 rpm at 4 °C for 10 min immediately. Then, aliquots were frozen at − 80 °C until use. Total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglyceride (TG), and serum glucose concentrations were measured using a commercial kit (Pars Azmoon, Tehran, Iran). Serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was calculated by Friedewald’s equation using TC, TG, and HDL-C concentrations [35 (link)]. In addition, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits were used to detect insulin levels. Homeostasis Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance Index (HOMA-IR) and Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index (QUICKI) were calculated according to the specified formula [36 (link), 37 (link)]. Moreover, plasma Agouti-Related Peptide (Ag-RP) and α-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone (α-MSH) were assayed using ELISA kits (Bioassay Technology Laboratory, China).
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Publication 2023
alpha Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone Biological Assay BLOOD Centrifugation Cholesterol Cholesterol, beta-Lipoprotein Cuniculus Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Freezing Glucose High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Homeostasis Insulin Insulin Resistance Insulin Sensitivity isolation Peptides Plasma Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases Serum Triglycerides
Dark Agouti rats (originally from Janvier Labs, France123 ) and TPH2 rats54 (link) on Dark Agouti background were bred at the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (Berlin) and transferred to the experimental facility of the Charité between five and nine weeks of age. To generate experimental Tph2+/+ and Tph2−/− animals, 13 Tph2+/+ dams were bred with Tph2+/+ males; and 3 and 12 dams of Tph2−/− and Tph2+/− genotype, respectively, were bred with Tph2−/− males. One to five siblings per litter were taken from each dam. The Tph2−/− pups showed a 10% mortality rate, whereas no preweaning loss was observed for Tph2+/− and Tph2+/+ pups. Monoamine levels were controlled by HPLC: serotonin was undetectable in the brain of Tph2−/− animals (data not shown), confirming previously published data.54 (link),56 (link) Genotyping of animals was performed according to the previously published protocol.74 (link)
In total, 48 Tph2+/+ and 30 Tph2−/− male rats (24 born from Tph2+/− and 6 born from Tph2−/− dams) were used in the study. The Tph2+/+ group consisted of 10 Dark Agouti and 38 Tph2+/+ rats originating from the TPH2-breeding. Animals were housed in pairs of the same genotype in standard rat cages (EurostandardType IV, 38 cm × 59 cm) in two temperature-controlled rooms (22°C-24°C and 45%–55% humidity) with inverted 12-h light-dark cycles. We used 8 Tph2+/+ and 5 Tph2−/− cohorts, 6 animals each. Groups of 12 animals (6 Tph2+/+ and 6 Tph2−/−) were tested either in the morning or in the afternoon (i.e. 24 animals per day) depending on the light cycle of the housing room (lights on at 20:00 in room 1 or 01:00 in room 2) in order to maximize the use of our four operant cages and minimize potential circadian effect (rats were all tested in RGT within 3h and 1h after start of dark phase).
Animals had ad libitum access to water throughout the experiment. They were fed ad libitum with standard maintenance food (V1534-000, Ssniff, Germany) except during the operant training and testing, when they were maintained at 95% of their free-feeding weight. After their daily operant testing rats were fed up to 20 g per animal depending on the amount of reward (sweet pellets) they received in the operant chamber and following an unpredictable schedule (one to several hours after the end of test) to avoid their anticipation of feeding. Rats were weighed every two to three days allowing for adjustment of their portion of standard food. After the VBS and before the DDT rats were given as many days as necessary to be back at 100% +/−2% of their pre-VBS bodyweight.
After staying a week undisturbed in the animal facility, animals were handled daily by the experimenters. SinceTph2−/− animals were very reactive to manual handling all animals were handled using a 6 cm diameter gray polypropylene tube that was added in the cage as enrichment and used by the animals as shelter preventing fights and mounting behavior. Two weeks before the beginning of the training phase, rats were marked individually, subcutaneously in the ventral left lower quadrant with a radio-frequency identification (RFID) chip (glass transponder 3 × 13 mm, Euro I.D.) under short isoflurane anesthesia. Rats were between 8 and 14 weeksold when first trained in the operant procedures.
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Publication 2023
Anesthesia Animals Body Weight Brain Childbirth Cuniculus DNA Chips Food Genotype High-Performance Liquid Chromatographies Humidity Isoflurane Light Males Pellets, Drug Polypropylenes Rattus norvegicus Serotonin Sibling
Throughout this contribution, overall orchid morphological terms follow Dressler [2 ]. Taxonomic delimitation of Brazilian Epidendrum species follows Pessoa [11 ]. Epidendrum densiflorum locally occurs both as an epiphytic or rupicolous species, always near river courses and streams. The cane-like stems may reach up to 1 m high [12 (link)]. The inflorescences are terminal and may reach up to 40 cm in length. The species has a flowering peak in January to April. A plant voucher is deposited at the ICN Herbarium (R. B. Singer s.n. 19/05/2019). Plant and overall flower features were documented through photos. To locate nectar, ten buds were isolated with tulle and checked for nectar 24 h after opening. A microsyringe CG model 701 RN (5 µL volume) was inserted in the floral cuniculus to pump the nectar (if present). Since no free nectar was found (see Results, Section 2), no further analyses (volume, concentration) were possible. Complementary, ten additional fresh, intact flowers were obtained from two specimens and dissected under a stereomicroscope to locate nectar.
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Publication 2023
Canes Cuniculus Epiphyses Flowers Inflorescence Plant Nectar Plants Rivers Singer Stem, Plant

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Dark Agouti rats are a strain of laboratory rats commonly used in biomedical research. They are a well-characterized genetic model that exhibits specific physiological and behavioral characteristics.
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More about "Cuniculus"

Cuniculus, the genus of rabbits, encompasses the European rabbit and the cottontail rabbit.
These small mammals are native to Europe, North Africa, and parts of Asia, and are characterized by their long ears, short fluffy tails, and distinctive hopping gait.
As herbivores, Cuniculus rabbits feed on a variety of grasses, leaves, and other vegetation, and are an important part of many ecosystems.
Researchers in fields such as biology, ecology, and veterinary medicine often utilize Cuniculus rabbits for their studies.
To enhance the reproducibility and accuracy of their research, researchers can leverage the PubCompare.ai platform to easily locate and compare protocols from published literature, preprints, and patents related to Cuniculus.
In addition to Cuniculus rabbits, researchers may also work with other rodent models like Dark Agouti rats, C57BL/6J mice, and the C57BL/6J mouse strain.
These models are commonly used in various studies, including those involving the Agouti lethal yellow (KK.Cg-Ay/J) and DBA/2 strains.
Researchers may also utilize techniques and reagents such as TRIzol, TRIzol reagent, EZ-Spot, Tamoxifen, and Percoll to support their Cuniculus-related investigations.
By leveraging the insights and tools provided by platforms like PubCompare.ai, researchers can enhance the quality and efficiency of their Cuniculus-focused studies, leading to better research outcomes and advancing our understanding of these fascinating small mammals.