Mammal
Indispensable Mammalian Models: Unlocking Insights through Cutting-Edge Research Protocols
Papio
2 683 protocols
Papio, a genus of large, ground-dwelling monkeys, has become a valuable research subject in various scientific experiments.
These Old World monkeys, commonly known as baboons, are closely related to humans and share many physiological and behavioral similarities, making them a relevant model for studying a wide range of topics, from neuroscience and disease research to behavioral studies and drug development.
Researchers across diverse fields frequently utilize Papio species in their protocols, leveraging the unique advantages these primates offer in advancing scientific understanding and driving medical and behavioral breakthroughs.
These Old World monkeys, commonly known as baboons, are closely related to humans and share many physiological and behavioral similarities, making them a relevant model for studying a wide range of topics, from neuroscience and disease research to behavioral studies and drug development.
Researchers across diverse fields frequently utilize Papio species in their protocols, leveraging the unique advantages these primates offer in advancing scientific understanding and driving medical and behavioral breakthroughs.
Papio anubis
633 protocols
Papio anubis, also known as the olive baboon, is a widely-used model organism in various scientific research fields.
As a primate species, Papio anubis shares numerous physiological and behavioral similarities with humans, making it a valuable subject for studies in areas such as neuroscience, behavioral ecology, and disease modeling.
Researchers often utilize Papio anubis in protocols involving cognitive assessments, social dynamics, and the investigation of conditions like cardiovascular diseases, metabolic disorders, and infectious diseases, providing valuable insights that can translate to human health and welfare.
As a primate species, Papio anubis shares numerous physiological and behavioral similarities with humans, making it a valuable subject for studies in areas such as neuroscience, behavioral ecology, and disease modeling.
Researchers often utilize Papio anubis in protocols involving cognitive assessments, social dynamics, and the investigation of conditions like cardiovascular diseases, metabolic disorders, and infectious diseases, providing valuable insights that can translate to human health and welfare.
Papio hamadryas
951 protocols
Papio hamadryas, commonly known as the hamadryas baboon, is a valuable model organism in various scientific experiments.
As a non-human primate, this species shares significant genetic and physiological similarities with humans, making it a relevant subject for research in fields such as behavioral biology, evolutionary psychology, and biomedical sciences.
Researchers often utilize Papio hamadryas in studies investigating social cognition, group dynamics, and the effects of environmental factors on primate behavior, providing valuable insights that can inform our understanding of human evolution and development.
As a non-human primate, this species shares significant genetic and physiological similarities with humans, making it a relevant subject for research in fields such as behavioral biology, evolutionary psychology, and biomedical sciences.
Researchers often utilize Papio hamadryas in studies investigating social cognition, group dynamics, and the effects of environmental factors on primate behavior, providing valuable insights that can inform our understanding of human evolution and development.
Phascolarctos cinereus
1 085 protocols
Phascolarctos cinereus, commonly known as the koala, is a unique marsupial species that has gained increasing attention in the scientific community.
As a model organism, the koala offers valuable insights into various research areas, including wildlife conservation, behavioral studies, and comparative physiology.
Its adaptations to a specialized diet and arboreal lifestyle make it a compelling subject for protocols exploring topics such as gut microbiome, metabolic functions, and stress responses in mammalian species.
Researchers seeking to incorporate Phascolarctos cinereus into their experimental designs will find a wealth of applications and established methodologies for studying this distinctive Australian marsupial.
As a model organism, the koala offers valuable insights into various research areas, including wildlife conservation, behavioral studies, and comparative physiology.
Its adaptations to a specialized diet and arboreal lifestyle make it a compelling subject for protocols exploring topics such as gut microbiome, metabolic functions, and stress responses in mammalian species.
Researchers seeking to incorporate Phascolarctos cinereus into their experimental designs will find a wealth of applications and established methodologies for studying this distinctive Australian marsupial.
Phocidae
24 614 protocols
Phocidae, commonly known as "true seals," are a family of semi-aquatic marine mammals that play a crucial role in various scientific experiments and research protocols.
As model organisms, Phocidae species offer valuable insights into adaptations to aquatic environments, diving physiology, and the impact of environmental stressors on marine ecosystems.
Researchers commonly utilize Phocidae in studies related to comparative anatomy, evolutionary biology, marine ecology, and conservation biology, making them a highly relevant subject for scientific investigations across a wide range of disciplines.
As model organisms, Phocidae species offer valuable insights into adaptations to aquatic environments, diving physiology, and the impact of environmental stressors on marine ecosystems.
Researchers commonly utilize Phocidae in studies related to comparative anatomy, evolutionary biology, marine ecology, and conservation biology, making them a highly relevant subject for scientific investigations across a wide range of disciplines.
Pholidota
1 737 protocols
Pholidota, the order of scaly anteaters, holds great significance in scientific research protocols.
These unique mammals serve as valuable model organisms for studying various aspects of biology, from evolutionary adaptations to specialized feeding behaviors.
Pholidota's distinctive scales, remarkable climbing abilities, and intriguing physiological features make them a compelling subject for researchers investigating topics such as keratin production, animal locomotion, and the comparative biology of insectivorous mammals.
These unique mammals serve as valuable model organisms for studying various aspects of biology, from evolutionary adaptations to specialized feeding behaviors.
Pholidota's distinctive scales, remarkable climbing abilities, and intriguing physiological features make them a compelling subject for researchers investigating topics such as keratin production, animal locomotion, and the comparative biology of insectivorous mammals.
Pigs
72 513 protocols
Pigs have become an increasingly valuable model organism in scientific research due to their physiological similarities to humans.
With a robust immune system and the ability to develop diseases akin to those in humans, pigs offer unique insights into a wide range of biomedical applications, from investigating cardiovascular diseases and diabetes to testing novel surgical techniques and evaluating drug therapies.
As a versatile and well-established experimental model, pigs continue to play a crucial role in advancing our understanding of human health and facilitating the development of innovative medical solutions.
With a robust immune system and the ability to develop diseases akin to those in humans, pigs offer unique insights into a wide range of biomedical applications, from investigating cardiovascular diseases and diabetes to testing novel surgical techniques and evaluating drug therapies.
As a versatile and well-established experimental model, pigs continue to play a crucial role in advancing our understanding of human health and facilitating the development of innovative medical solutions.
Platypus, Duckbilled
1 729 protocols
The Platypus, Duckbilled (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) is a unique semiaquatic mammal known for its distinctive bill, webbed feet, and egg-laying ability.
This remarkable species has gained significant attention in the scientific community due to its exceptional evolutionary adaptations and unique biological features.
Researchers often utilize the Platypus, Duckbilled in a variety of experimental protocols, from studies on venom composition and toxicology to investigations of the animal's sensory perception, thermoregulation, and reproductive strategies, making it a valuable model organism in diverse fields of biology and biomedicine.
This remarkable species has gained significant attention in the scientific community due to its exceptional evolutionary adaptations and unique biological features.
Researchers often utilize the Platypus, Duckbilled in a variety of experimental protocols, from studies on venom composition and toxicology to investigations of the animal's sensory perception, thermoregulation, and reproductive strategies, making it a valuable model organism in diverse fields of biology and biomedicine.
Polar Bears
806 protocols
Polar Bears (Ursus maritimus) are a charismatic and ecologically important species that have become a focal point for various scientific research endeavors.
As apex predators in the Arctic ecosystem, Polar Bears serve as valuable bioindicators, providing insights into the health and stability of the fragile Arctic environment.
Their adaptations to extreme cold and dependence on sea ice make them particularly relevant to studies examining the impacts of climate change, habitat loss, and other environmental stressors, with applications in fields ranging from ecology and conservation biology to climate science and environmental policy.
As apex predators in the Arctic ecosystem, Polar Bears serve as valuable bioindicators, providing insights into the health and stability of the fragile Arctic environment.
Their adaptations to extreme cold and dependence on sea ice make them particularly relevant to studies examining the impacts of climate change, habitat loss, and other environmental stressors, with applications in fields ranging from ecology and conservation biology to climate science and environmental policy.
Pongidae
1 457 protocols
Pongidae, a family of great apes, plays a crucial role in various scientific experiments and research protocols.
This taxonomic group, which includes chimpanzees, gorillas, and orangutans, serves as valuable models for understanding human biology, behavior, and evolution.
Researchers often utilize Pongidae species in studies related to cognitive function, disease modeling, and the development of novel medical treatments, making this primate family a vital resource for advancing scientific knowledge.
This taxonomic group, which includes chimpanzees, gorillas, and orangutans, serves as valuable models for understanding human biology, behavior, and evolution.
Researchers often utilize Pongidae species in studies related to cognitive function, disease modeling, and the development of novel medical treatments, making this primate family a vital resource for advancing scientific knowledge.
Pongo
500 protocols
Pongo, the genus name for the orangutan, is a widely recognized model organism in a variety of scientific experiments.
As a primate species, Pongo is particularly relevant for research in fields such as primatology, evolutionary biology, and behavioral studies, providing valuable insights into the evolution and cognition of our closest living relatives.
Researchers often utilize Pongo in studies exploring topics ranging from social dynamics and communication to disease modeling and conservation efforts, highlighting the versatility and importance of this captivating genus in the scientific community.
As a primate species, Pongo is particularly relevant for research in fields such as primatology, evolutionary biology, and behavioral studies, providing valuable insights into the evolution and cognition of our closest living relatives.
Researchers often utilize Pongo in studies exploring topics ranging from social dynamics and communication to disease modeling and conservation efforts, highlighting the versatility and importance of this captivating genus in the scientific community.
Pongo pygmaeus
1 383 protocols
Pongo pygmaeus, commonly known as the Bornean orangutan, is a critically endangered primate species that has become increasingly valuable in scientific research.
As a close genetic relative to humans, Pongo pygmaeus offers unique insights into comparative biology, cognitive studies, and the development of novel therapeutic approaches.
Researchers often utilize Pongo pygmaeus in a range of applications, from neuroscience and behavioral investigations to the evaluation of novel drugs and medical interventions, making it a crucial model organism in various fields of scientific inquiry.
As a close genetic relative to humans, Pongo pygmaeus offers unique insights into comparative biology, cognitive studies, and the development of novel therapeutic approaches.
Researchers often utilize Pongo pygmaeus in a range of applications, from neuroscience and behavioral investigations to the evaluation of novel drugs and medical interventions, making it a crucial model organism in various fields of scientific inquiry.
Primates
18 832 protocols
Primates, a diverse order of mammals that includes monkeys, apes, and humans, have become increasingly valuable in scientific research.
With their close evolutionary relationship to humans, primates offer unique insights into a variety of biomedical and behavioral studies, making them a crucial model organism for exploring complex neurological, cognitive, and social phenomena.
From drug trials and disease investigations to cognitive and behavioral experiments, primate research has provided invaluable data that has significantly advanced our understanding of human health and behavior.
With their close evolutionary relationship to humans, primates offer unique insights into a variety of biomedical and behavioral studies, making them a crucial model organism for exploring complex neurological, cognitive, and social phenomena.
From drug trials and disease investigations to cognitive and behavioral experiments, primate research has provided invaluable data that has significantly advanced our understanding of human health and behavior.
Puma
3 807 protocols
Puma" is a versatile and widely-used animal model in various scientific experiments, particularly in the fields of behavior, ecology, and conservation research.
As a large carnivore, Puma (also known as the mountain lion or cougar) serves as an important indicator species, providing valuable insights into ecosystem dynamics, predator-prey relationships, and the impact of human activities on natural environments.
Researchers often utilize Puma in studies examining habitat preferences, movement patterns, prey selection, and the effects of environmental stressors, making it a crucial component in developing effective wildlife management and conservation strategies.
As a large carnivore, Puma (also known as the mountain lion or cougar) serves as an important indicator species, providing valuable insights into ecosystem dynamics, predator-prey relationships, and the impact of human activities on natural environments.
Researchers often utilize Puma in studies examining habitat preferences, movement patterns, prey selection, and the effects of environmental stressors, making it a crucial component in developing effective wildlife management and conservation strategies.
Rabbits
527 334 protocols
Rabbits are a widely used animal model in scientific research, with a broad range of applications.
As a common experimental subject, rabbits are often employed to study cardiovascular diseases, evaluate new pharmaceutical compounds, and investigate immune responses.
Researchers value the rabbits' size, ease of handling, and physiological similarities to humans, making them a valuable tool for preclinical studies across various fields, from drug development to wound healing research.
As a common experimental subject, rabbits are often employed to study cardiovascular diseases, evaluate new pharmaceutical compounds, and investigate immune responses.
Researchers value the rabbits' size, ease of handling, and physiological similarities to humans, making them a valuable tool for preclinical studies across various fields, from drug development to wound healing research.
Raccoons
797 protocols
Raccoons (Procyon lotor) are a widespread and adaptable North American mammal species that have gained significant attention in the scientific research community.
These unique animals are commonly utilized in a variety of experimental studies, including investigations of behavior, cognition, disease transmission, and even as models for human medical conditions.
Researchers often select raccoons due to their accessibility, ease of handling, and the wealth of existing scientific literature, making them a valuable asset in advancing our understanding of various biological and ecological processes.
These unique animals are commonly utilized in a variety of experimental studies, including investigations of behavior, cognition, disease transmission, and even as models for human medical conditions.
Researchers often select raccoons due to their accessibility, ease of handling, and the wealth of existing scientific literature, making them a valuable asset in advancing our understanding of various biological and ecological processes.
Rats, Cotton
546 protocols
Rats and cotton are a widely used experimental model in scientific research, offering valuable insights across various fields.
Cotton nesting material is a common enrichment item provided to laboratory rats, as it allows them to exhibit natural burrowing and nesting behaviors, which can impact physiological and behavioral measures.
Researchers frequently incorporate "Rats, Cotton" setups in studies investigating topics such as animal welfare, stress response, and the effects of environmental factors on rodent health and cognition.
Cotton nesting material is a common enrichment item provided to laboratory rats, as it allows them to exhibit natural burrowing and nesting behaviors, which can impact physiological and behavioral measures.
Researchers frequently incorporate "Rats, Cotton" setups in studies investigating topics such as animal welfare, stress response, and the effects of environmental factors on rodent health and cognition.
Rats, Inbred BN
1 324 protocols
Rats, Inbred BN (Brown Norway) are a commonly used animal model in a variety of scientific experiments, particularly in the fields of immunology, cardiovascular research, and aging studies.
These genetically homogeneous rodents exhibit stable physiological and behavioral characteristics, making them a valuable tool for researchers seeking to investigate disease mechanisms, test new therapies, and understand the underlying biology of various health conditions.
The Inbred BN rat model has been extensively characterized and is known for its susceptibility to certain diseases, providing researchers with a reliable platform to study disease pathogenesis and develop innovative treatment strategies.
These genetically homogeneous rodents exhibit stable physiological and behavioral characteristics, making them a valuable tool for researchers seeking to investigate disease mechanisms, test new therapies, and understand the underlying biology of various health conditions.
The Inbred BN rat model has been extensively characterized and is known for its susceptibility to certain diseases, providing researchers with a reliable platform to study disease pathogenesis and develop innovative treatment strategies.
Rats, Inbred F344
4 532 protocols
Rats, Inbred F344, are a widely used animal model in scientific research, particularly in the fields of toxicology, pharmacology, and cancer studies.
These genetically homogeneous rodents offer a standardized and reproducible experimental platform, allowing researchers to investigate a wide range of biological processes and therapeutic interventions with high precision.
Inbred F344 rats are prized for their well-characterized genetic and physiological profiles, making them an invaluable tool in preclinical studies aimed at understanding disease mechanisms and evaluating the efficacy and safety of novel drugs or interventions.
These genetically homogeneous rodents offer a standardized and reproducible experimental platform, allowing researchers to investigate a wide range of biological processes and therapeutic interventions with high precision.
Inbred F344 rats are prized for their well-characterized genetic and physiological profiles, making them an invaluable tool in preclinical studies aimed at understanding disease mechanisms and evaluating the efficacy and safety of novel drugs or interventions.
Rats, Inbred SHR
1 213 protocols
Rats, Inbred SHR (Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats) are a well-established rodent model that have been extensively used in cardiovascular research.
These genetically hypertensive rats exhibit many features of human essential hypertension, making them a valuable tool for studying the pathophysiology, progression, and potential treatments for various cardiovascular disorders.
Researchers commonly employ Inbred SHR in studies exploring mechanisms of hypertension, cardiac function, vascular remodeling, and the evaluation of antihypertensive pharmacotherapies, providing crucial insights that can translate to human health.
These genetically hypertensive rats exhibit many features of human essential hypertension, making them a valuable tool for studying the pathophysiology, progression, and potential treatments for various cardiovascular disorders.
Researchers commonly employ Inbred SHR in studies exploring mechanisms of hypertension, cardiac function, vascular remodeling, and the evaluation of antihypertensive pharmacotherapies, providing crucial insights that can translate to human health.
Rats, Inbred WKY
2 122 protocols
Inbred Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats are a widely used animal model in scientific research, particularly in the fields of behavioral neuroscience, cardiovascular physiology, and pharmacology.
These rats exhibit a unique genetic and physiological profile that makes them highly valuable for investigating various disorders, such as depression, anxiety, and hypertension.
Researchers often utilize Inbred WKY rats to study the underlying mechanisms of these conditions, as well as to evaluate the efficacy and safety of novel therapeutic interventions.
These rats exhibit a unique genetic and physiological profile that makes them highly valuable for investigating various disorders, such as depression, anxiety, and hypertension.
Researchers often utilize Inbred WKY rats to study the underlying mechanisms of these conditions, as well as to evaluate the efficacy and safety of novel therapeutic interventions.
Rats, Laboratory
1 344 protocols
Rats, Laboratory: An Essential Tool in Scientific Exploration
Rats are a widely utilized animal model in scientific research, offering valuable insights across a range of disciplines.
As laboratory animals, they provide a standardized and well-characterized system for investigating various biological processes, from studying disease mechanisms to evaluating the efficacy of novel therapeutic interventions.
Leveraging the genetic, physiological, and behavioral similarities between rats and humans, researchers can leverage this versatile model to drive advancements in fields such as neuroscience, pharmacology, and toxicology.
Rats are a widely utilized animal model in scientific research, offering valuable insights across a range of disciplines.
As laboratory animals, they provide a standardized and well-characterized system for investigating various biological processes, from studying disease mechanisms to evaluating the efficacy of novel therapeutic interventions.
Leveraging the genetic, physiological, and behavioral similarities between rats and humans, researchers can leverage this versatile model to drive advancements in fields such as neuroscience, pharmacology, and toxicology.
Rats, Long-Evans
5 292 protocols
The Long-Evans rat, a popular rodent model in scientific research, is known for its robust and versatile characteristics.
Commonly utilized in neuroscience, behavioral, and pharmacological studies, the Long-Evans strain offers researchers a reliable and well-established platform to investigate a wide range of physiological and behavioral processes.
With its distinct coat coloration, docile temperament, and well-documented physiological and genetic profiles, the Long-Evans rat has become a staple in many experimental protocols, making it a valuable asset for researchers seeking to unravel the complexities of various biological systems.
Commonly utilized in neuroscience, behavioral, and pharmacological studies, the Long-Evans strain offers researchers a reliable and well-established platform to investigate a wide range of physiological and behavioral processes.
With its distinct coat coloration, docile temperament, and well-documented physiological and genetic profiles, the Long-Evans rat has become a staple in many experimental protocols, making it a valuable asset for researchers seeking to unravel the complexities of various biological systems.
Rats, Nude
1 115 protocols
Rats, Nude" is a commonly used animal model in various scientific experiments, particularly in fields such as dermatology, wound healing, and skin biology research.
This hairless rat strain provides a unique opportunity to study physiological processes and test novel therapies without the interference of fur or hair growth.
Researchers frequently employ Rats, Nude to investigate skin-related conditions, evaluate the efficacy of topical treatments, and explore the underlying mechanisms of cutaneous regeneration and repair.
This hairless rat strain provides a unique opportunity to study physiological processes and test novel therapies without the interference of fur or hair growth.
Researchers frequently employ Rats, Nude to investigate skin-related conditions, evaluate the efficacy of topical treatments, and explore the underlying mechanisms of cutaneous regeneration and repair.
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
78 390 protocols
Sprague-Dawley rats are a widely-used rodent model in scientific research, known for their docile temperament and reliable response to experimental protocols.
As a preferred choice for studies in areas like pharmacology, toxicology, and behavioral neuroscience, Sprague-Dawley rats offer researchers a consistent and well-characterized platform to investigate a variety of research questions.
Their extensive use in preclinical studies, from drug development to understanding neurological processes, has made Sprague-Dawley rats an integral part of the scientific toolbox for many researchers.
As a preferred choice for studies in areas like pharmacology, toxicology, and behavioral neuroscience, Sprague-Dawley rats offer researchers a consistent and well-characterized platform to investigate a variety of research questions.
Their extensive use in preclinical studies, from drug development to understanding neurological processes, has made Sprague-Dawley rats an integral part of the scientific toolbox for many researchers.
Rats, Transgenic
1 221 protocols
Transgenic rats are a valuable tool in scientific research, offering unique insights into various biological processes.
By introducing specific genetic modifications, researchers can study the effects of target genes on physiological, behavioral, and disease-related phenomena.
Transgenic rat models are commonly employed in areas such as neuroscience, immunology, oncology, and metabolic disorders, enabling researchers to investigate complex biological systems and develop innovative therapeutic approaches.
Incorporating transgenic rats into research protocols can provide crucial data and advance our understanding of human health and disease.
By introducing specific genetic modifications, researchers can study the effects of target genes on physiological, behavioral, and disease-related phenomena.
Transgenic rat models are commonly employed in areas such as neuroscience, immunology, oncology, and metabolic disorders, enabling researchers to investigate complex biological systems and develop innovative therapeutic approaches.
Incorporating transgenic rats into research protocols can provide crucial data and advance our understanding of human health and disease.
Rats, Wistar
45 011 protocols
Rats, Wistar, are a widely used laboratory strain in scientific research due to their well-characterized physiology and behavior.
These albino rats are renowned for their docile temperament, rapid growth, and suitability for a variety of experimental applications, including studies on toxicology, pharmacology, neuroscience, and metabolic disorders.
Researchers commonly utilize Wistar rats to investigate topics ranging from drug development to the understanding of biological processes, making them a valuable model organism in the scientific community.
These albino rats are renowned for their docile temperament, rapid growth, and suitability for a variety of experimental applications, including studies on toxicology, pharmacology, neuroscience, and metabolic disorders.
Researchers commonly utilize Wistar rats to investigate topics ranging from drug development to the understanding of biological processes, making them a valuable model organism in the scientific community.
Rats, Zucker
724 protocols
Rats, Zucker" is a well-established animal model widely used in scientific research, particularly in the fields of metabolic disorders, diabetes, and obesity studies.
These genetically modified rats exhibit characteristics similar to human type 2 diabetes, making them a valuable tool for investigating the underlying mechanisms, evaluating potential treatments, and developing novel therapeutic strategies.
Researchers across various disciplines, from pharmacology and physiology to nutrition and translational medicine, often employ the Zucker rat model to gain crucial insights into the complexities of metabolic dysregulation and its associated complications.
These genetically modified rats exhibit characteristics similar to human type 2 diabetes, making them a valuable tool for investigating the underlying mechanisms, evaluating potential treatments, and developing novel therapeutic strategies.
Researchers across various disciplines, from pharmacology and physiology to nutrition and translational medicine, often employ the Zucker rat model to gain crucial insights into the complexities of metabolic dysregulation and its associated complications.
Rattus
101 128 protocols
Rattus, commonly known as the rat, is a widely used model organism in scientific research due to its genetic and physiological similarities to humans.
Extensively leveraged across various fields, including pharmacology, toxicology, and neuroscience, Rattus offers valuable insights into disease mechanisms, drug development, and the understanding of complex biological processes.
Researchers seeking robust experimental protocols involving Rattus can find a wealth of resources and guidance to design impactful studies and advance their scientific discoveries.
Extensively leveraged across various fields, including pharmacology, toxicology, and neuroscience, Rattus offers valuable insights into disease mechanisms, drug development, and the understanding of complex biological processes.
Researchers seeking robust experimental protocols involving Rattus can find a wealth of resources and guidance to design impactful studies and advance their scientific discoveries.
Rattus norvegicus
208 557 protocols
Rattus norvegicus, commonly known as the brown rat or laboratory rat, is a widely used model organism in scientific research.
Its genetic similarity to humans, well-characterized physiology, and ease of handling make it a valuable tool for investigating a broad range of biomedical and behavioral research questions.
From studying disease pathogenesis and drug development to exploring neurological processes and cognition, the Rattus norvegicus model has become a staple in many experimental protocols across various scientific disciplines.
Its genetic similarity to humans, well-characterized physiology, and ease of handling make it a valuable tool for investigating a broad range of biomedical and behavioral research questions.
From studying disease pathogenesis and drug development to exploring neurological processes and cognition, the Rattus norvegicus model has become a staple in many experimental protocols across various scientific disciplines.