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Vulnerable Populations

Vulnerable Populations refers to groups or communities at a higher risk of experiencing poor health outcomes due to socioeconomic, environmental, or other factors.
This may include racial and ethnic minorities, the elderly, the homeless, those with low incomes, or individuals with disabilities.
Understanding the unique needs and challenges faced by vulnerable populations is crucial for developing targeted interventions and ensuring equitable access to healthcare services.
PubCompare.ai empowers researchers to optimize protocols and identify the best evidence-based approaches to address the complex issues affecting these populations, promoting reproducibility and accuracy in medical research.

Most cited protocols related to «Vulnerable Populations»

1
Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation in the EU
The Special Eurobarometer on Tobacco Surveys (SETS) is a public health surveillance tool that aims to identify current consumption of tobacco products, examine perceptions and behaviours of tobacco users, and ultimately inform measures to reduce the burden of tobacco use in the EU17 . SETS is a repeated cross-sectional survey of adults (≥15 years old) in all 28 EU MS, performed through in-person interviews at participants’ homes in their respective native language using a multi-stage sample design.
WP5 of EUREST-PLUS was designed to maximize the evidence that can be obtained from the vast repository of data available by conducting secondary data analyses that examine the relationship between individual-level tobacco-related measures and specific FCTC and TPD policy Articles. These analyses focus on the associations between sociodemographic and personal parameters with specific FCTC and TPD policy determinants that include, but not limited to: 1) Price and tax measures; 2) Protection from exposure to SHS; 3) Tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship; 4) Tobacco dependence and cessation; 5) Tobacco packaging and labelling; 6) Tobacco product design characteristics; and 7) E-cigarettes as outlined in Table 3. Within this WP, logistic regression analyses are performed to assess correlates of selected variables related to TPD preparedness and WHO FCTC implementation. The models are fitted for age, EU region, scope of national tobacco control policies, education, SES, gender and area of residence. Analyses stratified for young age (18–24 years), unemployment status, self-placement on the social ladder and the ability to pay bills are used as proxies to identify vulnerable populations (18–28 years).
Vardavas C.I., Bécuwe N., Demjén T., Fernández E., McNeill A., Mons U., Tountas Y., Trofor A.C., Tsatsakis A., Rohde G., Willemsen M., Przewozniak K., Zatonski W.A, & Fong G.T. (2018). Study Protocol of European Regulatory Science on Tobacco (EUREST-PLUS): Policy implementation to reduce lung disease. Tobacco Induced Diseases, 16, A2.
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Publication 2018
Adult Gender Public Health Surveillance Tobacco Dependence Tobacco Products Vulnerable Populations
2
Colorectal Cancer Screening Among Publicly Insured Adults

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Publication 2014
Colectomy Colonoscopy Disabled Persons Eligibility Determination Infantile Neuroaxonal Dystrophy Kidney Failure, Chronic Minority Groups Proctosigmoidoscopy Screening Vulnerable Populations Woman
3
Validating PTSD Screening in Iraqi and Syrian Refugees
Local interviewers conducted the screening interviews, and the validation interviews were conducted by expert interviewers. Between December 2016 and January 2017, we recruited six local interviewers (three men and three women). The local interviewers were fluent in Kurdish and Arabic and they had at least a Bachelor’s degree in psychology or social work. Each interviewer attended a one-week intensive theoretical and practical training course on the study instruments. Due to the absence of reliable census data from the refugee camps, we used a pragmatic sampling approach based on a random selection of individuals and households. The camp was sub-divided according to approximately equal household and population size. Local interviewers were assigned to the resulting zones and instructed to randomly select a sampling direction by spinning a pen from the zone center. The first household with one distance to another was selected and from each household, only main householder couples were interviewed.
Our study is part of a much more extensive and cross-national project, which aims to study psychosocial consequences of migration among Iraqi IDPs and Syrian refugees. In the current study, we interviewed displaced Iraqi and Syrian people. We began with a background questionnaire, followed by a war-related events checklist and Life Events Checklist for DSM-5 (LEC-5) [18 ]. Psychopathology was assessed using the PCL-5 and the depression section of the Hopkins symptom checklist [19 (link)]. Participants were fully informed about the procedures of the current study through a standardized informed consent, which included information about aims of our study, confidentiality, potential risks and discomforts, the right to withdraw without prejudice, benefits, and data protection. Verbal informed consent was given, and interviewers documented informed consent for each participant. The interviewers were matched in gender to the interviewees and they were asked about their readiness for re-interview by different interviewers. All participants (except three couples, who had moved to a new location) assented to a further interview. Two weeks later forty-nine couples between 18 and 67 years of age (48% Iraqi and 52% Syrian) were chosen randomly for re-interview by four expert clinical psychologists (two women and two men).
The expert interviewers had at least a Master’s degree in clinical psychology and more than four years clinical experience with highly vulnerable populations including survivors of war, displacement, torture, genocide, and family and gender-based violence. All clinical psychologists were university lecturers at the department of clinical psychology at Koya University in the KRI, and they partially worked as psychotherapists at Koya university’s outpatient clinic. This clinic offers psychological diagnostics as well as counseling and psychotherapy for individuals with different mental health problems in including trauma and PTSD.
About 15 days after the first interview, the expert interviewers conducted validation interviews based on the same instruments. However, the experts were instructed to ask the questions of the PCL in the form of a structured clinical interview. For every single PTSD symptom listed in the PCL5, the clinical experts asked about symptom’s presence and it’s occurrences over the past month. They were instructed to explore as much information as needed about the intensity, relevance, and frequency of each symptom to be able to judge the clinical significance of each symptom. We perceived that this procedure was the best approximation to culturally sensitive structured interviews that have been recognized as a standard gold for diagnosing PTSD.
Clinically significant symptoms were rated at least as “2 = Moderate”. Expert diagnosis of PTSD was then determined using the DSM-5 algorithm, counting all symptoms rated ‘two or more’ as a present. The clinical psychologists were fluent in Kurdish and Arabic languages, and they were blind to the results of the screening interviews. The ethical review committees of Bielefeld University in Germany and Koya University in the KRI approved all study procedures.
Ibrahim H., Ertl V., Catani C., Ismail A.A, & Neuner F. (2018). The validity of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) as screening instrument with Kurdish and Arab displaced populations living in the Kurdistan region of Iraq. BMC Psychiatry, 18, 259.
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Publication 2018
6-pyruvoyl-tetrahydropterin synthase deficiency Depressive Symptoms Diagnosis Gender Gender-Based Violence Gold Households IDH2, human Interviewers Mental Health Mesocricetus auratus Psychotherapists Psychotherapy Refugees Survivors Torture Visually Impaired Persons Vulnerable Populations Woman Wounds and Injuries
4
Mental Health Impact of COVID-19: A Review

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Publication 2020
Chinese COVID 19 Health Personnel Mental Health Minority Groups Vulnerable Populations
5
Evaluating Lead Education Materials in Mining Cities
We used qualitative content analysis to evaluate the accuracy and comprehensiveness of online lead health education information provided to residents of the three cities. Our primary interest in this study was to elucidate ‘manifest content’, that is, to develop codes and categories that describe the actual content of education materials [30 (link)]. Due to the updated NHMRC advisory level for blood lead levels in May 2015, we re-checked the materials 2 months after this date to ensure any updates made to material would be captured in our assessment. We included information in the text and graphics from all of the direct webpages linked to each of each site, but for consistency, did not follow links that took the viewer off the main website.
Initially we determined the unit of analysis; [31 (link)] the online lead health education materials aimed at parents produced by Broken Hill Child and Family Health Centre, identified online as: Lead it’s in our hands; [17 ] Mount Isa’s Living with Lead Alliance, identified online as: Living safely with lead; [18 ] and Port Pirie’s Targeted lead abatement program [19 ].
We then used an open coding process to comprehensively identify categories and concepts that emerged from the data. From an initial list of open codes, we determined higher-order categorisations and groupings [31 (link)]. Based on our initial open coding, we identified three over-arching domains in which the content of the health education materials clustered: health effects of lead, exposure pathways, and strategies for reducing exposure. Because our primary objective was to assess the accuracy and completeness of the lead health education materials, we determined the best way to do this would be to compare the materials from the mining and/or smelting cities to best practice materials. We defined best practice health education materials as those based on current scientific evidence of health effects (e.g. no safe level of lead exposure identified in children, health effects of low-level lead, identification of vulnerable populations, and delineation of health effects across developmental stages), and those that most comprehensively addressed sources and pathways of exposure. Materials considered included those produced by the World Health Organization, Australian national and state governments, and US national and state governments. In addition the materials had to be in the English language, intended for parents/consumers rather than providers, and web-based.
For the first domain, the health effects of lead, we determined that the best practice materials were those developed by the CDC, due to their comprehensive consideration of lead’s health effects across developmental stages, consistency with recent scientific evidence, and focus on parent/caregiver education [32 ]. Consequently, we developed codes to capture the content of the CDC materials through open coding of the materials and then organised these codes into higher order categories.
For the second domain, pathways of exposure, we determined that best practice lead health education materials were those developed by the NHMRC [33 ], due to their comprehensive discussion of exposure pathways and their specificity to the Australian context. WHO [34 ] and CDC materials were ruled out as “best practice” because they provided only short descriptions of sources and pathways of exposure and did not go into detail about the mining/smelting context. Additionally, the NHMRC materials specifically address some pathways particular to Australia (e.g. rainwater collection for household use). Codes for this domain were developed in the same process described above for the first domain.
For the third domain, strategies for reducing exposure, we could not identify best practice materials specific to the mining/smelting context, therefore, we made the decision to develop an exhaustive list of codes, organised into categories, that would capture the advice provided to parents across the cities being assessed. This enabled us to to analyse the recommendations provided in each city, to compare each city to the others, and where possible, to compare the recommended strategies to the published literature.
Once the codes in each of the three domains were finalised the authors independently coded the health education materials. Then the codes applied by the authors were compared, and any areas of disagreement were discussed and reconciled.
Sullivan M, & Green D. (2016). Misled about lead: an assessment of online public health education material from Australia’s lead mining and smelting towns. Environmental Health, 15, 1.
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Publication 2016
BLOOD Child Health Education Households Parent Vulnerable Populations

Most recents protocols related to «Vulnerable Populations»

1
Kidney Biopsy Tissue Profiling for T2D

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Publication 2023
American Indian or Alaska Native Biopsy Diabetes Mellitus Digestive System Ethics Committees, Research Gene Chips Gene Expression Genome, Human Genotype Kidney Kidney Diseases Kidney Glomerulus Living Donors Microarray Analysis Microdissection Tissue Procurement Tissues Vulnerable Populations
2
Barriers to Technology Access in Inpatient Addiction Treatment
Participants randomized to the control group could technically access the ODR software, which is free and available to members of the public. Yet to do so, they would [1 ] need to seek out the platform on their own and [2 (link)] navigate the technological barriers to using the software for unresolved legal issues. Our fieldwork in treatment centers shows that we expect low control group uptake of the software due to inpatient clients’ lack of access to technology, low or limited levels of technology literacy for many clients in our participant demographic, combined with low literacy levels reported among many clients, and lack of knowledge that this resource exists or how to navigate it successfully. While inpatient, clients have very limited access to phones and computers, and internet access is generally limited to scheduled and monitored supportive services with a staff member present, such as completing an application for food assistance. Approximately 1 in 3 clients identifies as having literacy difficulties, either with reading, with technology, or a visual impairment that inhibits their ability to access and utilize a web browser without a support person. Finally, like many public resources, uptake rates can be limited among vulnerable populations, who may not know the resource exists and have barriers to accessing it successfully.
O’Neil M.M., Johnson R.A., Córdova D., Pryor J, & Pinals D.A. (2023). A legal dispute resolution intervention for patients with substance use disorders: a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. BMC Public Health, 23, 435.
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Publication 2023
Cardiac Arrest Inpatient Low Vision Vulnerable Populations
3
Engaging Homeless Persons in Ghana: Ethical Considerations
Approvals were obtained from the Western Sydney University Human Research Ethics Committee, the Ghanaian Department of Social Development, and four community organisations that serve people experiencing homelessness in Accra. Respondents were recruited by trained research assistants experienced in public health research with vulnerable populations and fluent in local languages. For potential respondents in the streets and slums, their community leaders were contacted in advance to facilitate data collection. Respondents were recruited day and night during pre-existing outreach, health screening, and free meal programmes. The research team was introduced to the potential respondents, research information and consent were discussed, and consenting individuals were invited to pre-arranged community centres or playing grounds for participation. At the shelters, staff members introduced the research team to clients for information dissemination, consent, and participation.
To prevent exploitation, individuals with serious cognitive impairment, intellectual disability, and mental illness were excluded if the conditions limited capacity to consent. For such individuals, the capacity to provide consent was determined by social workers and shelter staff based on the seriousness of the health condition and prior experience of serious distress. Intoxicated individuals were only engaged when they had the ability to give informed consent. Three people judged as incapable to provide consent were excluded. To prevent coercion, community leaders, social workers, and shelter staff members were not involved in the consent process except when a person’s capacity to consent was questionable. Respondents had the opportunity to confirm or re-negotiate consent over time. That is participants who had already agreed to participate were asked of permission again prior to the start of the survey. Participants could change their decision to participate or withdraw their participation altogether based on changes in personal lives or availability of new information about the research.
Activities were conducted in either the local Ghanaian language (66%, n = 201) or English (34%, n = 104). The research assistants read the questions to respondents, recorded answers in electronic format, and then synchronised to the online software platform CANVAS (https://canvass.acspri.org.au) using android tablets. The survey lasted for 50 to 60 minutes, and respondents were reimbursed with mosquito repellent (valued at AU$5). All respondents could also check-in to any of the two partner alcohol and drug rehabilitation centres with the help of social workers free of charge. Community organisations provided timely referrals for mental health support for respondents who may experience psychological harm and distress. Two respondents experienced mild discomfort answering questions on discrimination and violence which led to a temporary pause of the survey.
Osei Asibey B., Marjadi B, & Conroy E. (2023). Alcohol, tobacco and drug use among adults experiencing homelessness in Accra, Ghana: A cross-sectional study of risk levels and associated factors. PLOS ONE, 18(3), e0281107.
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Publication 2023
Culicidae Discrimination, Psychology Disorders, Cognitive Ethanol Ethics Committees, Research Homo sapiens Intellectual Disability Mental Disorders Mental Health Vulnerable Populations
4
Stool Sample Collection and Analysis
Stool samples were obtained from a previous study41 (link). Samples were collected from participants of the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study. Briefly, participants collected stool samples directly into sterile containers, then samples were kept at ~4 °C until arrival (48 h or less) at the processing laboratory. Upon arrival, sterile straws were filled with the faecal material and stored at −80 °C as previously described41 (link). 16S rRNA gene sequencing data for these samples were previously published. The use of the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study faecal samples was approved by the Institutional Review Board at UW-Madison. Consent from participants was obtained via a process involving both verbal and written components by trained interviewers, and records were archived both digitally and physically at UW-Madison. This effort did not include collection of samples from vulnerable populations or from minors.
Zhang Q., Linke V., Overmyer K.A., Traeger L.L., Kasahara K., Miller I.J., Manson D.E., Polaske T.J., Kerby R.L., Kemis J.H., Trujillo E.A., Reddy T.R., Russell J.D., Schueler K.L., Stapleton D.S., Rabaglia M.E., Seldin M., Gatti D.M., Keele G.R., Pham D.T., Gerdt J.P., Vivas E.I., Lusis A.J., Keller M.P., Churchill G.A., Blackwell H.E., Broman K.W., Attie A.D., Coon J.J, & Rey F.E. (2023). Genetic mapping of microbial and host traits reveals production of immunomodulatory lipids by Akkermansia muciniphila in the murine gut. Nature Microbiology, 8(3), 424-440.
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Publication 2023
Ethics Committees, Research Feces Interviewers Ribosomal RNA Genes Specimen Collection Sterility, Reproductive Vulnerable Populations
5
Enhancing Diabetes Care Through Accessible Transportation
Based on past partnerships, and demonstrated success operating a dialysis transportation program, the DCII partnered with a community partner which offers accessible transportation for vulnerable populations to streamline transportation services for patients living with diabetes. Through the partnership, patients, and clinical staff could reach a real-time dedicated mobility specialist to navigate transportation solutions, including travel to medical appointments, pharmacy visits, grocery stores, and food box deliveries.
Roth S.E., Gronowski B., Jones K.G., Smith R.A., Smith S.K., Vartanian K.B, & Wright B.J. (2023). Evaluation of an Integrated Intervention to Address Clinical Care and Social Needs Among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 38(Suppl 1), 38-44.
Publication 2023
Diabetes Mellitus Dialysis Food Obstetric Delivery Patients Range of Motion, Articular Vulnerable Populations

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More about "Vulnerable Populations"

Vulnerable populations refer to demographic groups at higher risk of poor health outcomes due to socioeconomic, environmental, or other factors.
This may include racial and ethnic minorities, the elderly, the homeless, those with low incomes, or individuals with disabilities.
Understanding the unique needs and challenges faced by these vulnerable groups is crucial for developing targeted interventions and ensuring equitable access to healthcare services.
Researchers can utilize tools like PubCompare.ai to optimize research protocols and identify the best evidence-based approaches to address the complex issues affecting vulnerable populations.
PubCompare.ai's AI-driven comparisons help users locate and identify the most effective protocols and products from literature, pre-prints, and patents, promoting reproducibility and accuracy in medical research.
Vulnerable populations may face additional barriers to healthcare, such as limited access to resources like SAS 9.4, Stata 15, or the Basic Motionlogger device.
Researchers can use PubCompare.ai to discover innovative solutions, such as the HepG2 cell line or the Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoassay, to better serve these communities.
Additionally, PubCompare.ai can assist in identifying appropriate tools and techniques, like the EOS 60D camera or the Xpert Xpress SARS-CoV-2 assay, to address the unique needs of vulnerable populations.
By leveraging the power of AI-driven research, researchers can develop more effective and equitable healthcare interventions, ultimately improving outcomes for those most at risk, such as individuals who may rely on Optisol-GS or SonoSite products.