> Living Beings > Virus > Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus

Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus

Q: How can Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) be transmitted to humans?

LCMV is typically transmitted to humans through contact with infected rodents or their urine, droppings, or saliva. The virus can be contracted by handling infected rodents, breathing in viral particles, or consuming contaminated food or water. It's important to take precautions when in areas with known LCMV-infected rodent populations to minimize the risk of exposure.

Q: What are the common symptoms of Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection in humans?

Symptoms of LCMV infection in humans often include fever, headache, muscle aches, and fatigue. In more severe cases, the infection can lead to meningitis or encephalitis, which can be life-threatening, especially for immunocompromised individuals. Prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment are crucial for managing the disease and preventing serious complications.

Q: How can PubCompare.ai help researchers studying Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV)?

PubCompare.ai allows researchers studying LCMV to screen protocol literature more efficiently and leverage AI to pinpoint critical insights. The platform's AI-driven analysis can help researchers identify the most effective protocols related to LCMV for their specific research goals. By highlighting key differences in protocol effectiveness, PubCompare.ai enables researchers to choose the best option for reproducibility and accruacy, streamlining their LCMV research.

Q: Are there different variations or types of Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV)?

Yes, there are different strains or variants of LCMV that have been identified. While the basic characteristics of the virus may be similar, some strains may exhibit slight differences in virulence, transmissibility, or clinical manifestations. Understanding the specific LCMV variant involved in a case or research study can help inform the appropriate treatment approach and research strategies.

Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) is a rodent-borne arenavirus that can infect humans and cause a flu-like illness known as lymphocytic choriomeningitis.
LCMV is typically transmitted through contact with infected rodents or their urine, droppings, or saliva.
Symptoms may include fever, headache, muscle aches, and fatigue.
In severe cases, LCMV can lead to meningitis or encephalitis.
Accurate diagnosis and effective treatment are important, as LCMV can have serious consequences, espeically for immunocompromised individuals.
Researchers studying LCMV can use PubCompare.ai to optimize their research by locating the best protocols from literature, preprints, and patents using AI-driven comparisons to enhance reproducibility and accurarcy.

Most cited protocols related to «Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus»

Murine Models of Viral Infection

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Publication 2009

Animals Biological Assay CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes Cells Chimera Clone Cells Epitopes GZMB protein, human Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus Lymphoid Progenitor Cells Mus PRDM1 protein, human RAG-1 Gene Senile Plaques Strains Vaccinia virus

Integrative Single-Cell Analysis of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes and LCMV Infection

Prior to dataset integration, single-cell data from individual studies were filtered using TILPRED-1.0 (https://github.com/carmonalab/TILPRED), which removes cells not enriched in T cell markers (e.g., Cd2, Cd3d, Cd3e, Cd3g, Cd4, Cd8a, Cd8b1) and cells enriched in non-T cell genes (e.g., Spi1, Fcer1g, Csf1r, Cd19). Dataset integration was performed using STACAS¹⁴ (https://github.com/carmonalab/STACAS), a batch-correction algorithm based on Seurat^{12 (link)}. For the TIL reference map, we specified 600 variable genes per dataset, excluding cell cycling genes, mitochondrial, ribosomal, and non-coding genes, as well as genes expressed in <0.1% or >90% of the cells of a given dataset. For integration, a total of 800 variable genes were derived as the intersection of the 600 variable genes of individual datasets, prioritizing genes found in multiple datasets and, in case of draws, those derived from the largest datasets. We calculated pairwise dataset anchors using STACAS with default parameters, and filtered anchors using an anchor score threshold of 0.8. Integration was performed using the IntegrateData function in Seurat, providing the anchor set identified by STACAS, and a custom integration tree to initiate alignment from the largest and most heterogeneous datasets. Similarly, to construct the LCMV reference map, we split the datasets into five batches that displayed strong technical differences, and applied STACAS to mitigate their confounding effects. We computed 800 variable genes per batch, excluding cell cycling genes, ribosomal and mitochondrial genes, and computed pairwise anchors using 200 integration genes, and otherwise default STACAS parameters. Anchors were filtered at the default threshold 0.8 percentile, and integration was performed with the IntegrateData Seurat function with the guide tree suggested by STACAS.
Both for the TIL and LCMV atlases, we performed unsupervised clustering of the integrated cell embeddings using the Shared Nearest Neighbor (SNN) clustering method^{64 (link)} implemented in Seurat with parameters {resolution = 0.6, reduction = “umap”, k.param = 20} for the TIL atlas and {resolution = 0.4, reduction = “pca”, k.param = 20} for the LCMV atlas. We then manually annotated individual clusters (merging clusters when necessary) based on several criteria: (i) average expression of key marker genes in individual clusters; (ii) gradients of gene expression over the UMAP representation of the reference map; (iii) gene-set enrichment analysis to identify over- and under- expressed genes per cluster using MAST^{65 (link)}. In order to have access to predictive methods for UMAP, we recomputed PCA and UMAP embeddings independently of Seurat using respectively the prcomp function from basic R package “stats”, and the “umap” R package (https://github.com/tkonopka/umap).

Andreatta M., Corria-Osorio J., Müller S., Cubas R., Coukos G, & Carmona S.J. (2021). Interpretation of T cell states from single-cell transcriptomics data using reference atlases. Nature Communications, 12, 2965.

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Publication 2021

Cells Gene, c-fms Gene Clusters Gene Expression Genes Genes, cdc Genes, Mitochondrial Genes, vif Genetic Heterogeneity Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus Maritally Unattached Mitochondrial Inheritance Ribosomes SPI1 protein, human T-Lymphocyte Trees

Single-cell RNA-seq analysis of exhausted CD8+ T cells

The following cells were sorted for single-cell RNA-seq: gp33-tetramer⁺ live CD8⁺PD-1⁺CD44⁺ cells from spleens of day-28 LCMV Cl13-infected mice; SIINFEKL- tetramer⁺ live CD45⁺CD8⁺ cells from day-20 B16-OVA tumors and live PD-1⁺CD44⁺CD45⁺CD8⁺ cells from day-10 B16-OVA tumors. Cells were counted and loaded onto the Chromium Controller (10X Genomics) for a target recovery of 5,000 single cells. Samples were processed per the manufacturer’s protocol and sequenced on an Illumina NextSeq500 sequencer using a 75-bp kit with paired-end reads. Sample demultiplexing, barcode processing, alignment, filtering, UMI counting and aggregation of sequencing runs were performed using the Cell Ranger analysis pipeline (v.1.2). Downstream analyses were performed in R using the Seurat package⁴⁴ (v.2.1.0).
For each cell, two quality control metrics were calculated: (1) the total number of genes detected, and (2) the proportion of UMIs contributed by mitochondrially encoded transcripts. Cells in which fewer than 200 genes were detected and in which mitochondrially encoded transcripts constituted greater than 10% of the total library were excluded from downstream analysis. Genes detected in fewer than three cells across the dataset were also excluded, yielding an expression matrix of 9,194 cells by 13,642 genes (LCMV), 11,212 cells by 14,496 genes (day 10 + 20 tumor), or 4,313 cells by 13,880 genes (day 20 tumor). Each gene expression measurement was normalized by total expression in the corresponding cell and multiplied by a scaling factor of 10,000. Mean and dispersion values were calculated for each gene across all cells; 1,653 genes (LCMV), 1,234 genes (day 10 + 20 tumor) or 914 genes (day 20 tumor) classified as highly variable. Highly variable genes were used for PCA. Principal components were determined to be significant (P < 0.01) using the jackstraw method, and tSNE was performed on these significant principle components using default parameters for 1,000 iterations for visualization in two dimensions. Unsupervised clustering was performed using a shared nearest neighbor modularity optimization-based algorithm⁴⁵. Differential expression analysis was performed between each cluster and all other cells using a Wilcoxon rank sum test. Single-cell signature scoring using FastProject⁴⁶ (v.0.9.2) was performed with a curated version of the C7 Immune Signatures database from MSigDB. Significance of signature enrichment in single-cell datasets of one cluster relative to other clusters was determined using a Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. FastProject signature scoring of CD8⁺ T cells from tumors was performed in the scope of transcriptional signatures derived from the subpopulations we identified in LCMV or from signatures derived from the literature. Tumor cells were plotted on a two-dimensional axis on the basis of their scores for the terminally exhausted and progenitor exhausted signatures on the x axis and y axis, respectively.

Miller B.C., Sen D.R., Abosy R.A., Bi K., Virkud Y.V., LaFleur M.W., Yates K.B., Lako A., Felt K., Naik G.S., Manos M., Gjini E., Kuchroo J.R., Ishizuka J.J., Collier J.L., Griffin G.K., Maleri S., Comstock D.E., Weiss S.A., Brown F.D., Panda A., Zimmer M.D., Manguso R.T., Hodi F.S., Rodig S.J., Sharpe A.H, & Haining W.N. (2019). Subsets of exhausted CD8+ T cells differentially mediate tumor control and respond to checkpoint blockade. Nature immunology, 20(3), 326-336.

Publication 2019

CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes CD44 protein, human cDNA Library Cells Chromium Cytosol Epistropheus factor A Gene Expression Genes Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus Mus Neoplasms Population Group Single-Cell RNA-Seq Tetrameres Transcription, Genetic

Transcriptional Profiling of Exhausted T Cells

Tetramer-positive progenitor exhausted or terminally exhausted cells were sorted from spleens of day 30 LCMV Cl13 infected mice or day 22 B16-OVA tumors in pools of 400 cells into a microplate containing 20 μl of RLT buffer (Qiagen) with 1% v/v β-mercaptoethanol in each well. Immediately following sorting, the plates were sealed, vortexed briefly, spun at 400g for 1 min and were flash-frozen on dry ice for storage at −80 °C until library preparation. Cellular lysates were converted to cDNA in an adapted SmartSeq2 protocol as previously described⁴².
Libraries were sequenced on a NextSeq500 instrument by 37 -base-pair paired-end reads. After demultiplexing, low-quality reads were trimmed with Trimmomatic (v.0.33) using the following parameters: LEADING: 15, TRAILING: 15, SLIDINGWINDOW: 4:15 and MINLEN: 16. Trimmed reads were aligned to the mm10 mouse genome using Bowtie2 (v.2.2.4). HTSeq (v.0.6.1p1) was used to map aligned reads to genes and generate a gene count matrix. Technical replicates were averaged for each biologically independent sample. Gene counts were normalized by library size and differential expression analysis was performed using DESeq2 (v.1.18.1) (Supplementary Table 2). Following differential expression analysis between phenotypic groups, a ranking metric was calculated for each gene as R = −log₁₀(q), where q is the FDR-adjusted P value. Preranked GSEA⁴³ (v.3.0) was performed using the C2, C5 and C7 gene sets in the MSigDB database. To compare our data with other RNA-seq datasets from the literature, the top 150 differentially expressed genes (ranked by q value) were determined between the two indicated states for each sample generated as previously described or identified from the literature. A hypergeometric overlap test was performed to determine the overlap of each gene set with all others.

Publication 2019

2-Mercaptoethanol Base Pairing Buffers Cells DNA, Complementary DNA Library Dry Ice Freezing Genes Genome Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus Mus Neoplasms Phenotype RNA-Seq Tetrameres

Adoptive Transfer of Antigen-Specific T Cells

All mice were used in accordance with the guidelines of the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees at the University of Minnesota. C57BL/6J mice were purchased from The Jackson Laboratory. Thy1.1⁺ P14, CD45.1⁺ OT-I, and CD45.1⁺ mice were fully backcrossed to C57BL/6J mice and maintained in our animal colony. OT-I.Ifng^−/− mice were generously provided by M. Mescher (University of Minnesota), and were generated as follows: B6.129S7-Ifng^tm1Ts/J mice, deficient for IFN-γ (Ifng), were obtained from The Jackson Laboratory and bred with OT-I mice. P14 immune chimeras were generated by transferring 5 × 10⁴ naive transgenic Thy1.1⁺ P14 T cells into naive C57BL/6J mice and infecting with 2 × 10⁵ p.f.u. LCMV Armstrong the next day. Memory OT-I cells were generated by transferring 5 × 10⁴ naïve transgenic CD45.1⁺ OT-I T cells into naive C57BL/6J mice or into memory P14 chimeras. The next day, recipients were infected with either 1 × 10⁶ p.f.u. VSV-OVA or 2 × 10⁶ p.f.u. VV-OVA i.v. For local re-challenge experiments, 50 μg of the indicated peptides or 4 × 10⁵ p.f.u. VV-gp33 or VV-OVA was delivered t.c. as described^{13 (link),23 (link)} in a volume of 35 μl delivered by modified gel loading pipet. For depleting circulating memory P14 CD8⁺ T cells, mice were injected with 3 μg anti-Thy1.1 (clone HIS51) into the peritoneal cavity. Depletion was confirmed by Thy1.1 (clone OX-7) and H-2D^b/gp33 MHC I tetramer staining.

Schenkel J.M., Fraser K.A., Vezys V, & Masopust D. (2013). Sensing and alarm function of resident memory CD8+ T cells. Nature immunology, 14(5), 509-513.

Publication 2013

Animals Animals, Transgenic anti-Thy-1 Cells Chimera Clone Cells Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees Interferon Type II Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus Memory Memory T Cells Mice, Inbred C57BL Mice, Laboratory Peptides Peritoneal Cavity T-Lymphocyte Tetrameres

Most recents protocols related to «Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus»

Adoptive Transfer of Activated T Cells

HEK293T cells were transfected and treated as described above. On day 2, splenocytes were prepared from STG mice and cultured in 10-cm plates at a density of 5–10 × 10⁷ cells in 15 ml T cell media with soluble LCMV peptide GP61-80 (1 μg/ml; AnaSpec). The following day, activated STG⁺ T cells were isolated using an EasySep Mouse CD4⁺ T cell isolation kit (Stemcell Technologies) and plated in 24-well plates at a density of 1–2 × 10⁶ cells per well. Cells were transduced with viral supernatants as described above. Following transduction, cells were washed and resuspended in PBS for adoptive transfer via retro-orbital injection into recipient mice.

Seth A., Yokokura Y., Choi J.Y., Shyer J.A., Vidyarthi A, & Craft J. (2023). AP-1–independent NFAT signaling maintains follicular T cell function in infection and autoimmunity. The Journal of Experimental Medicine, 220(5), e20211110.

Publication 2023

Adoptive Transfer CD4 Positive T Lymphocytes Cells isolation Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus Mus Peptides Peptide T Stem Cells T-Lymphocyte

LCMV Infection in Mice

The Armstrong strain of LCMV was grown as previously described (Ahmed and Oldstone, 1988 (link)). Mice were injected i.p. with 2 × 10⁵ plaque-forming units of LCMV for each infection.

Publication 2023

Dental Plaque Infection Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus Mus Strains

LCMV RNA Generation and Reference

LCMV RNA reference was generated using a MEGAscript T7 kit (catalog number AM1333, Thermo Fisher Scientific) from LCMV NP gene DNA (position 1,713–2,238 in Genbank accession number JF912085) that was synthesized by Integrated DNA Technologies. The synthesized DNA with the T7 promoter sequence at the 5′ end was added. A plasmid containing part of the β-actin mRNA sequence (position 9–1,137 in Genbank accession number NM_001330273) was utilized as a reference for β-actin mRNA and genomic DNA.

Misu M., Yoshikawa T., Sugimoto S., Takamatsu Y., Kurosu T., Ouji Y., Yoshikawa M., Shimojima M., Ebihara H, & Saijo M. (2023). Rapid whole genome sequencing methods for RNA viruses. Frontiers in Microbiology, 14, 1137086.

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Publication 2023

Actins Genes Genome Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus Plasmids RNA, Messenger

Propagation and Titration of RNA Viruses

Vero, Vero E6, Vero.DogSLAMtag, which is stably expressing a CDV receptor, canine SLAM (Seki et al., 2003 (link); Sakai et al., 2013 (link)), MDCK and 293T cells were grown in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium (DMEM; catalog number 041-30081, Wako, Osaka, Japan) supplemented with 5% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum (FBS), 100 U/ml penicillin, and 100 μg/ml streptomycin (catalog number 15140122, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA). In some cases, an antibiotic for Mycoplasma spp., BIOMYC-3 (catalog number PK-CC03-038-1D, Takara Bio, Shiga, Japan), was added to the culture medium at 100-fold dilution. The working stocks of RNA viruses were prepared as described and were aliquoted and stored at −80°C.
Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) strain WE (Genbank Accession Numbers LC413283 and LC413284) was propagated in Vero cells at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 0.01. The culture supernatants were harvested at 4 days post-infection. The infectious dose was determined using Vero cells with the standard 50% tissue culture infectious dose (TCID₅₀) assay, with visualization of infection on the wells in a 96-well plate by an indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA), as described previously (Taniguchi et al., 2020 (link)).
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) strain YG-1 (Genbank Accession Numbers AB817979, AB817987, and AB817995) was propagated in Vero cells at an MOI of 0.01. The culture supernatants were harvested at full cytopathic effect (CPE). The infectious dose was determined with the standard TCID₅₀ assay, with visualization of infection on the wells in a 96-well plate by an IFA, as described previously (Takahashi et al., 2014 (link)).
Influenza A virus (IAV) strain H1N1 A/PR/8/34 (Genbank Accession Numbers LC662537, LC662538, LC662539, LC662540, LC662541, LC662542, LC662543, and LC662544) purchased from ATCC was propagated in MDCK cells with the addition of 1.0 μg/ml trypsin (catalog number 207-19183, Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Corporation, Osaka, Japan) in DMEM and passaged twice at an MOI of 0.01. The culture supernatants were harvested 3 days post-infection, and the infectious dose was determined using MDCK cells with the standard TCID₅₀ assay in a 96-well plate.
Canine distemper virus (CDV) strain CYN07-dV (Genbank Accession Number AB687720) was propagated in Vero.DogSLAMtag cells at an MOI of 0.01. The cells and culture supernatants were harvested at full CPE and frozen and thawed twice, which is necessary to release the cell-associated virus into the culture supernatant. The samples were centrifuged at 1,000 ×g for 10 min, and the infectious dose was determined with the standard TCID₅₀ assay in a 96-well plate.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) strain 2019-nCoV/Japan/TY/WK-521/2020 (GISAID ID: EPI_ISL_408667) was propagated in VeroE6 cells stably expressing transmembrane serine protease TMPRSS2 (VeroE6/TMPRSS2) (Matsuyama et al., 2020 (link)) at an MOI of 0.1. The culture supernatants were harvested at full CPE, and the infectious dose was determined using VeroE6/TMPRSS2 cells with the standard TCID₅₀ assay in a 96-well plate.
Pteropine orthoreovirus (PRV) strain Miyazaki-Bali/2007 (Genbank Accession Numbers AB908278.1, AB908279.1, AB908280.1, AB908281.1, AB908282.1, AB908283.1, AB908284.1, AB908285.1, AB908286.1, and AB908287.1) was propagated in 293T cells at an MOI of 0.001. The culture supernatants were harvested at full CPE and titrated using Vero cells with the standard TCID₅₀ assay in a 96-well plate.

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Publication 2023

Antibiotics AT-001 Biological Assay Canine Distemper Canis familiaris Cell Culture Techniques Cells Culture Media Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral Distemper Virus, Canine Eagle Fetal Bovine Serum Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect Freezing HEK293 Cells Infection Influenza A virus Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells Mycoplasma Orthoreoviruses Penicillins PRSS1 protein, human Receptors, Virus RNA Viruses SARS-CoV-2 Satellite Viruses Serine Proteases Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Bunyavirus Strains Streptomycin Technique, Dilution Tissues TMPRSS2 protein, human Vero Cells

Comparative Analysis of LCMV NP Copy Numbers

All statistical analyzes were performed using GraphPad Prism 9 (GraphPad Software, La Jolla, CA). The mean LCMV NP copy numbers and cDNA yields amplified by RCA were compared using a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Dunnett’s multiple-comparison test or an unpaired t-test. value of p < 0.05 were considered to indicate statistical significance.

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Publication 2023

DNA, Complementary Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus prisma

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How can Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) be transmitted to humans?

LCMV is typically transmitted to humans through contact with infected rodents or their urine, droppings, or saliva. The virus can be contracted by handling infected rodents, breathing in viral particles, or consuming contaminated food or water. It's important to take precautions when in areas with known LCMV-infected rodent populations to minimize the risk of exposure.

What are the common symptoms of Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection in humans?

How can PubCompare.ai help researchers studying Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV)?

PubCompare.ai allows researchers studying LCMV to screen protocol literature more efficiently and leverage AI to pinpoint critical insights. The platform's AI-driven analysis can help researchers identify the most effective protocols related to LCMV for their specific research goals. By highlighting key differences in protocol effectiveness, PubCompare.ai enables researchers to choose the best option for reproducibility and accruacy, streamlining their LCMV research.

Are there different variations or types of Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV)?

Yes, there are different strains or variants of LCMV that have been identified. While the basic characteristics of the virus may be similar, some strains may exhibit slight differences in virulence, transmissibility, or clinical manifestations. Understanding the specific LCMV variant involved in a case or research study can help inform the appropriate treatment approach and research strategies.

More about "Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus"

Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) is a rodent-borne arenavirus that can infect humans and cause a flu-like illness known as lymphocytic choriomeningitis.
This virus is typically transmitted through contact with infected rodents or their urine, droppings, or saliva.
Symptoms may include fever, headache, muscle aches, and fatigue.
In severe cases, LCMV can lead to meningitis or encephalitis, which can have serious consequences, especially for immunocompromised individuals.
Researchers studying LCMV can utilize various tools and techniques to optimize their research.
The FACSAria II flow cytometer, for example, is a powerful instrument that can be used to analyze and sort cells, including those infected with LCMV.
C57BL/6 mice are a common mouse model used in LCMV research, as they are susceptible to the virus.
The Cytofix/Cytoperm kit and Brefeldin A can be used to detect intracellular proteins in LCMV-infected cells, while the GolgiPlug reagent can be used to inhibit protein secretion.
CFSE is a fluorescent dye that can be used to track cell division and proliferation in LCMV studies.
The C57BL/6J mouse strain is also frequently used in LCMV research, and the FACSAria and FACSCalibur flow cytometers are other common instruments employed in these studies.
By utilizing these tools and techniques, researchers can enhance the reproducibility and accuracy of their LCMV research, leading to more robust and reliable findings.
PubCompare.ai is a valuable resource that can help researchers optimize their LCMV studies.
This AI-driven tool allows researchers to locate the best protocols from literature, preprints, and patents, enabling them to streamline their research and improve their chances of success.
With the insights and tools available, researchers can make significant strides in understanding and addressing the challenges posed by this important viral pathogen.