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Cauliflower

Cauliflower is a versatile and nutritious vegetable that belongs to the Brassica family.
It is characterized by its dense, compact head of white or creamy-white florets, surrounded by green leaves.
Cauliflower is rich in vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants, making it a valuable addition to a healthy diet.
It is commonly used in a variety of cuisines, both raw and cooked, and can be prepared in numerous ways, such as roasting, steaming, or incorporating into soups and casseroles.
Cauliflower also has potential health benefits, including anti-inflammatory properties and the ability to support detoxification processes in the body.
Resarchers continue to explore the nuteritonal and medicinal potental of this remarkable vegetale.

Most cited protocols related to «Cauliflower»

Comprehensive Dietary Assessment Protocol

The FFQ was designed to assess habitual diet over the past year, with emphasis on fish consumption and a traditional diet in the study population. Questions were asked about the intake of milk, coffee, orange juice, soft drinks, yoghurt, breakfast cereal, bread, fat on bread, toppings for open sandwiches (jam, cheeses, meat and fish products), fruit, vegetables, potatoes, rice, pasta, rice porridge, fish and fish products, shellfish, condiments and sauces for fish, meat and poultry, eggs, ice cream, cakes, desserts, chocolate, snacks, alcoholic beverages, and dietary supplements. Similar items were grouped together in blocks with question headings. The response options were predefined and listed in increasing order with check-boxes to facilitate completion and optical reading. For example, the items listed under the question "How often do you eat fruit?" were "apples/pears", "oranges", "bananas", and "other fruit" with the following options: "never/rarely", "1–3 per month", "1 per week", "2–4 per week", "5–6 per week", "1 per day", and "2+ per day". The first alternative for consumption frequencies was always "never/rarely", but the number of options ranged from 4 to 7 depending on the food. When convenient, the questions were phrased in terms of natural units, such as glasses (milk, fruit juice, soft drinks, and wine), cups (coffee), slices (bread), or number (eggs and potatoes). Separate questions about the usual amounts consumed were included for fat on bread, vegetables, fish and fish products, sauces and condiments for fish, meat and meat products, ice cream, chocolate, and cod liver oil supplements. The number of response options ranged from 3 to 5 with units in pieces, slices, decilitres, florets (broccoli and cauliflower), or spoonfuls. The dietary intake computations included a total of 132 questions in the FFQ (consumption frequencies = 91, types of fat used on bread = 7, amounts = 28, and time of year for the consumption of different species of fish = 6). A detailed list of the food items, including a specification of those with a separate amount question, can be found in Additional file 1. The original version of the test-retest FFQ is shown in Additional file 2.

Parr C.L., Veierød M.B., Laake P., Lund E, & Hjartåker A. (2006). Test-retest reproducibility of a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and estimated effects on disease risk in the Norwegian Women and Cancer Study (NOWAC). Nutrition Journal, 5, 4.

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Publication 2006

Alcoholic Beverages Banana Bread Broccoli Cacao Cauliflower Cereals Cheese Coffee Condiments Diet Dietary Supplements Eggs Eyeglasses Fishes Fish Products Food Fowls, Domestic Fruit Fruit Juices Ice Cream Meat Meat Products Milk, Cow's Oil, Cod Liver Oryza sativa Paste Pears Potato Shellfish Snacks Soft Drinks Vegetables Vision Wine Yogurt

Brain Responses to Imagined Food Intake

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Publication 2010

Aubergine Brain Cauliflower Eyeglasses Eye Movements fMRI Food Food, Processed Fruit Grapes Hair Hunger Neoplasm Metastasis Obesity Peach Vegetables Water Consumption

4D CT-Based Atrial Dynamics and LAA Morphology

The 4D CT scans described above were imported into itk-SNAP (Yushkevich et al., 2006 (link)) and a segmentation was created using the semi-automatic active contour segmentation method. The PVs were clipped by manually choosing planes for each time frame; similarly, the LV and aorta were clipped off and the LAA was identified. From each 3D segmentation, a surface triangulation was extracted in MATLAB, smoothed and resampled to the resolution required for the CFD using iso2mesh (Qianqian and Boas, 2009 ) (an example is shown in Supplementary Figure 1). For each subject, the point cloud of vertices of the largest-LA-volume time frame was used as a reference surface and registered to the point clouds from the other time frames using the Coherent Point Drift algorithm (Myronenko and Song, 2010 (link)). The location of the centroid of each triangle was established by Fourier interpolation with N_FOU = 6 modes to match the temporal resolution of our CFD solver. This 4D kinematic LA model provides the position and velocity of the centroids of the triangles discretizing the LA surface at all times.
Indices of atrial function were calculated from CT images using standard definitions based on chamber volume, as well as on the waveforms of PV and transmitral flow (Hoit, 2014 (link); Table 1). LA sphericity was calculated as described by Bisbal et al. (2013) (link). The morphology of the LAA was categorized as one of the four types previously proposed by Di Biase et al. (2012) (link) (chicken wing, cactus, windsock or cauliflower) by a cardiologist with expertise in cardiac CT interpretation. The LAA segmentations were skeletonized using the MATLAB image processing toolbox at each reconstructed phase of the cardiac cycle, and the branches of the skeleton were pruned, segmented and labeled automatically (Figure 1). The number of LAA lobes and the length of each lobe were measured (Table 2).

García-Villalba M., Rossini L., Gonzalo A., Vigneault D., Martinez-Legazpi P., Durán E., Flores O., Bermejo J., McVeigh E., Kahn A.M, & del Álamo J.C. (2021). Demonstration of Patient-Specific Simulations to Assess Left Atrial Appendage Thrombogenesis Risk. Frontiers in Physiology, 12, 596596.

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Publication 2021

Aorta Atrial Function bismuth dimercaptopropanol Boa Cactaceae Cardiologists Cauliflower Chickens Four-Dimensional Computed Tomography Heart Reading Frames Skeleton

Cervical Cancer Screening in Ethiopia

Family Guidance Association of Ethiopia (FGAE) is one of the leading non-governmental providers of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) care in Ethiopia. FGAE has 20 medium SRH clinics and 27 youth centers across Ethiopia. This study was conducted at Jimma model clinic (JMC), one of the 20 medium SRH clinics of FGAE, Jimma town, 350 km southwest of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia’s capital. The catchment area of the clinic is Jimma town and surrounding districts. The clinic started opportunistic screening of females aged 25–45 years on September 2012 as per cervical cancer prevention guideline for low-resource settings [7 ]. Thus, after proper counseling of clients aged 25–45 years who came for medical or reproductive health services, those with free will were screened with 5 % acetic acid and test positive cryotherapy eligible clients were treated with cryotherapy while cryotherapy ineligible clients and those with lesions suspicious for cancer were referred to Jimma University specialized hospital (JUSH). Diagnostic criteria were as per cervical cancer prevention guideline for low-resource settings and screening results were defined as:
VIA positive: presence of raised and thickened white plaques or acetowhite epithelium, usually near the Squamo-columnar junction (SCJ).
VIA negative: presence of smooth, pink, uniform and featureless cervix; cervical ectropion; polyp; cervicitis; inflammation; and/or nabothian cyst after applying a dilute solution of acetic acid.
Eligible for cryotherapy: acetowhite lesion <75 % of cervix; lesion does not extend onto the vaginal wall; and lesion extends <2 mm beyond the diameter of the cryoprobe.
Ineligible for cryotherapy: acetowhite lesion >75 % of cervix; lesion extends into the vaginal wall; lesion extends >2 mm beyond the diameter of the cryotip and lesion suspicious for cancer.
Suspicious for cancer: presence of cauliflower-like growth or ulcer; fungating and bleeding mass.
Primary data was registered on standard client evaluation form for cervical cancer prevention service by trained general practioner and nurse. Ethical approval was obtained from ethical review board of Jimma University. A letter of support was obtained from JMC. Client records were treated confidentially and name of clients was not included in the data collection. After checking for integrity and plausibility, data was collected from standard client evaluation form for cervical cancer prevention service on checklist for retrieving data from September 11, 2013 to October 11, 2013 and transferred to Epidata. Double entry verification was also made and the entered data was exported to SPSS version 16.0 for analysis. Descriptive analysis of variables involved was done and Logistic regression was employed for identifying predictors of VIA positive result.

Deksissa Z.M., Tesfamichael F.A, & Ferede H.A. (2015). Prevalence and factors associated with VIA positive result among clients screened at Family Guidance Association of Ethiopia, south west area office, Jimma model clinic, Jimma, Ethiopia 2013: a cross-sectional study. BMC Research Notes, 8, 618.

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Publication 2015

Acetic Acid Cauliflower Cervical Cancer Cervix Uteri Cryotherapy Cyst Diagnosis Ectropion Epithelium Ethical Review Females Inflammation Malignant Neoplasms Neck Nurses Polyps Reproduction Reproductive Health Services Senile Plaques Sexual Health Ulcer Uterine Cervicitis Vagina Youth

COVID-19 Impact on Indian Vegetable Farmers

India reported its first case of COVID-19 on January 30th 2020, and early response measures related to the limiting of international travel and health system preparedness. It was only with increasing cases in late March that individual states ordered lockdowns, and on March 24th 2020 a full national lockdown was ordered, extended several times and still in place at the time of writing, though with relaxations applied according to the severity of COVID-19 in different zones. The lockdown coincided with peak harvest (Rabi) season for certain fruits and vegetables in many parts of India (FAO 2020 ), and agricultural work was largely allowed to continue, with agricultural operations remaining out of the purview of the COVID-19 lockdown restrictions (Padhee and Pingali 2020 ) except in active containment zone areas. Public and private transport restrictions however limited the domestic movement of seasonal workers and agricultural inputs, especially crop protection products, and significant negative impact was realized in terms of accessing markets for sales. Sudden closure of outlets left vegetable producers with reduced customer base, with street food vendors, restaurants and supermarkets mandated to close, though small food shops and open-air markets were allowed to open with time restrictions (GAIN 2020 ).
The current study was undertaken with farmers engaged in existing, forthcoming, and recently concluded projects with the World Vegetable Center (WorldVeg) in four Indian states (Table 1). Data were collected between May 5th–12th 2020, six weeks into the national lockdown and in the early stages of various government relief packages. In Jharkhand, about 10% of the vegetable produce was procured by the project itself during the lockdown; about 14% of the farmers we interviewed in Jharkhand were part of this initiative, and the JOHAR project was explicitly working with women farmers. In Andhra Pradesh, about 10% of the tomatoes produced were supplied to a processing factory through the project and its partners; about 50% of the farmers we interviewed in Andhra Pradesh were part of this initiative.Table 1

Overview of project contexts

State	Project acronym	Aims	Vegetables
Jharkhand	JOHAR	Enhancing productivity through on farm demonstration and skills building (mainly women)	Multiple¹
Jharkhand	CInI	Empowering and supporting farmers through better communities of practice	Multiple¹
Assam	APART	Adding value and improving resilience of selected agriculture value chains	Multiple²
Andhra Pradesh	GIC	Enhancing the production, productivity and profitability of value chains	Tomato
Karnataka	Bhoo Samruddhi	Improving the farm productivity and livelihood of smallholder farmers	Multiple³
Karnataka	RKVY	Increasing the income of farmers through effective technological interventions across the value chain	Onion

Notes: Project acronyms: Jharkhand Opportunities for Harnessing Rural Growth (JOHAR); Improved Livelihoods through Crop Diversification into Vegetables in Jharkhand and Odisha (CInI); Assam Agribusiness & Rural Transformation Project (APART); Green Innovation Centre (GIC); Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY)

¹Tomato, Eggplant, Chili, Cabbage, Cauliflower, French bean, Green peas, Carrot, Okra, Cucumber, Bitter gourd, Bottle gourd and Watermelon

²Eggplant, Cabbage, Cauliflower, Tomato, Pumpkin, Black gram, Lentil and Pea

³Tomato, Chili, Capsicum, Cluster bean, Onion

Harris J., Depenbusch L., Pal A.A., Nair R.M, & Ramasamy S. (2020). Food system disruption: initial livelihood and dietary effects of COVID-19 on vegetable producers in India. Food Security, 12(4), 841-851.

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Publication 2020

Allium cepa Aubergine Cabbage Capsicum Carrots Cauliflower COVID 19 Crop, Avian Cucumbers Cyamopsis tetragonoloba Farmers Food Fruit Lentils Momordica charantia Movement Okra Peas Phaseolus vulgaris Pumpkins Tomatoes Vegetables Vigna mungo Woman Women, Working Workers

Most recents protocols related to «Cauliflower»

Impact of Fiber-Rich Ingredients on Meat Products

Fiber addition to meat products has changed their overall composition, which has led to the development of new fiber sources and opened up exciting prospects for their application across several industries. The use of dried pumpkin pulp reduced the patties’ moisture content and raised their ash content. Raw and cooked patties both had a higher pH after incorporation. The capacity to retain moisture improved, as the amount of dry pumpkin pulp added rose. The cooking yield and diameter change, when pumpkin pulp was added were not significantly different (Serdaroğlu et al., 2018 (link)). This increase in ash content of meat product was probably due to higher mineral content of pumpkin matrix. As meat ash content rises, it could help end specific mineral deficiency. Trace minerals (iron, zinc, selenium, iodine, copper, chromium, manganese and molybdenum) perform vital functions within the body including thyroid metabolism, antioxidant activity and immune function (Vural et al., 2020 (link)). For example, zinc (Zn) is the second most abundant trace element in human, which can’t be stored in the body, thus regular dietary intake is required Zn microelement is very essential for male fertility. It could be considered as a nutrient marker with many potentials in prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of male infertility (Fallah, Mohammad-Hasani & Colagar, 2018 (link)). In one study, protein content, mineral content, and crude fiber content were increased by the incorporation of white cauliflower by-product flour in beef sausage; pH was found to be increased by the incorporation of flour made from the upper stem of white cauliflower. The cooking yield was also increased gradually with the incorporation of white cauliflower stem powder, because of its water yielding property (Abul-Fadl, 2012 ). The quantity of protein and fat in emulsified pork meatballs reduced as rice bran was added. In contrast, the amount of carbohydrates in the meatballs grew dramatically as rice bran was added (Choi et al., 2011 (link)). The protein level of frankfurter beef sausages was raised by one percentage point, and the ash content was raised dramatically when 7% of the residue was added. The benefits of increased ash content has already been discussed in previous example. Furthermore, overall lipid levels dropped, and this reduction in lipid provided longer shelf life by cutting down the chance of lipid oxidation. The question of what sort of quality this residue adds to the protein remains unanswered (Savadkoohi et al., 2014 (link)). A few other examples are showing the changes in different characteristics of meat products by incorporating various plant-based materials, especially waste, have been listed in Table 1.

Haque A., Ahmad S., Azad Z.R., Adnan M, & Ashraf S.A. (2023). Incorporating dietary fiber from fruit and vegetable waste in meat products: a systematic approach for sustainable meat processing and improving the functional, nutritional and health attributes. PeerJ, 11, e14977.

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Publication 2023

Antioxidant Activity Beef Carbohydrates Cauliflower Chromium Copper Dental Pulp Diagnosis Fertility Fibrosis Flour Homo sapiens Human Body Immune System Processes Iodine Iron Lipids Male Infertility Males Manganese Meat Meat Products Metabolism Minerals Molybdenum Nutrients Oryza sativa Plants Pork Powder Proteins Pumpkins Selenium Stem, Plant Thyroid Gland Trace Elements Trace Minerals Zinc

Dietary Fiber: Natural Antioxidants for Meat

Dietary fiber is derived from plant sources, especially agro-waste. These dietary fibers are an excellent source of natural antioxidants and may serve to improve the shelf life of meat products when incorporated into them. Antioxidants are an additive used in meat products that could be substituted with natural antioxidants obtained from DF. These substances prevent the oxidation of lipids, proteins, and pigments in foods, extending their shelf life and maintaining the food’s original color, texture, aroma, flavor, and overall quality (Damodaran & Parkin, 2017 (link)). Many fruit and vegetable wastes are the attractive source of DF. When these wastes included in different meat products, the DF content was noticed as in one of the studies, Mosambi (sweet lime) peel powder was incorporated in sausages and patties at various levels. After incorporation, 7.33% and 6.24% of total DF were found in sausage and patties, respectively (Younis, Ahmad & Malik, 2021 (link)). Similarly, in other study, 3% DF was found by incorporating the upper stem of white cauliflower (7.5%) in beef sausage (Abul-Fadl, 2012 ). While, in another study, 2.94% DF was found when 40% oyster mushroom was added in chicken sausage (Ahmad et al., 2020 (link)) as shown in Fig. 1. The inclusion of dietary fiber in meat products also helps in health management. Waste from fruits and vegetables includes phytic acid (Jayadev, 2017 (link); Ani & Abel, 2018 (link)), which acts as a cation exchange component and a mineral chelator for positively charged ions like cadmium, calcium, zinc, and copper (Ekholm et al., 2003 (link)). Chelating agents can influence metal toxicity by mobilizing the toxic metal mainly into the urine (Flora & Pachauri, 2010 (link)).
Dietary phytochemicals are substances derived from plants that are not considered nutrients but have been connected with a lower risk of developing certain chronic diseases (Liu, 2004 (link)). When these phytochemicals are ingested consistently through food, they even have the potential to protect against some malignancies and cardiovascular illnesses (Okarter & Liu, 2010 (link)). Soluble dietary fiber, such as barley and oats, protects against heart-related disorders and certain malignancies, and lowers total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (Pins, 2006 (link)). Insoluble dietary fiber, such that found in wheat bran, has been demonstrated to reduce the risk of colon cancer, as well as the risk of developing other cancer, obesity, and gastro-intestinal issues (Stevenson et al., 2012 (link)).

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Publication 2023

Antioxidants Barley Beef Cadmium Calcium, Dietary calcium oxide Cancer of Colon Cardiovascular System Cauliflower Chelating Agents Chickens Cholesterol Cholesterol, beta-Lipoprotein Copper Dietary Fiber Disease, Chronic Flavor Enhancers Food Food Coloring Agents Fruit Heart Diseases Heavy Metal Poisonings Intestines Ions Lipids Malignant Neoplasms Meat Products Minerals Nutrients Oats Obesity PARK2 protein, human Phytic Acid Phytochemicals Pigmentation Plants Pleurotus ostreatus Powder Proteins Scents SERPINA3 protein, human Stem, Plant Stomach Urine Vegetables Wheat Bran Zinc

Isolation and Identification of Xanthomonas campestris

The X. campestris pv. campestris strain RC1 used in this work was isolated as reported in [24 (link)], from symptomatic cauliflower leaves sampled from a field in the Veneto Region in the municipality of Padova. The identification of the bacterium was carried out by sequencing the 16S region [25 (link)] and the hrpF gene [26 (link)] with the primer pairs 27F (5′-AGAGTTTGATCCTGGCTCAG-3′)—1492R (5′-GGTTACCTTGTTACGACTT-3′) and XCF (5′-CGATTCGGCCATGAATGACT-3′)—XCR 5′-CTGTTGATGGTGGTCTGCAA-3′, respectively.

Caracciolo R., Sella L., De Zotti M., Bolzonello A., Armellin M., Trainotti L., Favaron F, & Tundo S. (2023). Efficacy of Trichoderma longibrachiatum Trichogin GA IV Peptaibol analogs against the Black Rot Pathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris and other Phytopathogenic Bacteria. Microorganisms, 11(2), 480.

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Publication 2023

Bacteria Cauliflower Genes Oligonucleotide Primers Strains

Landscape Habitats Surrounding Apple Orchards

Landscape elements, such as semi-natural habitats, around the experimental orchards were recorded as such areas are a key factor for bee conservation [100 (link),101 (link),102 (link)]. Therefore, habitats (including semi-natural) in the proximity (at the border line) of the experimental apple orchards were recorded and are presented below. The annual plant species mentioned were in bloom after apple flowering (mid-May).
Neighboring habitats to the organic palmette apple (OP) orchard. These habitats included: (a) uncultivated area with Cardaria draba (L.) Desv. (Brassicaceae), Vicia sativa L. (Fabaceae), Galium aparine L. (Rubiaceae), Euphorbia sp. (Euphorbiaceae), Scabiosa sp. (Caprifoliaceae), Medicago polymorpha L. (Fabaceae), Cirsium sp. (Asteraceae), Brassicaceae (e.g., Sinapis sp., Raphanus sp.), Daucus carota L. (Apiaceae), Ranunculus sp. (Ranunculaceae), Echium sp. (Boraginaceae); (b) uncultivated area mainly with Trifolium repens L. (Fabaceae) and Avena sterilis L. (Poaceae), and small numbers of Lamium amplexicaule L. (Lamiaceae), C. draba, Euphorbia sp., Ranunculus sp., Brasicaceae and V. sativa; (c) a cultivated cherry orchard; (d) an abandoned old cherry orchard; (e) natural hedges of wild Prunus avium L. (Rosaceae) and Rubus sp. (Rosaceae); (f) hedge-field margin of Rubus sp., Poaceae (e.g., A. sterilis), L. amplexicaule, Vicia villosa Roth. (Fabaceae), and Scabiosa sp.
Neighboring habitats of the organic goblet apple (OG) orchard. These semi-natural habitats included: (a) a cherry orchard and groundcover mainly with T. repens and M. polymorpha; (b) forest trees of hawthorns, walnuts wild sour cherries, brambles, wild roses and annual plants of V. villosa, Scabiosa sp., T. repens, Anthemis sp. (Asteraceae), Vinca sp. (Apocynaceae), Papaver sp. (Papaveraceae), D. carota, A. sterilis, Cirsium sp., M. polymorpha; (c) an abandoned old cherry orchard.
Neighboring habitats of the IPM apple orchard. These habitats included: (a) an apple orchard and groundcover mainly with Matricaria chamomilla L. (Asteraceae); (b) a cherry orchard; (c) a cultivated area with cabbage, cauliflower and other vegetables such as peppers, eggplants, rocket, potatoes and plants such as M. chamomilla, Capsella bursa-pastoris L. (Brassicaceae), Veronica persica Poir. (Plantaginaceae), Ranunculus sp.

Barda M., Karamaouna F., Kati V, & Perdikis D. (2023). Do Patches of Flowering Plants Enhance Insect Pollinators in Apple Orchards?. Insects, 14(2), 208.

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Publication 2023

A-factor (Streptomyces) Anthemis Apiaceae Apocynaceae Asteraceae Aubergine Boraginaceae Brassicaceae Cabbage Caprifoliaceae Capsella bursa pastoris Carrots Cauliflower Cirsium Daucus carota Echium Euphorbia Euphorbiaceae Fabaceae factor A Forests Galium aparine Hawthorn Juglans Lamiaceae Matricaria chamomilla Medicago Oats Papaver Papaveraceae Piper nigrum Plantaginaceae Plants Poaceae Prunus avium Prunus cerasus Ranunculaceae Ranunculus Raphanus Rosa Rosaceae Rubiaceae Rubus Scabiosa Sinapis Solanum tuberosum Trees Trifolium repens Vegetables Veronica Vicia Vicia sativa Vinca

Evaluating Vegetable Families' Moisture Content

The selection of vegetable families for evaluation was made according to the degree of their consumption in the western region of Romania. The selected vegetable families were the following: Solanacee (tomato—L. esculentum, bell pepper—C. annuum, eggplant—S. melongena, potato—S. tuberosum); Brassicaceae (cauliflower—Brassica oleracea, white cabbage—Brassica oleracea var. capitata, kohlrabi—Brassica oleracea var. gongyloides.); Apiaceae (parsley—P. crispum, carrot—Daucus carota subsp. Sativus, celery—A. graveolens); Amaryllidaceae (garlic—A. sativum, onion—A. cepa). The same vegetable families were purchased from local producers in Timis County, Timisoara agro-food market (domestic product—d.p.), and from supermarkets in Timisoara (imported product—i.p.).
After purchase, the vegetable samples were subjected to a conditioning operation to remove impurities (soil or remnants of vegetation, etc.), followed by washing with high-quality reagent water (resistivity 18.2 MΩ·cm⁻¹). Vegetable samples were minced using a polypropylene manual grater, then mixed to homogenize the composition and stored in porcelain containers until the analysis. For the determination of the dry matter, 100 g of each sample of vegetables prepared as described above were weighed to the nearest ±0.001 g in porcelain dishes which had been previously cleaned, and dried to a constant weight. The containers with the vegetable samples were kept in a drying chamber (BINDER GmbH, Tuttlingen, Germany,) at 105 °C for 6 h. After this time, the containers with the vegetable samples were removed from the oven and cooled in a desiccator with a drying agent. This step was repeated until the difference between the last two successive weights did not exceed ± 0.001 g [24 (link)]. Moisture and dry-matter content were calculated according to Formulas (1) and (2) [29 (link)]:

Humidity = \frac{{(G}_{1} - G_{2})}{{(G}_{1} - G_{3})} \cdot 100 (%)

where
G₁ is the weight of the porcelain container and sample before drying;
G₂ is the weight of the porcelain container and sample after drying;
G₃ is the weight of the porcelain container.

Heghedűș-Mîndru G., Negrea P., Trașcă T.I., Ștef D.S., Cocan I, & Heghedűș-Mîndru R.C. (2023). Food Intake of Macro and Trace Elements from Different Fresh Vegetables Taken from Timisoara Market, Romania—Chemometric Analysis of the Results. Foods, 12(4), 749.

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Publication 2023

Amaryllidaceae Apiaceae Apium graveolens var. dulce Aubergine Bell Pepper Brassica Brassicaceae Cabbage Carrots Cauliflower Daucus carota Dental Porcelain Desiccants Diet, Formula Food Garlic Humidity Hyperostosis, Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Onions Petroselinum crispum Polypropylenes Solanum tuberosum Tomatoes Vegetables

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