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Diet Drinks
Diet drinks refer to beverages that are low in calories and often sweetened with artificial or natural sweeteners instead of sugar.
These drinks are designed to provide a tasty option for individuals looking to reduce their calorie intake, particularly those managing diabetes, obesity, or other health conditions.
The research on the efficacy and safety of diet drinks is ongoing, with studies examining their impact on weight management, metabolic health, and potential side effects.
PubCompare.ai's AI-driven platform can help researchers optimize their inquiries into diet drinkls, easily locating relevant protocols from the literature, preprints, and patents, and leveraging AI-powered comparisons to identify the best protocols and products for their needs.
Take your research on diet drinks to the nect level with PubCompare.ai's intuitive and efficent tools.
These drinks are designed to provide a tasty option for individuals looking to reduce their calorie intake, particularly those managing diabetes, obesity, or other health conditions.
The research on the efficacy and safety of diet drinks is ongoing, with studies examining their impact on weight management, metabolic health, and potential side effects.
PubCompare.ai's AI-driven platform can help researchers optimize their inquiries into diet drinkls, easily locating relevant protocols from the literature, preprints, and patents, and leveraging AI-powered comparisons to identify the best protocols and products for their needs.
Take your research on diet drinks to the nect level with PubCompare.ai's intuitive and efficent tools.
Most cited protocols related to «Diet Drinks»
Alcoholic Beverages
Amniotic Fluid
Beer
Beverages
Black Tea
Carbohydrates
Coffee
Diet Drinks
Eating
Energy Drinks
Fat-Restricted Diet
Food
Light
Macronutrient
Milk
Soft Drinks
Vegetable Juices
Water Consumption
Wine
Each line in part 1 of the FFQ is mapped to up to six food codes. Decisions regarding which food codes to use were based on data from UK government surveys and other UK population data.7 (link)
9
10 These decisions were based on data for individuals aged 40–74 years.7 (link) Data for portion weights were sourced from UK population data and weighed records in 40–74-year-old study participants.7 (link)
11
The EPIC-Norfolk FFQ uses 290 foods from the UK food composition database, McCance and Widdowson's ‘The Composition of Foods’ (5th edition) and its associated supplements.12–21 A number of new food items were added to the EPIC-Norfolk FFQ food list, which are used in the FETA and CAFÉ programmes. These include low-calorie/diet fizzy drinks and crunchy oat cereal, as well as modified home-baked and fried foods (without their fat), to enable an individual's fat type, as recorded in part 2 of the FFQ, to be incorporated. However, the nutrient data of six of the nine new foods used in the CAFÉ programme were modified in FETA. These foods include crunchy oat cereal, milk non-specific, low-calorie/diet fizzy drinks, solid vegetable oil, Crisp ‘n Dry (solid fat), and oil and fat non-specific. Modifications to the nutrient data were made to ensure a more accurate nutrient profile and/or to better reflect the foods consumed, in the case of non-specific items, such as milk and oil/fat; these changes relate to nutrient/food data at the time of FFQ completion.
9
10 These decisions were based on data for individuals aged 40–74 years.7 (link) Data for portion weights were sourced from UK population data and weighed records in 40–74-year-old study participants.7 (link)
11
The EPIC-Norfolk FFQ uses 290 foods from the UK food composition database, McCance and Widdowson's ‘The Composition of Foods’ (5th edition) and its associated supplements.12–21 A number of new food items were added to the EPIC-Norfolk FFQ food list, which are used in the FETA and CAFÉ programmes. These include low-calorie/diet fizzy drinks and crunchy oat cereal, as well as modified home-baked and fried foods (without their fat), to enable an individual's fat type, as recorded in part 2 of the FFQ, to be incorporated. However, the nutrient data of six of the nine new foods used in the CAFÉ programme were modified in FETA. These foods include crunchy oat cereal, milk non-specific, low-calorie/diet fizzy drinks, solid vegetable oil, Crisp ‘n Dry (solid fat), and oil and fat non-specific. Modifications to the nutrient data were made to ensure a more accurate nutrient profile and/or to better reflect the foods consumed, in the case of non-specific items, such as milk and oil/fat; these changes relate to nutrient/food data at the time of FFQ completion.
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Cereals
Dietary Supplements
Diet Drinks
Food
LINE-1 Elements
Milk, Cow's
Nutrients
Vegetable Oils
We obtained data on purchases from January 2012 through December 2014 from Nielsen Mexico’s Consumer Panel Services, which is equivalent to the data from the US Nielsen Homescan panel.28 (link) In the US, Nielsen Homescan data have been used in several studies, including some that have linked purchases to data on nutrition labels to determine the caloric content of purchases and to evaluate industry efforts.29 (link)
30 (link) However, linking purchases to nutrition data is currently not possible in Mexico owing to the lack of comprehensive data sources related to labeling. Therefore we focused on changes in the volumes of beverages purchased.
Each year the Nielsen Mexico Consumer Panel Services samples Mexican households in 53 cities (in 28 states plus Mexico City) with more than 50 000 inhabitants. Based on government statistics, this sample represents 63% of the Mexican population and 75% of food and beverage expenditures in 2014.31 The original dataset contained 205 827 household-month observations from 6286 households. We used complete case analysis; 715 observations (0.3%) were dropped because of missing information on the highest educational attainment of the heads of the households. Consequently, our analytic sample included 205 112 household months across 6253 households, of which 86% participated in all rounds. Each household is weighted based on household composition, locality, and socioeconomic measures through iterative proportional fitting to match demographic estimates from the National Institute of Statistics and Geography (Instituto Nacional de Estadística Geografía e Informática, INEGI). Enumerators visited the households every two weeks to collect diaries, product packaging from special bins provided for this study (scanned by the enumerators), and receipts, and to carry out pantry surveys. Bar code information provided all other data.
For descriptive purposes, we categorized the sample into the six regions used by INEGI: central north, central south, Mexico City, north east, north west, and south. The variables we used in the analysis included demographic information on household composition (age and sex of each household member) and socioeconomic status; information that is updated annually. Socioeconomic status groups (low, middle, and high) were based on a six category measure derived from annually updated questions on household ownership of assets (for example, number of bathrooms, number of bedrooms, number of vehicles owned) and education attainment of the head of the household. Onto the Nielsen Mexico Consumer Panel Services data we overlaid two contextual measures: the state’s quarterly unemployment rate from INEGI,32 and the two economic minimum daily salary for each year from Mexico’s National Commission of Minimum Salaries33 (after adjusting for state and quarter specific inflation from INEGI’s consumer price indices,www.inegi.org.mx/est/contenidos/proyectos/inp/inpc.aspx ).
In this analysis we used the purchase of beverages by each household between 1 January 2012 and 31 December 2014. Data from the Nielsen Mexico Consumer Panel Services include the number of units purchased and the volume and price of each unit. From these we totalled the monthly volume and beverage categories each household purchased across each of the 36 months. Then we calculated the volume per capita per day for interpretability. Our beverage categories followed the 2012 National Health and Nutrition Survey (Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición) groupings for beverage intake as much as possible22 (link)
34 ; these were further grouped into larger categories or subgrouped as described in supplemental table 1. We classified products into beverage categories in 2014 based on product descriptions and sources available on the internet and in stores. In this study we focus on the top level taxed and untaxed beverages. Our two categories for taxed beverages were carbonated sodas and non-carbonated sugar sweetened beverages, and our three categories for untaxed beverages were carbonated drinks such as diet sodas; sparkling, still, or plain water; and other drinks, including unsweetened dairy beverages and fruit juices. The Consumer Panel Services did not collect information on purchases of dairy products from all of the sampled households until October 2012 (personal communication). Therefore we limited our analyses of the categories “other untaxed drinks” and “overall untaxed beverages” to October 2012 through December 2014.
30 (link) However, linking purchases to nutrition data is currently not possible in Mexico owing to the lack of comprehensive data sources related to labeling. Therefore we focused on changes in the volumes of beverages purchased.
Each year the Nielsen Mexico Consumer Panel Services samples Mexican households in 53 cities (in 28 states plus Mexico City) with more than 50 000 inhabitants. Based on government statistics, this sample represents 63% of the Mexican population and 75% of food and beverage expenditures in 2014.31 The original dataset contained 205 827 household-month observations from 6286 households. We used complete case analysis; 715 observations (0.3%) were dropped because of missing information on the highest educational attainment of the heads of the households. Consequently, our analytic sample included 205 112 household months across 6253 households, of which 86% participated in all rounds. Each household is weighted based on household composition, locality, and socioeconomic measures through iterative proportional fitting to match demographic estimates from the National Institute of Statistics and Geography (Instituto Nacional de Estadística Geografía e Informática, INEGI). Enumerators visited the households every two weeks to collect diaries, product packaging from special bins provided for this study (scanned by the enumerators), and receipts, and to carry out pantry surveys. Bar code information provided all other data.
For descriptive purposes, we categorized the sample into the six regions used by INEGI: central north, central south, Mexico City, north east, north west, and south. The variables we used in the analysis included demographic information on household composition (age and sex of each household member) and socioeconomic status; information that is updated annually. Socioeconomic status groups (low, middle, and high) were based on a six category measure derived from annually updated questions on household ownership of assets (for example, number of bathrooms, number of bedrooms, number of vehicles owned) and education attainment of the head of the household. Onto the Nielsen Mexico Consumer Panel Services data we overlaid two contextual measures: the state’s quarterly unemployment rate from INEGI,32 and the two economic minimum daily salary for each year from Mexico’s National Commission of Minimum Salaries33 (after adjusting for state and quarter specific inflation from INEGI’s consumer price indices,
In this analysis we used the purchase of beverages by each household between 1 January 2012 and 31 December 2014. Data from the Nielsen Mexico Consumer Panel Services include the number of units purchased and the volume and price of each unit. From these we totalled the monthly volume and beverage categories each household purchased across each of the 36 months. Then we calculated the volume per capita per day for interpretability. Our beverage categories followed the 2012 National Health and Nutrition Survey (Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición) groupings for beverage intake as much as possible22 (link)
34 ; these were further grouped into larger categories or subgrouped as described in supplemental table 1. We classified products into beverage categories in 2014 based on product descriptions and sources available on the internet and in stores. In this study we focus on the top level taxed and untaxed beverages. Our two categories for taxed beverages were carbonated sodas and non-carbonated sugar sweetened beverages, and our three categories for untaxed beverages were carbonated drinks such as diet sodas; sparkling, still, or plain water; and other drinks, including unsweetened dairy beverages and fruit juices. The Consumer Panel Services did not collect information on purchases of dairy products from all of the sampled households until October 2012 (personal communication). Therefore we limited our analyses of the categories “other untaxed drinks” and “overall untaxed beverages” to October 2012 through December 2014.
Beverages
Dairy Products
Diet Drinks
Food
Fruit Juices
Head
Head of Household
Households
Sugar-Sweetened Beverages
Beverages
Diet Drinks
Digestive System
FAT1 protein, human
Food
Fruit
Light
Personnel, Hospital
Salads
Saturated Fatty Acid
Vegetables
Whole Grains
Alcohols
Beverages
Carbohydrates
Cereals
Diet Drinks
Food
Food and Beverages
Fruit
Hair
Milk, Cow's
Nuts
Snacks
Sodium Chloride, Dietary
TNFSF10 protein, human
Vegetables
Wheat
Whole Grains
Most recents protocols related to «Diet Drinks»
The reference beverage, an oral glucose solution containing 50 g available carbohydrate, was prepared as 54.9 g Glucodin™ powder (iNova Pharmaceuticals Aust Pty Ltd., NSW, Australia) dissolved in 250 ml water (Table 1 ). The reference beverage was consumed by each participant on three separate occasions (sessions 1, 4, and 6). In addition, participants also tested three different beverage treatments which were consumed with a standardised, high GI meal. A computer-generated research randomiser program determined the randomised consumption order for each of the three meal-with-beverage treatments. Each meal and beverage treatment was consumed on one occasion, with at least 1 day in between consecutive test sessions.
The three beverage treatments were; 330 ml of soda water (Schweppes™, Asahi Beverages, VIC, Australia) that served as a placebo control, diet lemonade soft drink (Schweppes™ Zero Sugar, Asahi Beverages, VIC, Australia), and organic kombucha (The Good Brew Company Pty Ltd., VIC, Australia). The kombucha, which was made from spring water, organic oolong and green tea along with organic sugar, contained a highly complex mix of 200 probiotic species and a high concentration of polyphenols that have been previously characterised (19 (link)). The 330 ml of kombucha beverage contributed an additional 3 g of available carbohydrate (1.7 g of which was sugar) to the test meal, while the soda water and diet lemonade did not contain any sugar. The nutritional compositions of the three meal-with-beverage treatments are shown inTable 1 . The standardised meal provided 50 g available carbohydrate from microwave Jasmine rice (147.2 g, SunRice™, Ricegrowers Ltd., NSW, Australia), with an additional 2.9 g available carbohydrate provided by green peas (20 g, McCain’s™, McCain Foods Aust. Pty Ltd., VIC, Australia) and soy sauce (10 g, Kikkoman Corporation).
The test portion of microwave Jasmine rice and frozen green peas were combined together in a bowl and cooked in the microwave for 1 min on high. The soy sauce was then added to the prepared meal and immediately served to a participant with the appropriate refrigerated test beverage (soda water, diet soft drink or kombucha). The participants were required to consume all food and fluid served and were instructed to consume the test beverage with the meal (ie. alternate mouthfuls of meal and beverage).
Participants were required to consume a carbohydrate-based evening meal, excluding legumes and alcohol, on the evening prior to each test session. On the morning of each session, participants arrived following a 10–12 h overnight fast. Two capillary blood samples (≥0.5 ml blood) were collected from a warmed hand into heparin-coated tubes in the fasted state (−5 and 0 min). Participants then consumed either the reference glucose solution or one of the test meal-with-beverage treatments within 12 min. Additional capillary blood samples were collected at regular intervals (15, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 min) after commencement of the reference solution or test meal. Participants were required to remain seated with minimal movement throughout each 120 min test session.
Each capillary blood sample was centrifuged at 10,000xg for 45 s immediately after collection. The plasma layer was then transferred into an uncoated tube and stored at −30°C for later glucose and insulin analysis. Plasma glucose concentration was measured in duplicate using a glucose hexokinase assay (Beckman Coulter Inc.) on an automatic centrifugal spectrophotometric clinical chemistry analyser (Beckman Coulter AU480®, Beckman Instruments Inc., United States). Plasma insulin concentration was measured using an insulin sandwich type enzyme-linked immunoassay (Insulin ELISA kit, ALPCO®, Salem, NH, United States). All samples for a given participant were analysed within the same assay.
The three beverage treatments were; 330 ml of soda water (Schweppes™, Asahi Beverages, VIC, Australia) that served as a placebo control, diet lemonade soft drink (Schweppes™ Zero Sugar, Asahi Beverages, VIC, Australia), and organic kombucha (The Good Brew Company Pty Ltd., VIC, Australia). The kombucha, which was made from spring water, organic oolong and green tea along with organic sugar, contained a highly complex mix of 200 probiotic species and a high concentration of polyphenols that have been previously characterised (19 (link)). The 330 ml of kombucha beverage contributed an additional 3 g of available carbohydrate (1.7 g of which was sugar) to the test meal, while the soda water and diet lemonade did not contain any sugar. The nutritional compositions of the three meal-with-beverage treatments are shown in
The test portion of microwave Jasmine rice and frozen green peas were combined together in a bowl and cooked in the microwave for 1 min on high. The soy sauce was then added to the prepared meal and immediately served to a participant with the appropriate refrigerated test beverage (soda water, diet soft drink or kombucha). The participants were required to consume all food and fluid served and were instructed to consume the test beverage with the meal (ie. alternate mouthfuls of meal and beverage).
Participants were required to consume a carbohydrate-based evening meal, excluding legumes and alcohol, on the evening prior to each test session. On the morning of each session, participants arrived following a 10–12 h overnight fast. Two capillary blood samples (≥0.5 ml blood) were collected from a warmed hand into heparin-coated tubes in the fasted state (−5 and 0 min). Participants then consumed either the reference glucose solution or one of the test meal-with-beverage treatments within 12 min. Additional capillary blood samples were collected at regular intervals (15, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 min) after commencement of the reference solution or test meal. Participants were required to remain seated with minimal movement throughout each 120 min test session.
Each capillary blood sample was centrifuged at 10,000xg for 45 s immediately after collection. The plasma layer was then transferred into an uncoated tube and stored at −30°C for later glucose and insulin analysis. Plasma glucose concentration was measured in duplicate using a glucose hexokinase assay (Beckman Coulter Inc.) on an automatic centrifugal spectrophotometric clinical chemistry analyser (Beckman Coulter AU480®, Beckman Instruments Inc., United States). Plasma insulin concentration was measured using an insulin sandwich type enzyme-linked immunoassay (Insulin ELISA kit, ALPCO®, Salem, NH, United States). All samples for a given participant were analysed within the same assay.
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Beverages
Biological Assay
BLOOD
Capillaries
Carbohydrates
Carbonated Water
Diet
Diet Drinks
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
Enzyme Immunoassay
Ethanol
Fabaceae
Food
Freezing
Glucose
Green Tea
Heparin
Hexokinase
Insulin
Jasminum
Microwaves
Movement
Oryza sativa
Peas
Pharmaceutical Preparations
Placebos
Plasma
Polyphenols
Powder
Probiotics
Soy Sauce
Spectrophotometry
Inpatients who exhibited a degree of pharyngeal dysphagia characterized by aspiration of thin liquids as observed by instrumental swallow studies (Modified Barium Swallow Study or Fiberoptic Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing) were referred to the study by their primary treating SLP. Patients referred were either on a NPO (nil-per-os; i.e. patients are not allowed to consume food or drinking orally) diet with alternate means of nutrition, or on a PO (per-os; i.e. patients are allowed food or drinking orally) diet with drink and food texture modifications as aligned with the National Dysphagia Diet (NDD)25 (link).
After referral, the principal investigator used the study criteria to further determine candidacy (Table1 ). To be considered, patients needed to be 18 years of age or older, capable of ambulation with a physical or occupational therapist, have overall medical stability, and show no overt signs of discomfort (i.e. excessive coughing or gagging) when drinking thin liquids. The attending physician for each patient was consulted to determine medical stability, which was primarily constituted by the patient being afebrile, hemodynamically stable, having a stable respiratory status, and no known active infection. Excluded from the study were patients with a compromised pulmonary system, including both tracheostomy and ventilator needs, patients with poor oral hygiene status, patients with an absent pharyngeal swallow reflex, and patients with a Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score less than 17; scores less than 17 indicate the presence of moderate to severe cognitive impairment26 (link). Conveniently, the Occupational Therapy department was already collecting MoCA scores for all patients at admission. We used these scores to ensure the cognitive capacity of candidates to adequately understand the rules of the protocol and give informed consent. If a patient was unable to complete the MoCA due to communication deficits, cognitive status was determined by consultation with the patient’s primary therapists, family, and analysis of etiology for hospitalization.
After referral, the principal investigator used the study criteria to further determine candidacy (Table
Enrollment criteria.
| Inclusion criteria: |
|---|
| Aspirates thin liquids as evidenced via videofleuroscopy or fiberoptic endoscopy assessment methods |
| 18 years of age or older |
| Capable of ambulating with physical or occupational therapy |
| Medically stable including: afebrile, hemodynamically stable, stable respiratory status, no active infections nor elevated white blood counts |
| Able to feed self or direct feeder |
| Without overt signs of discomfort (i.e. excessive coughing, gagging) when drinking thin liquids |
| Able to sign an informed consent form |
| Exclusion criteria: |
|---|
| Compromised pulmonary system, i.e. tracheostomy and/or mechanical ventilation requirements |
| Absent pharyngeal swallow reflex |
| Medically unstable including: febrile, active pneumonia, elevated white blood counts |
| Poor oral hygiene status |
| Fluid restrictions due to cardiopulmonary issues |
| A montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) score of less than 17 |
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Barium
Blood
Cognition
Deglutition Disorders
Diet
Diet Drinks
Endoscopy
Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal
Fever
Food
Hospitalization
Infection
Inpatient
Lung
Mechanical Ventilation
Occupational Therapist
Oropharyngeal Dysphagia
Patients
Pharynx
Physical Examination
Pneumonia
Respiratory Rate
Therapies, Occupational
Tracheostomy
In 2015, to calculate the HBI, a method was created by Duffey and Davy [13 ]. This method has 8 categories include diet drinks (including non-calorically sweetened coffee and tea and other artificially sweetened beverages), sugar-sweetened beverages (including fruit drinks, sweetened coffee and tea, and soda), 100% fruit juice, alcohol (including beer, wine, and liquor), full-fat milk (1.5% fat), water, unsweetened coffee and tea, and low-fat milk (1.5% fat, fat-free, and/or soy milk). The score of HBI ranges from 0 to 100. Better compliance with beverage standards is achieved by increasing the HBI scores [13 ]. In this study, we exclude diet drinks and alcohol with a score ranging 0 to 5 from the HBI categories, therefore, the maximum score of HBI was 90.
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Alcohols
Amniotic Fluid
Artificially Sweetened Beverages
Beer
Beverages
Coffee
Diet Drinks
Fat-Restricted Diet
Fruit
Fruit Juices
Milk, Cow's
Soy Milk
Sugar-Sweetened Beverages
Wine
A food checklist was created based on the SA-FBDGs. Foods were grouped into the following seven major food groups: (1) starchy foods, (2) pulses (beans, peas, lentils and soya), (3) dairy, (4) fish, chicken, meat and eggs, (5) vegetables and fruits, (6) fats, oils and foods high in fat and (7) sugar and foods and drinks high in sugar. Dietary data from a validation study of the SA-DPP study (unpublished data) was used to finalise the checklist; therefore, the list contained commonly consumed foods in resource-poor communities in Cape Town, South Africa. The checklist contained raw food, prepared food and fortified products. The food type, brand name, unit and weight, and unit price per rands (ZAR) for each item was recorded on the checklist. The common or medium package size was recorded. For vegetables and fruits, weight per kg was recorded. The South African Food Composition Tables(30 ) were used to obtain energy and nutrient content values per 100 g edible portion. For nutrient values not available in the South African Food Composition Tables, nutrient values were obtained from food manufacturing websites. Foods not considered were non-dairy creamer, diet beverages, tea, coffee, water, energy drinks, as these are mostly low calorie with little nutritional value(26 (link)). The final analysis was based on a total of 116 foods representing the healthy and unhealthy groups based on the SA-FBDGs.
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Carbohydrates
Chickens
Coffee
Diet
Diet Drinks
Eggs
Energy Drinks
Fats
Fishes
Food
Fruit
Lentils
Meat
Nutrients
Oils
Peas
Pulses
Raw Foods
Southern African People
Soybeans
Starch
Vegetables
We used a reliable and validated semi-quantitative standard food frequency questionnaire with 147 food items to assess all individuals’ regular dietary intake during the previous year [19 (link)].
The individuals were asked to report whether they consumed each food item on a daily, weekly, monthly, or yearly basis, based on the information provided in this questionnaire. The average size of each food item in the FFQ was explained to all participants during the face-to-face interview, and they were asked to rate how frequently they consumed each food item based on their standard unit on a daily, weekly, monthly, or yearly basis. We used the NUTRITIONIST 4 (Hearst Corporation, San Bruno, CA) food analyzer to convert the dietary intake data from the food frequency questionnaire into grams and milliliters and to evaluate the dietary intake data. The nutritionist 4 program was used to compute total energy, macronutrients, and micronutrients (Hearst Corporation, San Bruno, CA) [20 ].
Duffey and Davy [5 (link)] established a method to determine the HBI, where, similar to the Healthy Eating Index [21 (link)], the Healthy Beverage Index (HBI) can be used to assess the overall quality of beverage consumption and establish whether changes in consumption patterns are related to changes in health. According to the Beverage Guidance System, all beverages recorded as drank were divided into eight types; water, unsweetened coffee and tea, low-fat milk, diet drinks (including non-calorically sweetened coffee and tea and other artificially sweetened beverages), 100% fruit juice, alcohol (including beer, wine, and liquor), full-fat milk, and sugar-sweetened beverages (including fruit drinks, sweetened coffee and tea, and soda) were the eight categories of beverages consumed. The final HBI score ranges from 0 to 100, with a higher number indicating better beverage standard compliance and a healthy beverage consumption pattern [5 (link)]. The maximum final HBI score was 90 because diet drinks (with a score ranging from 0 to 5) and alcohol (with a score ranging from 0 to 5) were not consumed by our target group in this study. Liquids ingested as part of a meal (such as soup) were removed because the purpose of this study was to look into adherence to healthy beverage intake guidelines, rather than total fluid consumption. Our target audience did not eat these items, hence the maximum final HBI score was 90.
The individuals were asked to report whether they consumed each food item on a daily, weekly, monthly, or yearly basis, based on the information provided in this questionnaire. The average size of each food item in the FFQ was explained to all participants during the face-to-face interview, and they were asked to rate how frequently they consumed each food item based on their standard unit on a daily, weekly, monthly, or yearly basis. We used the NUTRITIONIST 4 (Hearst Corporation, San Bruno, CA) food analyzer to convert the dietary intake data from the food frequency questionnaire into grams and milliliters and to evaluate the dietary intake data. The nutritionist 4 program was used to compute total energy, macronutrients, and micronutrients (Hearst Corporation, San Bruno, CA) [20 ].
Duffey and Davy [5 (link)] established a method to determine the HBI, where, similar to the Healthy Eating Index [21 (link)], the Healthy Beverage Index (HBI) can be used to assess the overall quality of beverage consumption and establish whether changes in consumption patterns are related to changes in health. According to the Beverage Guidance System, all beverages recorded as drank were divided into eight types; water, unsweetened coffee and tea, low-fat milk, diet drinks (including non-calorically sweetened coffee and tea and other artificially sweetened beverages), 100% fruit juice, alcohol (including beer, wine, and liquor), full-fat milk, and sugar-sweetened beverages (including fruit drinks, sweetened coffee and tea, and soda) were the eight categories of beverages consumed. The final HBI score ranges from 0 to 100, with a higher number indicating better beverage standard compliance and a healthy beverage consumption pattern [5 (link)]. The maximum final HBI score was 90 because diet drinks (with a score ranging from 0 to 5) and alcohol (with a score ranging from 0 to 5) were not consumed by our target group in this study. Liquids ingested as part of a meal (such as soup) were removed because the purpose of this study was to look into adherence to healthy beverage intake guidelines, rather than total fluid consumption. Our target audience did not eat these items, hence the maximum final HBI score was 90.
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Alcohols
Amniotic Fluid
Artificially Sweetened Beverages
Beer
Beverages
Coffee
Diet
Diet Drinks
Face
Fat-Restricted Diet
Food
Fruit
Fruit Juices
Healthy Eating Index
Macronutrient
Micronutrients
Milk, Cow's
Nutritionist
Sugar-Sweetened Beverages
Wine
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More about "Diet Drinks"
Diet beverages, low-calorie drinks, sugar-free drinks, artificial sweeteners, natural sweeteners, weight management, diabetes, obesity, metabolic health, research, protocols, literature, preprints, patents, PubCompare.ai, AI-driven platform, Actiview, ClockLab, Statistical software release 15, Stata.
Diet drinks refer to beverages that are low in calories and often sweetened with artificial or natural sweeteners instead of sugar.
These drinks are designed to provide a tasty option for individuals looking to reduce their calorie intake, particularly those managing diabetes, obesety, or other health conditions.
The research on the efficacy and safety of diet drinks is ongoing, with studies examining their impact on weight management, metabolic health, and potential side effects.
PubCompare.ai's AI-driven platform can help researchers optimize their inquiries into diet drinkls, easily locating relevant protocols from the literature, preprints, and patents, and leveraging AI-powered comparisons to identify the best protocols and products for their needs.
Actiview and ClockLab are tools that can be used to analyze data related to diet drinks, while Statistical software release 15 and Stata provide statistical analysis capabilities.
Take your research on diet drinks to the nect level with PubCompare.ai's intuitive and efficent tools.
Diet drinks refer to beverages that are low in calories and often sweetened with artificial or natural sweeteners instead of sugar.
These drinks are designed to provide a tasty option for individuals looking to reduce their calorie intake, particularly those managing diabetes, obesety, or other health conditions.
The research on the efficacy and safety of diet drinks is ongoing, with studies examining their impact on weight management, metabolic health, and potential side effects.
PubCompare.ai's AI-driven platform can help researchers optimize their inquiries into diet drinkls, easily locating relevant protocols from the literature, preprints, and patents, and leveraging AI-powered comparisons to identify the best protocols and products for their needs.
Actiview and ClockLab are tools that can be used to analyze data related to diet drinks, while Statistical software release 15 and Stata provide statistical analysis capabilities.
Take your research on diet drinks to the nect level with PubCompare.ai's intuitive and efficent tools.