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Cell Adhesion

Cell Adhesion refers to the process by which cells attach to each other or to the extracellular matrix.
This critical biological mechanism facilitates tissue formation, organ development, and cellular signaling.
It involves complex interactions between cell surface receptors, adhesion molecules, and the cytoskeletal network.
Dysregulation of cell adhesion has been implicated in various pathological conditions, including cancer metastasis, inflammation, and autoimmune disorders.
Researchers in cell biology, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine actively study cell adhesion to develop novel therapeutic interventions and optimize experimental protocols.
Leveraging the power of AI-driven platforms like PubCompare.ai can help scientists effiiciently locate, compare, and optimize cell adhesion techniques, boosting research productivity and reproducibility.

Most cited protocols related to «Cell Adhesion»

Isolation and Characterization of Metastatic Breast Cancer Cells

CN34 tumour cells were isolated from the pleural effusion of a breast cancer patient treated at our institution, after written consent in accordance with Institutional Review Board (IRB) regulations. Brain metastatic populations from these cells and MDA-MB-231cells were obtained by consecutive rounds of in vivo selection in 6–7-week-old beige nude and athymic mice, respectively. All animal work was done in accordance with the MSKCC Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. Methods for RNA extraction, labelling and hybridization for DNA microarray analysis have been described previously17 (link). Bioinformatics analyses with detailed descriptions can be found in the Methods. Knockdown and overexpression of candidate genes, and cetuximab inhibitor studies were performed as previously described6 (link). The in vitro BBB model was set up as previously described25 (link), and modified to enable tumour cell counting. Sambucus nigra lectin staining was performed using standard histochemical techniques, and quantified using Metamorph software analysis. The Methods section provides further information, including malignant cell isolation from pleural fluids, tumour cell extraction and cell culture protocols, animal inoculation and bioluminescence imaging, generation of retroviral gene knockdown and overexpression vectors, transfections and infections, RNA and protein expression, in vitro BBB transmigration assay, endothelial cell adhesion assay, and metastatic tissue staining and quantification.

Bos P.D., Zhang X.H., Nadal C., Shu W., Gomis R.R., Nguyen D.X., Minn A.J., Van de Vijver M., Gerald W., Foekens J.A, & Massagué J. (2009). Genes that mediate breast cancer metastasis to the brain. Nature, 459(7249), 1005-1009.

Publication 2009

Animals Biological Assay Brain Breast Carcinoma Cell Adhesion Cell Culture Techniques Cells Cell Separation Cetuximab Cloning Vectors Crossbreeding DNA Chips Endothelial Cells Endothelium Ethics Committees, Research Gene Knockdown Techniques Genes Infection Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees Lectin Mice, Nude Microarray Analysis Neoplasms Patients Pleura Pleural Effusion Population Group Proteins Retroviridae Sambucus nigra Tissues Transfection Vaccination

Endothelial Cell Spheroid Formation

Confluent monolayers of HUVEC or BAEC were trypsinized. Cells were suspended in corresponding culture medium containing 20% methocel, seeded into nonadhesive 75-cm² bacteriological dishes (Greiner, Frickenhausen, Germany), and cultured at 37°C (5% CO₂, 100% humidity). Under these conditions suspended EC aggregate spontaneously within 4 h to form cellular aggregates of varying size and cell number. The methocel used for these experiments was diluted from a stock solution that was generated by dissolving 6 g of carboxymethylcellulose in 500 ml of medium (DME or ECGM basal medium). After centrifugation the clear, gel-like supernatant was used for experiments. Methocel prevents adhesion of cells and acts as an inert viscosity modulating substance. Variation of the methocel concentration during spheroid formation was, thus, used to control the average size of the spheroids. These multicellular spheroids were designated as random spheroids and used for all experiments that employed larger populations of cells. To generate endothelial cell spheroids of defined size and cell number, a specific number of cells (varying between 500 and 3,000 cells per spheroid, depending on the experiment) was suspended in culture medium and seeded in nonadherent round-bottom 96-well plates (Greiner, Frickenhausen, Germany). Under these conditions all suspended cell contribute to the formation of a single endothelial cell spheroid. These spheroids, designated as standard spheroids, were harvested within 24 h and used for the corresponding experiments.

Korff T, & Augustin H.G. (1998). Integration of Endothelial Cells in Multicellular Spheroids Prevents Apoptosis and Induces Differentiation. The Journal of Cell Biology, 143(5), 1341-1352.

Publication 1998

Carboxymethylcellulose Cell Adhesion Cells Centrifugation Culture Media Endothelial Cells Endothelium Humidity Hyperostosis, Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Methocel Population Group SERPINA3 protein, human Spheroids, Cellular Viscosity

Loss of Cell-Cell Adhesion in arm Mutants

The following stocks containing fluorescent fusion proteins were used: Spider-GFP (95–1) and Resille-GFP (117–2) (Morin et al., 2001 (link)), membrane-mCherry (this paper), myosin-GFP (sqh-GFP; Royou et al., 2002 (link)), and myosin-mCherry (sqh-mCherry; Martin et al., 2009 (link)). To examine cell shape in embryos devoid of a-p polarity, we used the stock w; Resille-GFP; bicoid^E1 nanos^L7 torso-like¹⁴⁶/TM3; Sb. We analyzed embryos from mothers that were homozygous for bicoid^E1 nanos^L7 torso-like¹⁴⁶. To generate arm^M/Z mutants, we created arm^043A01 germ-line clones using the FLP-DFS system (Chou and Perrimon, 1992 (link)). We visualized myosin II in arm^M/Z mutants by generating a stock that was arm^043A01 FRT101/FM7; sqh-GFP. We crossed females of this genotype to w ovo^D FRT101/Y; flp-138 males to obtain arm^043A01 FRT101/w ovo^D FRT101; flp-138/+ females. These females were heat shocked as larvae for 2 h at 37°C each day to induce mitotic recombination in the germ line. We imaged embryos from the following cross: arm^043A01 FRT101/w ovo^D FRT101; flp-138/+ females x FM7/+; flp-138/+ males. Half of these embryos showed loss of cell–cell adhesion, which is consistent with half being rescued zygotically.

Martin A.C., Gelbart M., Fernandez-Gonzalez R., Kaschube M, & Wieschaus E.F. (2010). Integration of contractile forces during tissue invagination. The Journal of Cell Biology, 188(5), 735-749.

Publication 2010

Cell Adhesion Cell Shape Clone Cells Embryo Females Genotype Germ Line Homozygote Larva Males morin Mothers Myosin ATPase Myosin Type II Proteins Recombination, Genetic Spiders Tissue, Membrane Torso

High-throughput Automated Microscopy for Cell-based Assays

Microscopic screening was performed using an automated microscopy setup as described previously (Cohen and Schuldiner, 2011 (link)). Cells were moved from agar plates into liquid 384-well polystyrene growth plates using the RoToR arrayer. Liquid cultures were grown overnight in SD medium in a shaking incubator (LiCONiC Instruments) at 30°C. A JANUS liquid handler (PerkinElmer), which is connected to the incubator, was used to back-dilute the strains to ∼0.25 OD into plates containing the same medium. Plates were then transferred back to the incubator and were allowed to grow for 3.5 h at 30°C to reach logarithmic growth phase, as was validated in preliminary calibration. The liquid handler was then used to transfer strains into glass-bottom 384-well microscope plates (Matrical Bioscience) coated with Concanavalin A (Sigma-Aldrich) to allow cell adhesion. Wells were washed twice in medium to remove floating cells and reach cell monolayer. Plates were then transferred into an automated inverted fluorescent microscopic ScanR system (Olympus) using a swap robotic arm (Hamilton). Imaging of plates was performed in 384-well format using a 60× air lens (NA 0.9) in SD medium at 24°C with a cooled charge-coupled device camera (ORCA-ER; Hamamatsu). Images were acquired at GFP (excitation at 490/20 nm, emission at 535/50 nm) and mCherry (excitation at 572/35 nm, emission at 632/60 nm) channels.

Breker M., Gymrek M, & Schuldiner M. (2013). A novel single-cell screening platform reveals proteome plasticity during yeast stress responses. The Journal of Cell Biology, 200(6), 839-850.

Publication 2013

Agar Cell Adhesion Cells Concanavalin A Epiphyseal Cartilage Lens, Crystalline Medical Devices Microscopy Orcinus orca Polystyrenes Strains

Functionalized Hydrogel Substrates for Cell Culture

Glass coverslips were functionalized using 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate to facilitate covalent attachment of hydrogel substrates to glass. A polymer solution containing acrylamide monomers, crosslinker N,N methylene-bis-acrylamide, Ammunium Persulfate (APS), and N,N,N′,N′-Tetramethylethylenediamine (TEMED) was prepared. The polymerizing solution was sandwiched between a functionalized coverslip and a dichlorodimethylsilane (DCDMS)-treated slide to ensure easy detachment of hydrogels. The ratio of acrylamide%/bis-acrylamide% was varied in order to control hydrogel stiffness and porosity. To allow for cell adhesion and fibrous protein tethering, substrates were incubated in 0.02, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, or 1 mg/ml N-sulphosuccinimidyl-6-(4′-azido-2′-nitrophenylamino) hexanoate (sulfo-SANPAH), activated with UV light, washed, and then incubated in collagen overnight. For AFM experiments, 0.5 mg/ml amine-PEG3400-biotin was used instead of collagen. Coated hydrogels were UV sterilized prior to use in cell culture.

Wen J.H., Vincent L.G., Fuhrmann A., Choi Y.S., Hribar K., Taylor-Weiner H., Chen S, & Engler A.J. (2014). Interplay of Matrix Stiffness and Protein Tethering in Stem Cell Differentiation. Nature materials, 13(10), 979-987.

Publication 2014

Acrylamide Amines Biotin Cell Adhesion Cell Culture Techniques Collagen dichlorodimethylsilane hexanoate Hydrogels Methacrylate N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide Polymers Scleroproteins sulfosuccinimidyl 6-((4-azido-2-nitrophenyl)amino)hexanoate tetramethylethylenediamine

Most recents protocols related to «Cell Adhesion»

Bioceramic Composition Enhances Cell Adhesion

Not available on PMC !

Example 8

Cell adhesion was also evaluated by means of in vitro scratch wound-healing assay. HDPSCs cells were analyzed by difference in staining with phalloidin (cell nucleus) and DAPI to visualize actin cytoskeleton.

Cell adhesion results showed excellent interaction and adhesion between neighboring cells in the presence of bioceramic composition. The Bioceramic composition sealer (CB5) and Bioceramic composition repair (CB6), showed a gradual increase in growth over time, an extended morphology and a high content of F-Actin (cell microfilamen), reaching confluence after 72 hours of culture.

The analysis of cell proliferation (via cell viability study), apoptosis, cell adhesion and morphology (via cell adhesion study) and migration (via cell migration study) showed very positive results, indicating that the proposed bioceramic composition induces the odonto/osteogenic mineralization and differentiation process in the presence of tooth-specific human stem cells (hDPSCs pulp). While a market resin sealer was also used in the comparative studies, however, all results were not satisfactory for this product.

US11857558B2. Dental and medical compositions having a multiple source of metallic ions (2024-01-02). ANGELUS INDÚSTRIA DE PRODUTOS ODONTOLÓGICOS S/A [BR]. Inventors: César Eduardo Bellinati [BR], Cristiane Vila [BR], William Pereira Dos Santos [BR], Maíra Bendlin Calzavara [BR].

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Patent 2024

Apoptosis Biological Assay Cell Adhesion Cell Nucleus Cell Proliferation Cell Survival DAPI Dental Pulp Differentiations, Cell F-Actin Homo sapiens Microfilaments Migration, Cell Osteogenesis Phalloidine Physiologic Calcification Resins, Plant Stem, Plant Stem Cells Tooth

Evaluating EHEC O157:H7 Adherence to HEp-2 Cells

Not available on PMC !

Example 5

In order to compare levels of adherence to HEp-2 epithelial cells in culture, we used an established model for evaluating adherence of EHEC O157:H7 (27). HEp-2, human laryngeal carcinoma epithelial cells, were a kind gift from Dr. Carlton Gyles (Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph). Briefly, HEp-2 cells grown in EMEM supplemented with 10% (v/v) FBS were plated onto 24-well tissue culture plates at 2×10⁵cells ml⁻¹and incubated for 24 h in the presence of 5% CO₂. The cells were then maintained during the assay in serum and antibiotic-free EMEM. Before inoculation with bacteria, 10% (v/v) of L. acidophilus CFSM selected fractions were added in triplicate to treatment group wells. Wells containing the negative control groups were inoculated with 10⁵E. coli O157:H7 strain VS94 with or without supplementation with 100 μM propanolol (Sigma-Aldrich Canada Ltd.). Following inoculation of 10⁵EHEC O157 into treatment and control group wells, the plates were incubated for 3 h at 37° C. in the presence of 5% CO₂. The cell monolayers were then washed three times with PBS to remove non-adhering bacteria and fresh medium was added. Cells were incubated for another 3 h and then washed six times with PBS. Washed cells were lysed with 0.1% Triton X-100. Released bacteria present in the suspension were collected and appropriate dilutions were plated on LB agar. To evaluate if the percentage of adherence in the treatment groups was significantly different from that of the control group, where the recovered counts from the control group (2.2×10⁷CFU ml⁻¹) were considered to be 100%, the percentage of adherence in the negative control and treatment groups were calculated using the following equation.

$% of Recovery = \underset{2.2 \times 10^{7}}{\underline{Group}} CFU {ml}^{- 1} \underline{\times 100}$

US11857581B2. Antiviral methods and compositions comprising probiotic bacterial molecules (2024-01-02). MicroSintesis Inc. [CA]. Inventors: Mansel Griffiths [CA].

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Patent 2024

Agar Antibiotics Bacteria Bacterial Vaccines Biological Assay Carcinoma Cell Adhesion Cell Culture Techniques Cells Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli Epithelial Cells Escherichia coli O157 Homo sapiens Lactobacillus acidophilus Larynx Propranolol Serum Strains Technique, Dilution Tissues Triton X-100 Vaccination

Pathways Regulating Cell Adhesion and Motility

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Example 3

The phenotype did not depend specifically on the RasC/TORC2 or PI3K pathways. Rather, signals from multiple pathways impinging on the cytoskeleton can be integrated to generate the phenotype. RAM (Regulator of Adhesion and Motility) mutants were isolated in a screen for regulators of cell morphology and migration. Mutant cells were more spread and adhered more strongly than wild-type cells. Most of the mutants also displayed strong defects in cell motility and chemotaxis. When constitutively active RasC^Q62Lwas expressed in the RAM mutants, these cells also formed extremely spread cells like those seen in the pten− cell background (FIG. 5). In another example, Rap1 is a small GTPase that controls cell adhesion in a variety of cell types. When constitutively active Rap1A^G12Vwas expressed in pten− or RAM cells, a similar phenotype was observed.

US11878045B2. Inducing cell death by hyperactivation of motility networks (2024-01-23). The Johns Hopkins University [US]. Inventors: Peter Devreotes [US], Huaqing Cai [US], Marc Edwards [US], Jun Liu [US], Thomas Lampert [US], Yu Long [US].

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Patent 2024

Cell Adhesion Cells Chemotaxis Complex 2, TOR Cytoskeleton Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins Motility, Cell Phenotype Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases PTEN protein, human Signal Pathways Vision

Targeting Myc Transcription Factor for Anti-Cancer Therapy

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Example 10

Myc encodes a helix-loop-helix transcription factor upregulated in 50-80% of human cancers and is associated with 100,000 US cancer deaths per year. Myc heterodimerizes with its partner Max to control target gene transcription and is deeply integrated into the regulatory and control mechanisms governing cell viability and proliferation. A recent estimate suggests that Myc binds to approximately 25,000 regions in the human genome. The loss of Myc proteins inhibits cell proliferation and growth, accelerates differentiation, increases cell adhesion, and accentuates the response to DNA damage.

We believe that Myc is an ideal target for anti-cancer therapeutics, particularly MM in which it is highly overexpressed by selective disruptive interference of Myc-Max dimerization while permiting Myc-Mad interactions.

FIG. 28 illustrates that an αvβ3 targeted particle comprising a myc prodrug reduces SMC proliferation. Human coronary smooth muscle cells were plated on cover slips (2500 cells) and incubated 2 hours. Each treatment was replicated 6 times. The intramural delivery of an αvβ3 targeted particle comprising a myc prodrug, alone or with stents, offers an attractive new approach to restenosis.

US11872313B2. Prodrug compositions, prodrug nanoparticles, and methods of use thereof (2024-01-16). Washington University [US]. Inventors: Gregory M. Lanza [US], Dipanjan Pan [US].

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Patent 2024

Cardiac Arrest Cell Adhesion Cell Proliferation Cells Cell Survival Dimerization DNA Damage Genome, Human Heart Homo sapiens Malignant Neoplasms Myocytes, Smooth Muscle Obstetric Delivery Prodrugs Proteins Stents Transcription, Genetic Transcription Factor

High-throughput Screening of Anti-inflammatory Compounds

The key screening model parameters, signal-to-noise ratio (S/N), signal background ratio (S/B), coefficient of variation (CV), and Z factor (Z’), were calculated as follows (Zhao et al., 2019 (link)): S/N = (Mean_signal—Mean_background)/SD_background, S/B = Mean_signal/Mean_background, CV = SD_control/Mean_control × 100%, and Z’ = 1—(3SD_signal + 3SD_control)/(Mean_signal—Mean_control). In screening, 2,791 compounds from the L1000-Approved Drug Library and L6000 Natural Product Library (Topscience Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China) were tested. HUVEC cells were incubated simultaneously with LPS and compound for 24 h, and then the labeled THP-1 cells were added to co-culture for 15 min. After the plate was washed, the fluorescence intensity (FI) was detected. The inhibitory activity of drugs against cell adhesion was calculated as follows: Inhibition rate (%) = (FI_drug—FI_control)/(FI_model—FI_control) × 100%.

Sun H., Wang X.K., Li J.R., Tang M., Li H., Lei L., Li H.Y., Jiang J., Li J.Y., Dong B., Jiang J.D, & Peng Z.G. (2023). Establishment and application of a high-throughput screening model for cell adhesion inhibitors. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 14, 1140163.

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Publication 2023

cDNA Library Cell Adhesion Coculture Techniques Drug Compounding Fluorescence Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells N-dodecyl-L-lysine amide Natural Products Pharmaceutical Preparations Psychological Inhibition THP-1 Cells

Top products related to «Cell Adhesion»

Fetal bovine serum (fbs) by Thermo Fisher Scientific

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Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) is a cell culture supplement derived from the blood of bovine fetuses. FBS provides a source of proteins, growth factors, and other components that support the growth and maintenance of various cell types in in vitro cell culture applications.

Fibronectin by Merck Group

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Fibronectin is an extracellular matrix glycoprotein that plays a role in cell adhesion, growth, migration, and differentiation. It is a key component of the cellular microenvironment and is involved in various biological processes.

Dulbecco modified eagle medium (dmem) by Thermo Fisher Scientific

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DMEM (Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium) is a cell culture medium formulated to support the growth and maintenance of a variety of cell types, including mammalian cells. It provides essential nutrients, amino acids, vitamins, and other components necessary for cell proliferation and survival in an in vitro environment.

Penicillin streptomycin by Thermo Fisher Scientific

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Penicillin/streptomycin is a commonly used antibiotic solution for cell culture applications. It contains a combination of penicillin and streptomycin, which are broad-spectrum antibiotics that inhibit the growth of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

Matrigel by BD

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Matrigel is a solubilized basement membrane preparation extracted from the Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) mouse sarcoma, a tumor rich in extracellular matrix proteins. It is widely used as a substrate for the in vitro cultivation of cells, particularly those that require a more physiologically relevant microenvironment for growth and differentiation.

Bovine serum albumin (bsa) by Merck Group

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Bovine serum albumin (BSA) is a common laboratory reagent derived from bovine blood plasma. It is a protein that serves as a stabilizer and blocking agent in various biochemical and immunological applications. BSA is widely used to maintain the activity and solubility of enzymes, proteins, and other biomolecules in experimental settings.

Fetal bovine serum (fbs) by Merck Group

Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, Japan, Italy, China, Macao, Switzerland, France, Canada, Sao Tome and Principe, Spain, Australia, Ireland, Poland, Belgium, Denmark, India, Sweden, Israel, Austria, Brazil, Czechia, Netherlands, Portugal, Norway, Holy See (Vatican City State), New Zealand, Hungary, Senegal, Argentina, Thailand, Singapore, Ukraine, Mexico

FBS, or Fetal Bovine Serum, is a commonly used cell culture supplement. It is derived from the blood of bovine fetuses and provides essential growth factors, hormones, and other nutrients to support the growth and proliferation of a wide range of cell types in vitro.

Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (mtt) by Merck Group

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MTT is a colorimetric assay used to measure cell metabolic activity. It is a lab equipment product developed by Merck Group. MTT is a tetrazolium dye that is reduced by metabolically active cells, producing a colored formazan product that can be quantified spectrophotometrically.

Calcein am by Thermo Fisher Scientific

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Calcein AM is a fluorescent dye used for cell viability and cytotoxicity assays. It is a cell-permeant dye that is non-fluorescent until it is hydrolyzed by intracellular esterases, at which point it becomes fluorescent and is retained within live cells.

Dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso) by Merck Group

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DMSO is a versatile organic solvent commonly used in laboratory settings. It has a high boiling point, low viscosity, and the ability to dissolve a wide range of polar and non-polar compounds. DMSO's core function is as a solvent, allowing for the effective dissolution and handling of various chemical substances during research and experimentation.

What are the different types of cell adhesion?

Cell adhesion can occur through several different mechanisms, including: 1. Integrin-mediated adhesion: Integrins are cell surface receptors that bind to extracellular matrix proteins like collagen, fibronectin, and laminin. This facilitates strong cell-matrix interactions. 2. Cadherin-mediated adhesion: Cadherins are transmembrane proteins that mediate cell-cell adhesion by interacting with cadherins on neighboring cells. This is crucial for tissue formation and organ development. 3. Selectin-mediated adhesion: Selectins are lectin-like cell surface proteins that mediate transient cell-cell interactions, often involved in immune cell trafficking and inflammation. 4. Immunoglobulin superfamily adhesion: This includes proteins like ICAM and VCAM that participate in cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions, particularly in the immune system.

What are some common challenges in optimizing cell adhesion experiments?

Some key challenges in optimizing cell adhesion experiments include: 1. Selecting the appropriate extracellular matrix (ECM) components: Different cell types may require specific ECM proteins or combinations for optimal adhesion and growth. 2. Determining the optimal cell seeding density: Too high or low a density can impact cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. 3. Maintaing consistent cell culture conditions: Parameters like temperature, pH, and media composition can significantly affect cell adhesion. 4. Accounting for cell line variability: Genetic differences and passage number can alter the adhesive properties of cells. 5. Evaluating adhesion strength: Quantifying the force required to detach cells can be technically challenging. Leveraging PubCompare.ai can help address these issues by allowing you to efficiently screen literature, identify optimal protocols, and compare adhesion techniques across studies to find the most reproducbile approach for your research.

How can PubCompare.ai assist in optimizing cell adhesion experiments?

PubCompare.ai can be a valuable tool for optimizing cell adhesion experiments in several ways: 1. Efficient literature screening: The platform allows you to quickly search and compare cell adhesion protocols from published literature, preprints, and patents to identify the most relevant and effective methods. 2. AI-driven insights: PubCompare.ai's AI algorithms can analyze the protocols and highlight key differences, such as the choice of ECM components, seeding densities, and culture conditions, that impact adhesion efficiency and reproducibility. 3. Protocol comparison: The platform makes it easy to compare multiple cell adhesion protocols side-by-side, allowing you to pinpoint the critical factors that differentiate high-performing techniques from less effective ones. 4. Boosting research productivity: By streamlining the process of finding, evaluating, and selecting the optimal cell adhesion protocols, PubCompare.ai can save you time and effort, enabeling you to focus on your core research objectives. Ultilizing PubCompare.ai can help you make more informed decisions about your cell adhesion experiments and improve the reproducibility and accuracy of your research.

Cell Adhesion

Most cited protocols related to «Cell Adhesion»

Most recents protocols related to «Cell Adhesion»

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