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Mental Health

Mental Health: A comprehensive term encompassing an individual's emotional, psychological, and social well-being.
It influemces how we think, feel, and act, affecting our daily lives, relationships, and overall quality of life.
Maintaining good mental health is crucial for overall health and functioning.
This MeSH term covers a wide range of mental health conditions, treatment approaches, and prevention strategies, providing a holistic understanding of this important aspect of human health and wellness.

Most cited protocols related to «Mental Health»

Advancing Implementation Outcome Clarity

The paper’s methods were shaped around its overall aim: to advance clarity in the language used to describe outcomes of implementation. We convened a working group of implementation researchers to identify concepts for labeling and assessing outcomes of implementation processes. One member of the group was a doctoral student RA who coordinated, conducted, and reported on the literature search and constructed tables reflecting various iterations of the heuristic taxonomy. The RA conducted literature searches using key words and search programs to identify literature on the current state of conceptualization and measurement of these outcomes, primarily in the health and behavioral sciences. We searched in a number of databases with a particular focus on MEDLINE, CINAHL Plus, and PsycINFO. Key search terms included the name of the implementation outcome (e.g., “acceptability,” “sustainability,” etc.) along with relevant synonyms combined with any of the following: innovation, EBP, evidence based practice, and EST. We scanned the titles and abstracts of the identified sources and read the methods and background sections of the studies that measured or attempted to measure implementation outcomes. We also included information from relevant conceptual articles in the development of nominal definitions. Whereas our primary focus was on the implementation of evidence based practices in the health and behavioral sciences, the keyword “innovation” broadened this scope by also identifying studies that focused on other areas such as physical health that may inform implementation of mental health treatments. Because terminology in this field currently reflects widespread inconsistency, we followed leads beyond what our keyword searches “hit” upon. Thus we read additional articles that we found cited by authors whose work we found through our electronic searches. We also conducted searches of CRISP, TAGG, and NIH reporter and studies to identify funded mental health research studies with “implementation” in their titles or abstracts, to identify examples of outcomes pursued in current research.
We used a narrative review approach (Educational Research Review), which is appropriate for summarizing different primary studies and drawing conclusions and interpretation about “what we know,” informed by reviewers’ experiences and existing theories (McPheeters et al. 2006 ; Kirkevoid 1997 (link)). Narrative reviews yield qualitative results, with strengths in capturing diversities and pluralities of understanding (Jones 1997 ). According to McPheeters et al. (2006 ), narrative reviews are best conducted by a team. Members of the working group read and reviewed conceptual and theoretical pieces as well as published reports of implementation research. As a team, we convened recurring meetings to discuss the similarities and dissimilarities. We audio-taped and transcribed meeting discussions, and a designated individual took thorough notes. Transcriptions and notes were posted on a shared computer file for member review, revision, and correction.
Group processes included iterative discussion, checking additional literature for clarification, and subsequent discussion. The aim was to collect and portray, from extant literature, the similarities and differences across investigators’ use of various implementation outcomes and definitions for those outcomes. Discussions often led us to preserve distinctions between terms by maintaining in our “nominated” taxonomy two different implementation outcomes because the literature or our own research revealed possible conceptual distinctions. We assembled the identified constructs in the proposed heuristic taxonomy to portray the current state of vocabulary and conceptualization of terms used to assess implementation outcomes.

Proctor E., Silmere H., Raghavan R., Hovmand P., Aarons G., Bunger A., Griffey R, & Hensley M. (2010). Outcomes for Implementation Research: Conceptual Distinctions, Measurement Challenges, and Research Agenda. Administration and Policy in Mental Health, 38(2), 65-76.

Publication 2010

Concept Formation Mental Health Physical Examination Physicians Student Transcription, Genetic

Validation of Implementation Measures

We conducted three studies to assess the psychometric properties of the newly developed measures of acceptability (AIM), appropriateness (IAM), and feasibility (FIM). In study 1, we assessed the measures’ substantive and discriminant content validity by administering a web-based survey to a sample of implementation researchers and implementation-experienced mental health professionals. In study 2, we examined the structural validity, reliability, and known-groups validity of the three constructs by conducting an experimental vignette study with mental health counselors. In study 3, we examined the measures’ test-retest reliability and sensitivity to change by re-administering the experiment to the same participants several weeks after study 2.

Weiner B.J., Lewis C.C., Stanick C., Powell B.J., Dorsey C.N., Clary A.S., Boynton M.H, & Halko H. (2017). Psychometric assessment of three newly developed implementation outcome measures. Implementation Science : IS, 12, 108.

Publication 2017

Counselors Hypersensitivity Mental Health Psychometrics

Evaluating Global Health Scale Dimensions

We estimated polyserial correlations of the global items with the EQ-5D. In addition, we examined item-scale correlations and conducted confirmatory categorical factor analysis (based on polychoric correlations) to evaluate whether the 10 global health items could be combined into a single unidimensional scale. Next, we performed exploratory factor analysis on the matrix of polychoric correlations to identify the number of underlying dimensions. We evaluated the resulting two factors by estimating item-scale correlations and internal consistency reliability. We used Mplus 5.1 software [11 ] to estimate confirmatory categorical factor analysis models, specifying weighted least squares mean and variance estimation. Because of our large sample size we do not rely on the chi-square statistic to evaluate the acceptability of the models. We estimated practical fit of the models using the confirmatory fit index (CFI), Tucker–Lewis index (TLI), and the root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA). We averaged items to form physical and mental health composites and estimated associations of these composites with the EQ-5D and the nine PROMIS domain scores (physical functioning, pain behavior, pain impact, fatigue, anxiety, anger, depressive symptoms, satisfaction with discretionary social activities, satisfaction with social roles). Finally, we estimated item threshold and discrimination parameters for the final physical and mental health scales using the graded response model [12 (link), 13 ]. Based on the item parameters we calculated item information, the contribution of each item to overall test precision [12 (link)]. As an estimate of the contribution of each item to overall test precision, we weighted item-level information values, which are computed as the expected item information across the score distribution of our sample.

Hays R.D., Bjorner J.B., Revicki D.A., Spritzer K.L, & Cella D. (2009). Development of physical and mental health summary scores from the patient-reported outcomes measurement information system (PROMIS) global items. Quality of Life Research, 18(7), 873-880.

Publication 2009

Anger Anxiety Depressive Symptoms Discrimination, Psychology Fatigue Mental Health Pain Physical Examination Plant Roots Satisfaction

Preventing Adolescent Suicide Reattempts

The Treatment of Adolescent Suicide Attempters study was a National
Institute of Mental Health multisite feasibility study designed to develop
and evaluate treatments to prevent suicide reattempts in adolescents.
Participants were 124 male and female patients 12–18 years of age
with a suicide attempt or interrupted attempt during the 90 days before
enrollment (34 (link)–36 (link)). Participants were evaluated at
baseline and at treatment weeks 6, 12, 18, and 24, as well as during
intervening unscheduled visits. Evaluations included the C-SSRS, the
Columbia Suicide History Form, the Scale for Suicide Ideation, and
Beck’s Lethality Scale. All instruments were administered by
independent evaluators, who were Ph.D.-, R.N.-, or master’s-level
clinicians. Assessment of participants also included the self-report Beck
Depression Inventory (BDI) at the same visits, as well as ratings by the
treating psychopharmacologist (who was not the independent evaluator) on the
Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). Any potential
suicidal events in the study were rated by the suicide evaluation board,
which was an independent panel of suicidology experts uninvolved in the
day-to-day management of the trial. The board, which was blind to original
event classifications, treatment status, and other potentially biasing
information, rated narratives according to predetermined criteria and
definitions of potential suicidal events. Unanimous consensus was reached in
cases where there was any initial disagreement.
Most participants (N=96, 77.4%) were assessed at
week 12; 87 (70.2%) were evaluated at week 18, and 83
(66.9%) at week 24. Attrition between the study visits was due to
participants refusing to continue study treatment or assessments.
Participants who refused treatment but continued with assessments were
included in the analyses. There was one death by suicide in the study during
the follow-up period. As previously reported (36 (link)), participants who remained in the study for
longer than the median duration were similar to those who were followed for
less than the median duration on all baseline predictors of suicidal events
except income.

Posner K., Brown G.K., Stanley B., Brent D.A., Yershova K.V., Oquendo M.A., Currier G.W., Melvin G.A., Greenhill L., Shen S, & Mann J.J. (2011). The Columbia–Suicide Severity Rating Scale: Initial Validity and Internal Consistency Findings From Three Multisite Studies With Adolescents and Adults. The American journal of psychiatry, 168(12), 1266-1277.

Publication 2011

Adolescent Males Mental Health Patients Suicide Attempt Tooth Attrition Visually Impaired Persons Woman

Measuring Global Health Outcomes

The 10 global health items include ratings of the five core PROMIS domains and ratings that cut across domains (Appendix). The PROMIS global health item set includes the most widely used self-rated health item (global01). Previous research has shown that this item taps both physical health and mental health but reflects physical health more than mental health, especially for those with low income [5 ]. PROMIS includes a single item that provides a pure rating of physical health (global03) and another item for mental health (global04). Also included is an overall quality of life item (global02) that is a very strong indicator of mental health (see e.g., Lorenz et al. [7 (link)]). The remaining items provide global ratings of physical function (global06), fatigue (global08), pain (global07), emotional distress (global10), and social health (global05 and global09).
We administered all of the items except the rating of pain on average (global07) using five-category response scales (see Appendix). We recoded global07 from the 0–10 scale to 5 categories based on grouping of 0–10 response scales for the Sheehan Disability Scale and the Flushing Symptom Questionnaire [8 (link)] as follows: 0 = 1; 1–3 = 2; 4–6 = 3; 7–9 = 4; 10 = 5.
We also administered the EQ-5D survey, a widely used generic HRQOL preference-based measure, to study participants. We examine the empirical associations of the PROMIS global items with the EQ-5D. For this purpose, we derived the EQ-5D preference-based index score using the US general population weights [9 (link)]. The EQ-5D is anchored by 0 (dead) and 1 (perfect health). The lowest possible score for the EQ-5D is −0.11, indicating a health state rated worse than being dead by the sample of 4,048 people in the US valuation sample.

Publication 2009

BAD protein, human Disabled Persons Fatigue Generic Drugs Mental Health Pain Physical Examination Psychological Distress

Most recents protocols related to «Mental Health»

Relapse Assessment in SUD Treatment

The 3 month post-treatment follow-up telephone interview asked about the use of alcohol or drugs during the last four weeks. Patients indicated how often they had used alcohol/drugs during this period, with the following response options: “less than once a week,” “approximately weekly,” “2–4 times a week,” “daily or almost daily”. We defined relapse as return to regular use [15 (link)], thus those who reported using alcohol or drugs 2–4 times or more per week were categorized as having a relapse. The interview also enquired about any contact (yes/no) with outpatient SUD treatment services; and/or a community mental health and addiction health care provider; and/or readmission to SUD inpatient treatment. A small number of patients who reported readmission to SUD treatment was included in the relapse group (see also [34 (link)].

Andersson H.W., Mosti M.P, & Nordfjaern T. (2023). Inpatients in substance use treatment with co-occurring psychiatric disorders: a prospective cohort study of characteristics and relapse predictors. BMC Psychiatry, 23, 152.

Publication 2023

Addictive Behavior Ethanol Health Personnel Health Services, Outpatient Hospitalization Mental Health Patients Pharmaceutical Preparations Relapse

Psychiatric Comorbidities in Substance Use Disorder

The sample comprised 611 patients who were included in the prospective cohort study, of whom 289 patients (47.3%) had at least one co-occurring psychiatric diagnosis (F20-F99).
In total, 426 of the patients participated in the follow-up interview 3 months after discharge from treatment (70%), of whom 206 (48.4%) were patients with COD. The follow-up response rate was similar for patients with COD (71.3%) and those without COD (68.3%). Among patients with COD, those who did not respond were more likely younger (OR = 2.54, p = 0.002), with lower education level (OR = 1.77, p = 0.035), and less likely to have an alcohol use disorder (OR = 0.588, p = 0.053). Among patients without COD, those who were lost for follow-up appeared more likely younger (OR = 2.157, p = 0.002), and without a permanent housing situation (OR = 1.694, p = 0.042). About half of those who were reached at follow-up (n = 227) reported they had been in contact with SUD outpatient treatment services during the last month. Slightly fewer patients (n = 194) reported contact with a community health provider. The probability of contact with outpatient SUD services was somewhat higher for patients with COD (58.3%) than for patients without COD (48.6%) (p = 0.047). There was no difference between the groups regarding any contact with community mental health and addiction services.

Publication 2023

Addictive Behavior Alcohol Use Disorder Care, Ambulatory Diagnosis, Psychiatric Health Services, Outpatient Mental Health Patient Discharge Patients Youth

Mental Health Service Utilization in Denmark

The Capital Region of Denmark has a population of 1.6 million people. Patients in the Capital Region of Denmark are referred by their general practitioner (GP) or other treatment providers to a central diagnostic and referral centre within the mental health services that yearly assesses 20.000 referrals. About 4000 patients are further evaluated in person and diagnosed by the centre.
Five mental health centres in the region provide treatment packages for first-episode depression and will include participants in the study. The Mental Health Centre Amager and the Copenhagen centre consisting of two clinics located in the City of Copenhagen and treat approximately half of all patients, whereas Ballerup and Glostrup treat approximately a third of patients in the surrounding suburb (Sup. Figure 2). The Psychiatric Centre Northern Zealand treats approximately 16% of patients and is located north of Copenhagen, in a region of intermediate urbanisation with individual municipalities classified as rural.

Jensen K.H., Dam V.H., Ganz M., Fisher P.M., Ip C.T., Sankar A., Marstrand-Joergensen M.R., Ozenne B., Osler M., Penninx B.W., Pinborg L.H., Frokjaer V.G., Knudsen G.M, & Jørgensen M.B. (2023). Deep phenotyping towards precision psychiatry of first-episode depression — the Brain Drugs-Depression cohort. BMC Psychiatry, 23, 151.

Publication 2023

Chin Mental Health Patients Urbanization

Unipolar Depression Treatment Cohort Study

We aim to establish a cohort of 800 patients referred to the Danish treatment packages for unipolar first-episode, non-psychotic depression during 2021–2025. We recruit patients from all six clinics in the region. Each clinic receives approximately 100–250 treatment referrals yearly, and approximately 1100 patients are referred yearly. Approximately 80% of referrals are sent directly to the clinics. Patients are recruited during evaluation at the central diagnostic and referral centre or the first consultation in the clinics. Approximately 88% of referrals result in treatment package initiation.
During 2019–2020, 37% of patients were on an antidepressant (usually the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) Sertraline from their GP) when starting the treatment package, and 54% of patients ended the treatment package on an antidepressant medication. 13% of patients were transferred to a treatment package for a different primary diagnosis group, e.g., generalised, social anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, emotionally unstable personality, avoidant personality disorder, eating disorder or obsessive–compulsive disorder. 20% dropped out of treatment. 5% of patients were hospitalised during their treatment package; hospitalization does not preclude the continuation of the treatment package.
The treatment package is a program with manualised psychotherapy in groups of eight patients as the core treatment module together with psychoeducation for the patient and relative (Sup. Table 1). In brief, a treatment package consists of 15–18 h: 2–3 h of initial workup followed by 6 h of individual therapy or 12 sessions of 2 h group therapy (8 patients per group); 1–2 h of engagement and psychoeducation of relatives; 1–5 h of medication clinic; and 2 h of relapse prevention. The program is designed around group-based CBT, but clinics also offer alternatives to CBT, e.g., psychodynamic and schema therapy, and groups for specific demographics, e.g., men or adolescents, and individual therapy. Medication is available as needed.
The research and assessment at baseline for recruited participants is conducted at the Neurobiology Research Unit (NRU) at the Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet and followed by clinicians from the Mental Health Centre Copenhagen who are not involved in the patient's treatment.

Publication 2023

Adolescent Antidepressive Agents Avoidant Personality Disorder Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis Eating Disorders Group Therapy Hospitalization Mental Disorders Mental Health Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Patients Pharmaceutical Preparations Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Psychotherapy Relapse Prevention Schema Therapy Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors Sertraline Social Anxiety

Intimate Relationships and Drug Transitions

Women leaving home or becoming homeless at an early age were particularly vulnerable to predatory relationships with older men or romantic relationships of necessity and convenience. Prior studies found a particular association between intimate relationships as a source of increased violence and transitions into injection drug among females [67 (link)]. Consistent with these findings the women in this study frequently described how partners introduced them to drugs and were the catalyst to transition into “harder” drugs:

met a guy who was like 29 and he gave me heroin, like I’d never touched drugs in my life, he injected me, with heroin. I know. I had crack. I didn’t really know what I was taking. He introduced me to heroin at 15 (Gillian).

Intimate relationships were often based on the need for protection: “[partner’s name] is there all the time cos she protects us. She makes us like get up in the mornings and try and get ready and get washed, and stuff like that and she’ll like cooks for us and like she is there. If she hadn’t have been, I wouldn’t be here” (Carina).
Several women met their partners through drug networks and were subsequently coerced into drug dealing: [I met him] through different people in […], who were selling drugs and people knowing people and me being young he swept us off my feet, wined and dined us and I was a lot younger and – he used us basically, to his advantage. “Well if you do this, do that, I’ve got me third strike I’m out, you’ll have to sell this and that” (Delia).
Gillian illustrates the difficulty of getting away from the pull of street culture. Having had a relatively happy and stable relationship for several years, coinciding with better mental health, a job and sense of purpose, the end of that relationship swiftly led to her going back to where she felt a “connection”, a drug dealer who knew her which she associated with having a sense of belonging:

When I was with [partner] and we were both PT [Personal Trainers] everything was fine … my life was absolutely the best … No domestic violence or nothing. I was just happy … I was drug free, like totally, just normal just normal shit and he broke my heart and that and I ended up, like not back on heroin just crack. I started using cocaine and drinking and that you know, cos he left us. And then from then I went out like a coke dealer who I knew from all them years ago when I had [...] who used to serve us up. And I felt like a connection with him cos he knew us (Gillian).

Intimate relationships were entered into out of necessity, following crisis points (homelessness, death of previous partner) and women described partners exacerbating drug use, or precipitating further trauma and abuse.

McGrath J., Crossley S., Lhussier M, & Forster N. (2023). Social capital and women’s narratives of homelessness and multiple exclusion in northern England. International Journal for Equity in Health, 22, 41.

Publication 2023

Cocaine Domestic Violence Drug Abuse Feelings Females Foot Heart Heroin Mental Health Persons, Homeless Pharmaceutical Preparations SELL protein, human Woman Wounds and Injuries Youth

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More about "Mental Health"

Mental wellbeing, psychological health, emotional wellness, behavioral health, mental hygiene, psychosocial health, psyche, mentality, mindset, mindfulness, stress management, counseling, therapy, psychiatry, psychology, neuroscience, neurology, cognitive function, mood disorders, anxiety, depression, ADHD, PTSD, addiction, trauma, resilience, coping strategies, self-care, holistic health, lifestyle factors, social determinants of health, epidemiology, data analysis, SAS 9.4, Stata 15, SPSS 25, SPSS 26, SPSS 20, Stata 16, Stata 14.
Mental health is a crucial aspect of overall well-being, influencing how we think, feel, and act in our daily lives, relationships, and quality of life.
Maintaining good mental health is essential for optimal functioning and overall health.
This comprehensive term encompasses an individual's emotional, psychological, and social well-being, covering a wide range of mental health conditions, treatment approaches, and prevention strategies.
Leveraging advanced analytical tools like SAS, Stata, and SPSS can help researchers and clinicians uncover insights, identify effective interventions, and streamline mental health research for improved patient outcomes and public health.
By addressing mental health holistically, we can promote resilience, enhance coping mechanisms, and support individuals in achieving their full potential.