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Blood Physiological Phenomena

Blood physiological phenomena refer to the diverse biological processes and functions related to the composition, properties, and dynamics of blood within the human body.
This includes the examination of blood components, such as cells, proteins, and other molecules, as well as the regulatory mechanisms that govern blood homeostasis and circulation.
The study of blood physiology is crucial for understanding cardiovascular health, immune function, and the body's overall response to various stimuli.
Researchers in this field investigate topics rangin from blood clotting and pressure regulation to the transport of nutrients and gases.
By exploring the intricacies of blood physiological phenomena, scientists can develop more effective diagnostic tools, therapeutic interventions, and strategies to optimize human health and wellbeing.

Most cited protocols related to «Blood Physiological Phenomena»

1
Functional MRI of Visual Cortex Using BOLD Imaging
Functional T2* MR images were acquired using a GE 3-Tesla Sigma Excite HDX MRI scanner. Gradient-recalled echo pulse sequences were used to measure blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signal as a function of time (TR = 3000 ms, TE = 29 ms, FOV = 192 cm, 128 × 128 matrix, 39 contiguous slices, 1.5 × 1.5 × 1.5 mm3, interleaved slice order with no gap). A 16-channel phased-array half-head coil positioned at the occipital pole of the subject was used to measure MR signal focused on the visual cortex. A high-resolution T1-weighted 3D anatomical data set was used for co-registration of functional and structural data. This was acquired using an 8-channel phased-array full-head coil (TR = 7.8 ms, TE = 3 ms, TI = 450 ms, FOV = 290 × 290 x 276, 256 × 256 × 176 matrix, flip angle = 20°, 1.13 × 1.13 × 1.0 mm3).
The data obtained from these functional scans were analyzed using BrainVoyager QX software (Version 3.0, Brain Innovation). Preprocessing of this data included spatial smoothing (3 mm Gaussian kernel, full width at half maximum), 3D motion correction, slice scan timing correction, and high-pass (GLM-Fourier) temporal filtering (0.01 Hz). Multiple linear regression was then applied to the data allowing contrasts to be made between moving–static conditions within each subject across multiple runs. Hemodynamic responses were corrected appropriately for neurovascular lag (Boynton et al. 1996 (link)).
Strong S.L., Silson E.H., Gouws A.D., Morland A.B, & McKeefry D.J. (2016). A Direct Demonstration of Functional Differences between Subdivisions of Human V5/MT+. Cerebral Cortex (New York, NY), 27(1), 1-10.
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Publication 2016
Blood Physiological Phenomena Brain Cell Respiration Contrast Media ECHO protocol Head Hemodynamics Pulse Rate Radionuclide Imaging Visual Cortex
2
Metabolic Profiling in Insulin Signaling Mice
All protocols were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. Ten-week-old C57Bl6 mice that consumed standard (CON) or HF chow for 10 to 12 weeks were used for experiments on metabolic characterization, insulin-mediated signal transduction in the vasculature, blood pressure, vascular function, detection of vascular oxidant load, and mRNA expression. Similar experiments were completed in TTr-IR−/−13 (link),19 (link),20 (link) mice, Akt1−/−14 (link) mice, and their WT littermates. Detailed procedures are provided in the expanded Materials and Methods section in the online data supplement at http://circres.ahajournals.org.
Symons J.D., McMillin S.L., Riehle C., Tanner J., Palionyte M., Hillas E., Jones D., Cooksey R.C., Birnbaum M.J., McClain D.A., Zhang Q.J., Gale D., Wilson L.J, & Abel E.D. (2009). Contribution of Insulin and Akt1 Signaling to Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase in the Regulation of Endothelial Function and Blood Pressure. Circulation research, 104(9), 1085-1094.
Publication 2009
AKT1 protein, human Blood Physiological Phenomena Blood Pressure Blood Vessel Dietary Supplements Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees Insulin Mus Oxidants RNA, Messenger Signal Transduction
3
Mouse Exposure to Aircraft Noise
All animals were treated in accordance with the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals as adopted by the U.S. National Institutes of Health and approval was granted by the Ethics Committee of the University Medical Center Mainz and the Landesuntersuchungsamt Rheinland-Pfalz (Koblenz, Germany; permit number: 23 177-07/G 12-1-021 E3 and 23 177-07/G 15-1-094). Noise exposure consisted of repetitive playbacks of a 2 hour long noise pattern of 69 aircraft noise events with a duration of 43 s and a maximum sound pressure level of 85 dB(A) and a mean sound pressure level of 72 dB(A), which does not lead to hearing loss.24 (link) Noise events were separated by silent periods with irregular distribution to prevent early adaptation. The noise pattern was played back from downward facing loudspeakers mounted approximately 30 cm above the mouse cages with a Grundig MS 540 compact sound system with a total output of 65 W. Loudness and corresponding sound pressure levels were calibrated with a Class II Sound level meter (Casella CEL-246) within one the cages at initial setup. Actual SPLs during exposure was continuously recorded during the study period with the same device placed between cages with upward facing microphone. The average SPL (Leq3) is 72 dB(A) at a usual background noise level of 48 dB(A) in the animal facility. In control experiments, mice were exposed to ‘white noise’ (this is a random noise with constant spectral density within the range of human hearing from 20 Hz to 20 kHz) using exactly the same average SPL as for aircraft noise. All SPL and maximum sound pressure levels were measured within the mouse cages.
For further information of the methodology employed for determination of blood pressure, stress hormones, vascular function, nitric oxide quantification, oxidative stress parameters, inflammatory pathways, gene and protein expression, next generation sequencing see the Supplementary material online.
Münzel T., Daiber A., Steven S., Tran L.P., Ullmann E., Kossmann S., Schmidt F.P., Oelze M., Xia N., Li H., Pinto A., Wild P., Pies K., Schmidt E.R., Rapp S, & Kröller-Schön S. (2017). Effects of noise on vascular function, oxidative stress, and inflammation: mechanistic insight from studies in mice. European Heart Journal, 38(37), 2838-2849.
Publication 2017
Acclimatization Animals Animals, Laboratory Blood Physiological Phenomena Determination, Blood Pressure Ethics Committees Genes Hearing Impairment Homo sapiens Hormones Inflammation Medical Devices Mus Oxidative Stress Oxide, Nitric Pressure Proteins Sound
4
Prenatal Lead Exposure and Infant Neurodevelopment
Descriptive statistics and appropriate transformations were performed before bivariate analyses. Outliers were identified using the ESD (Extreme Studentized Deviate) Many-Outlier procedure (Rosner 1983 ). We calculated Spearman correlation coefficients among the lead measurements. Height and weight data were transformed into Z-scores by using World Health Organization (WHO)/National Center for Health Statistics/ CDC reference data (WHO 1979 ) and interpreted as indices of a child’s nutritional status. Variables considered to be potential confounders based on biologic plausibility, regardless of statistical significance, and those significantly (p < 0.1) associated with MDI scores in bivariate analyses were included in multiple linear regression models; given these criteria, confounders included were child’s sex, blood lead at 24 months of age, height for age z-score and weight, as well as maternal age and intelligence quotient. All models featured loge-transformed lead measures because this procedure provided the best fit. We first generated “single-trimester” models, in which we evaluated the associations between MDI score and loge-transformed plasma and whole blood lead levels during each trimester of pregnancy adjusting for potential confounders. We generated “multitrimester” models, incorporating, in each model, the data from either plasma or whole blood lead concentrations from all three trimesters. We also ran models using maternal plasma lead or whole blood lead, averaged over all three trimesters.
To enable better comparability of the relative effects of plasma lead and blood lead, we compared effect estimates for a 1-SD change in each exposure metric. We carried out a similar analysis using loge-transformed cord blood lead levels as a proxy variable for prenatal lead exposure. To account for environmental exposure to lead in postnatal life, we also modeled MDI as a function of the child’s blood lead concentrations at 24 months of age.
Due to postponed visits to the research center visits of some women, misclassification of the timing of some of the visits occurred (e.g., a visit intended for the first trimester occurred during the second trimester; see Figure 1 for graphic display of misclassification). To account for the potential bias in results, we repeated the “intention to treat” analyses presented in this article, including only those observations that were correctly classified as corresponding to the first, second, and third trimesters of pregnancy according to actual gestational age.
Regression diagnostics were performed on all models to evaluate multicollinearity, distributional assumptions on the error term, and potentially influential data points. When the latter were detected, we fit new models excluding these observations. All statistical analyses were performed using STATA (STATA Statistical Software, release 8.0; StataCorp, College Station, TX, USA).
Hu H., Téllez-Rojo M.M., Bellinger D., Smith D., Ettinger A.S., Lamadrid-Figueroa H., Schwartz J., Schnaas L., Mercado-García A, & Hernández-Avila M. (2006). Fetal Lead Exposure at Each Stage of Pregnancy as a Predictor of Infant Mental Development. Environmental Health Perspectives, 114(11), 1730-1735.
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Publication 2006
Biopharmaceuticals BLOOD Blood Physiological Phenomena Child Environmental Exposure Gestational Age Mothers Plasma Umbilical Cord Blood Woman
5
Stroke Rehabilitation Protocols Categorization
Based on consensus between the authors, physical therapy interventions for the rehabilitation of patients with stroke were divided into: (1) interventions related to gait and mobility-related functions and activities, including novel methods focusing on efficient resource use, such as circuit class training and caregiver-mediated exercises; (2) interventions related to arm-hand activities; (3) interventions related to activities of daily living; (4) interventions related to physical fitness; and (5) other interventions which could not be classified into one of the other categories. In addition, attention was paid to (6) intensity of practice and (7) neurological treatment approaches.
The ICF [15] , [23] was used to classify the outcome measures into the following domains: muscle and movement functions (e.g. muscle power functions [b730], control of voluntary movement functions [b760], muscle tone functions [b735]), joint and bone functions (e.g. mobility of joint functions [b710]), sensory functions (e.g. proprioceptive function [b260], touch function [b365], sensory functions related to temperature and other stimuli [b720]), gait pattern functions [b770] (e.g. gait speed, stride length), functions of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems (e.g. heart functions [b410], blood pressure functions [b420], respiration functions [b440], respiratory muscle functions [b445], exercise tolerance functions [b455]), mental functions (e.g. quality of life, depression), balance (e.g. changing basic body position [d410], maintaining a body position [d415]), walking [d450] (e.g. distance, independence, falls), arm-hand activities (e.g. fine hand use [d440], hand and arm use [d445]), basic ADL (e.g. washing oneself [d510], toileting [d520], dressing [d540], eating [d550], urination functions [d620]), extended ADL (e.g. acquisition of goods and services [d620], preparing meals [d630], doing housework [d640], recreation and leisure [d920]), and attitudes (e.g. individual attitudes of immediate or extended family members, like caregiver strain [e410 and e425 respectively]). The primary outcomes were at the body functions and activities and participation levels, while secondary outcomes included contextual factors.
Veerbeek J.M., van Wegen E., van Peppen R., van der Wees P.J., Hendriks E., Rietberg M, & Kwakkel G. (2014). What Is the Evidence for Physical Therapy Poststroke? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. PLoS ONE, 9(2), e87987.
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Publication 2014
Attention Basal Bodies Blood Physiological Phenomena Bones Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena Cerebrovascular Accident Exercise Tolerance Family Member Heart Human Body Joints Movement Muscle Tissue Muscle Tonus Patients Pressure Proprioception Range of Motion, Articular Rehabilitation Respiratory Physiology Respiratory System Strains Therapy, Physical Touch Urination

Most recents protocols related to «Blood Physiological Phenomena»

1
Ultrasound-Guided Radiofrequency Ablation for Liver Tumors
The blood routine, coagulation function, and liver and kidney function were checked preoperatively, and enhanced CT or MRI examination was well-established. The puncture path was determined based on the specific location and size of the tumor under ultrasound. Ultrasound-guided live speaking ablation electrodes are needled into the tumor, and RFA begins after reaching the location. The specific ablation power and time were determined by the lesion size. Ultrasound during ablation was monitored in real-time to avoid damage to the intrahepatic ducts. Ablation margins for all tumors, except subcapsular, were planned to be at least 0.5 cm from the tumor border. The ablation process ends when the echogenic area created by RFA is large enough to cover the entire tumor and surrounding normal liver to achieve an adequate ablation margin on ultrasound.
The PLR is calculated as the platelet count divided by the lymphocyte count, and NLR is calculated as the neutrophils count divided by the lymphocyte count.
Chen R., Hou B., Zhou Y., Zhang T., Wang Z., Chen X., Zhang Y, & Chen M. (2023). Recurrence after percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma: Analysis of the pattern and risk factors. Frontiers in Oncology, 13, 1018715.
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Publication 2023
Blood Physiological Phenomena Coagulation, Blood Kidney Liver Lymphocyte Count Neoplasms Neutrophil Platelet Counts, Blood Punctures Ultrasonography
2
Resilience in Older Adults Undergoing Allogeneic Transplant
All patients aged 60 and above who were undergoing alloBMT for a hematologic malignancy between July 2019 and March 2020 at one academic institution were offered participation in a non-therapeutic observational study (NCT04188678). This parent study, REBOUND, evaluates physical resilience in older adults receiving a stem cell transplant and involves physical function assessments, questionnaires about general health, cognitive assessments, personality/psychological assessments, and physiologic measures of blood, saliva, glucose tolerance, heart rate variability, and MRI collected during clinical visits. The parent study does not offer any intervention and does not intend to improve personal resilience or transplant survival. Only those who could not walk independently or speak English fluently were excluded from the parent study. Demographic, clinical data, and survivorship data were collected on all participants that were approached for enrollment. Characteristics and outcomes were compared between two groups: 1) those who elected to participate in the non-therapeutic parent study and 2) those who declined enrollment in the parent study but underwent alloBMT during the same time period at the same institution. This study was approved by the Johns Hopkins Institutional Review Board (IRB# 00,279,188).
Thornton C.P., Bandeen-Roche K., Dolinar M., Roberts Lavigne L.C., George Lansey D., Jones R., Walston J., Varadhan R., Hladek M, & Imus P. (2023). Clinical trial participation predicts improved survival in older adults receiving allogeneic blood and marrow transplant. BMC Geriatrics, 23, 120.
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Publication 2023
Aged Blood Physiological Phenomena Cognition Glucose Graft Survival Hematologic Neoplasms Immune Tolerance Parent Patients Personality Assessment Physical Examination Rate, Heart Saliva Therapeutics Transplantations, Stem Cell
3
Vascular Function in Hiroshima Atomic Bomb Survivors
Between August 2010 and June 2021, a total of 131 atomic bomb survivors were recruited for vascular function measurement from subjects who attended the outpatient clinic at Hiroshima University Hospital, and 3,966 control subjects who were not exposed to the atomic bomb were recruited from the Hiroshima University Hospital Vascular Registry. All of the atomic bomb survivors who participated in the study consented to the measurement and study participation, and those who did not consent were excluded. An atomic bomb survivor was defined as an individual who was formally issued an Atomic Bomb Health Handbook based on the law concerning assistance for atomic bomb survivors and who met one or more of the following conditions: having been directly exposed within a few kilometers of the hypocenter of the atomic bomb, having entered within two kilometers of the hypocenter within 2 weeks after the bombing, having been engaged in rescue or other related activities, and having been exposed in utero. The cohort of Atomic Bomb Survivors in Hiroshima (ABS) included about 290,000 atomic bomb survivors in Hiroshima who were issued an Atomic Bomb Health Handbook. ABS was a cohort study that was started in 1971 by the Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine of Hiroshima University. Details of the ABS study methods were described previously (22 (link)). Of the 3,966 control subjects, 2,813 subjects who were less than 65 years old were excluded because this study was started 65 years after the atomic bombing and the youngest age of the atomic bomb survivors was 65 years. Finally, 1,153 control subjects were enrolled in this study. Diabetes mellitus was defined according to the criteria provided by the American Diabetes Association or a previous diagnosis of diabetes (23 (link), 24 (link)). The definition of dyslipidemia was based on the third report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (25 (link)).
All measurements were done in the morning, after overnight fasting, in a quiet, dark, air-conditioned room (constant temperature of 22–25°C) during the study. FMD, NID, baPWV, and brachial artery IMT were measured, after maintaining the supine position for 30 min. The observers masked the clinical characteristics of the subjects and the aim of the study. All methods were carried out according with the Declaration of Helsinki and relevant guidelines and regulations. The study was approved by the Ethics Review Board of Hiroshima University. Written informed consent was obtained from all subjects.
Kishimoto S., Oda N., Maruhashi T., Tanigawa S., Mizobuchi A., Yusoff F.M., Fujita A., Uchiki T., Kajikawa M., Yoshimura K., Yamaji T., Harada T., Hashimoto Y., Nakano Y., Hirota S., Yoshinaga S., Goto C., Nakashima A, & Higashi Y. (2023). Effect of exposure to radiation caused by an atomic bomb on endothelial function in atomic bomb survivors. Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, 10, 1122794.
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Publication 2023
Atomic Bomb Survivors Blood Physiological Phenomena Blood Vessel Brachial Artery Cholesterol Diabetes Mellitus Diagnosis Dyslipidemias Pharmaceutical Preparations Programmed Learning Uterus
4
Vascular Function in Atomic Bomb Survivors
Results are summarized as means ± SD for continuous variables and as percentages for categorical variables. A 2-sided probability value of <0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance. The FMD value in subjects over 60 years old was determined to be 2.7 ± 2.5% in a previous study (29 (link)). The number of subjects needed to detect a difference of 1.0% FMD and a standard deviation (SD) of 2.5% between two groups with a probability of 0.05 and a power of 0.80 was 100 per group. Continuous variables were compared by using ANOVA. Categorical variables were compared by using chi-square test. Relationships between variables were determined using Spearman’s correlation coefficients. To create a matched cohort of control subjects and atomic bomb survivors, a propensity score was calculated using logistic regression analysis of the probability of baseline clinical variables in two models: model 1 including age and sex and model 2 including age, sex, body mass index, heart rate, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, and current smokers. To create matched pairs to investigate the associations of exposure to radiation with vascular function and vascular structure, matched pairs were using one-to-one propensity-score matching analyses. The caliper size of propensity scores was used a quarter of a standard deviation of the sample estimated propensity scores for comparison of vascular function. The data were processed using JMP pro version 15 (SAS Institute, Cary, NC, USA).
Kishimoto S., Oda N., Maruhashi T., Tanigawa S., Mizobuchi A., Yusoff F.M., Fujita A., Uchiki T., Kajikawa M., Yoshimura K., Yamaji T., Harada T., Hashimoto Y., Nakano Y., Hirota S., Yoshinaga S., Goto C., Nakashima A, & Higashi Y. (2023). Effect of exposure to radiation caused by an atomic bomb on endothelial function in atomic bomb survivors. Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, 10, 1122794.
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Publication 2023
Atomic Bomb Survivors Blood Physiological Phenomena Blood Vessel Diabetes Mellitus Dyslipidemias High Blood Pressures Index, Body Mass neuro-oncological ventral antigen 2, human Radiation Rate, Heart
5
UK Biobank: A Comprehensive Health Cohort
The UK Biobank cohort comprised 9.1 million eligible individuals, 8.6 million of which did not respond or did not provide consent. Thus, at baseline, the UK Biobank included 502,478 Britons (5.5% of the total UK Biobank cohort), aged 38–73 years, across 22 UK cities from the UK National Health Service Register between 2006 and 2010, 90 M of which were linked to national health registries. Participants responded to questionnaires and a computer-assisted interview, and they were subject to physical and functional measures and blood, urine, and saliva sampling [16 (link)]. Data included personalized information of the participants, including socio-economic, behavior and lifestyle, mental health battery, clinical diagnoses and therapies, genetics, imaging and physiological biomarkers from blood and urine samples. The cohort protocol can be found in the literature [17 (link),18 (link)].
, & Vallée A. (2023). Association between Social Isolation and Loneliness with Estimated Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk in a UK Biobank Population-Based Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(4), 2869.
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Publication 2023
Biological Markers BLOOD Blood Physiological Phenomena Diagnosis Health Services, National Mental Health Physical Examination Saliva Urine

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Endopat 2000 by Itamar Medical
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The EndoPAT 2000 is a non-invasive diagnostic device designed to measure endothelial function, a key indicator of cardiovascular health. The device uses plethysmography to detect changes in arterial pulsatile volume, providing a measure of endothelial function.
2
Wire myograph system by Danish Myo Technology
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The Wire Myograph System is a laboratory equipment designed for the study of vascular function. It allows for the measurement of the contractile properties of small blood vessels. The system can be used to assess the responses of blood vessels to various pharmacological agents or other stimuli.
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4
Endopat by Itamar Medical
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EndoPAT is a non-invasive medical device that measures endothelial function, which is an indicator of vascular health. The device uses finger-mounted probes to detect changes in blood volume that occur in the fingertip in response to a temporary blockage of blood flow. The data collected by EndoPAT is then analyzed to provide information about the function of the endothelium, the innermost layer of the blood vessels.
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More about "Blood Physiological Phenomena"

Blood physiology encompasses the diverse biological processes, functions, and dynamics related to the composition, properties, and homeostasis of blood within the human body.
This field of study examines the various components of blood, including cells, proteins, and other molecules, as well as the regulatory mechanisms that govern blood circulation and cardiovascular health.
Researchers in this domain investigate a wide range of topics, from blood clotting and pressure regulation to the transport of nutrients and gases.
The examination of blood physiological phenomena is crucial for understanding the body's immune function and overall response to various stimuli.
Techniques such as the EndoPAT 2000, Wire myograph system, and Vevo 2100 Imaging System are often utilized to assess vascular function and cardiovascular health.
Additionally, tools like the BD Multitest 6-color TBNK reagent and SPSS software are employed to analyze blood cell populations and statistical data, respectively.
By exploring the intricacies of blood physiology, scientists can develop more effective diagnostic tools, therapeutic interventions, and strategies to optimize human health and wellbeing.
Software like GraphPad Prism 5, Prism 6, and Prism 8 are commonly used to visualize and analyze data related to blood physiological phenomena.
Furthermore, the use of Penicillin/streptomycin helps researchers maintain cell cultures and ensure the integrity of their experiments.
The field of blood physiology is constantly evolving, and the insights gained from this area of study are crucial for advancements in cardiovascular medicine, immunology, and the overall understanding of the human body.
Platforms like PubCompare.ai can assist researchers in locating and optimizing the best protocols from literature, pre-prints, and patents, ultimately enhancing the reproducibility and accuracy of their blood physiological research.