During the baseline period before the rollout of the intervention commenced, two parasitological prevalence surveys were conducted in a cross section of the study population. Households were randomly selected for inclusion in each prevalence survey to the point where 10 % of the population was included. All members of selected households were informed in advance of the date and time of the survey and were invited to assemble at a public place such as a church or a school near their home for malaria testing. In total, residents of 790 randomly selected households were sampled, covering 1223 houses. The first survey examined 1822 individuals (7.8 % of the total island population) and was carried out during the start of the short rainy season starting from September and finishing in November 2012. A second prevalence survey examined 1810 individuals (7.7 % of the total population) and was conducted from February to April 2013. Individual body temperature was measured by means of a Braun™ IRT 3020 ear thermometer. A drop of blood was obtained through a finger prick and directly tested for antigens of malaria parasites using an SD BIOLINE™ Malaria Ag P.f/Pan (HRP-II/pLDH) Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT). The SD Bioline RDT kit results distinguish between infection with P. falciparum and other Plasmodium species. However, tests results with more than one positive reading or indicating multiple species of Plasmodium were pooled. If the individual tested positive for malaria antigens, an appropriate dose of Coartem® (Artemether/lumefantrine) was provided free of charge.
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Body Temperature
Body Temperature
Body Temperature: The degree of warmth or heat of an animal or human body.
It is the result of heat produced in and dissipated from the body.
Normal body temperature in humans is 98.6°F (37°C).
Deviation from this normal may indicate a medical disorder or disease, and can provide valuable insights for researchers studying physiological processes.
It is the result of heat produced in and dissipated from the body.
Normal body temperature in humans is 98.6°F (37°C).
Deviation from this normal may indicate a medical disorder or disease, and can provide valuable insights for researchers studying physiological processes.
Most cited protocols related to «Body Temperature»
Antigens
BLOOD
Body Temperature
Coartem
Fingers
Households
Infection
Lumefantrine, Artemether
Malaria
Parasites
Plasmodium
Rain
Rapid Diagnostic Tests
Reagent Kits, Diagnostic
Thermometers
Eight rats were used for the in vivo experiments, which were performed under deep urethane anesthesia (4 g/kg, i.p.). Each rat was placed on a heating pad to maintain body temperature throughout the experiment. The right femoral vein and artery were cannulated. EBD, which was prepared as a 4% solution in 0.9% saline, was injected as a single bolus dose of 2 ml/kg via the venous cannula. After a 120 min period to enable uniform blood distribution, the EBD-stained blood was collected from the arterial cannula. The blood samples were placed on ice until centrifugation at 10,000 × g to sediment blood cells, and the EBD-stained plasma supernatants were collected in separate tubes. EBD extraction from plasma was accomplished via the addition of 50% TCA at 1:1-1:3 volume–ratios, which resulted in a [TCAfinal] of 25.0, 33.3, and 37.5%, respectively. Immediately following blood collection, each rat was thoroughly perfused with 0.9% saline to rid the circulation of remaining dye, and the perfused brain and liver tissues were collected. For extraction, the brain and liver tissues were placed in 1:1–1:5 weight (mg):volume (µl) ratios of 50% TCA, and they were homogenized for 5 min (continuous beating) using a metal-bead homogenizer (BULLET BLENDER® BBX24). The TCA/extracts from the plasma, brain, and liver samples were centrifuged at 10,000 × g for 20 min to remove precipitates, tissue debris, and metal beads, and the supernatants were added to a 96-well plate (30 µl per well, each plate supplemented with 90 µl of 95% ethanol and thoroughly mixed by pipetting) for fluorescence spectroscopy (620 nm/680 nm).
Anesthesia
Arteries
BLOOD
Blood Cells
Body Temperature
Brain
Cannula
Centrifugation
Ethanol
Fluorescence Spectroscopy
Liver
Metals
Normal Saline
Plasma
Tissues
Urethane
Vein, Femoral
Veins
A series of different bacterial doses were administered to freely fed mice to titrate the severity of the model. Mice received various amounts of CS stock by injection into the peritoneal cavity. The frozen CS (kept in 15% glycerol at −80°C) was rapidly thawed by submerging the cryovial(s) in a 37°C water bath, mixed thoroughly, and used immediately for injection with a 21-gauge needle. Rectal body temperature was monitored for each mouse shortly before injection and thereafter at multiple time-points and survival was monitored for at least 10 days. Circulating bacteria were monitored by plating diluted blood taken by tail vessel microsampling from each mouse at 12, 24, and/or 48 h after CS injection.
Bacteria
Bath
BLOOD
Blood Vessel
Body Temperature
Freezing
Glycerin
Mus
Needles
Peritoneal Cavity
Rectum
Tail
Healthy (n = 2), MCAO (n = 3) and tumor bearing rats (n = 3) were imaged using 35-mm diameter quadrature RF coil (m2m Imaging Corp., Cleveland, OH, USA). Animals were kept under anesthesia (1.5% isoflurane in 1 l min−1 oxygen) and kept warm with the warm air generated from a heater. Respiration and body temperature were monitored using a MRI compatible small animal monitor system (SA Instruments, Inc., Stony Brook, NY, USA). CEST imaging was performed using a frequency selective continuous wave saturation pulse followed by a segmented GRE readout sequence. The imaging parameters were: FOV = 35 × 35 mm2, slice thickness = 2 mm, flip angle = 15°, TR = 6.2 ms, TE = 2.9 ms, matrix size = 128 × 128, number of averages = 2, with one saturation pulse and 32 segments acquired every 4 s. CEST images were collected using a 1 s long rectangular saturation pulse at B1rms of 250 Hz (5.9 μT) at multiple frequencies in the range − 5 to + 5 p.p.m. with a step size of 0.2 p.p.m.. Data for B1 and B0 maps were also acquired. In vivo exchange rate in healthy rat brain at 9.4T was measured using a previously described method14 (link).
In tumor bearing rats, along with GluCEST data, water suppressed stimulated echo acquisition mode (STEAM) single voxel spectra were obtained with the following parameters: voxel size = 11 × 8 × 5 mm3, spectral width = 4 kHz, Number of points = 2048, average = 128, TE = 8 ms, TR = 6 s.
After collecting the baseline CEST map and 1HMRS, the animals were injected with 2.5 ml, 100 mM glutamate solution through the tail vein. CEST and 1HMRS data were gathered periodically for about 2 h post injection.
In tumor bearing rats, along with GluCEST data, water suppressed stimulated echo acquisition mode (STEAM) single voxel spectra were obtained with the following parameters: voxel size = 11 × 8 × 5 mm3, spectral width = 4 kHz, Number of points = 2048, average = 128, TE = 8 ms, TR = 6 s.
After collecting the baseline CEST map and 1HMRS, the animals were injected with 2.5 ml, 100 mM glutamate solution through the tail vein. CEST and 1HMRS data were gathered periodically for about 2 h post injection.
Anesthesia
Animals
Body Temperature
Brain
Calculi
Cell Respiration
ECHO protocol
Glutamate
Isoflurane
Microtubule-Associated Proteins
Neoplasms
Oxygen
Pulse Rate
Rattus
Tail
Veins
The procedure was adapted from Passini et al. [13] (link). The time of delivery was monitored closely as it was crucial to distinguish between P0, P2 and P3 pups. P0 pups were injected as close as possible to their birth (0–6 hours postnatal). The naïve pups were covered in aluminum foil and completely surrounded in ice for 3–4 min, resulting in the body temperature being lowered to <10°C. The pups are completely cryoanesthetized when all movement stops and the skin color changes from pink to purple. Cryoanesthetized neonates were injected using 10 µl Hamilton syringes (30° beveled) at an angle of 45° to a depth of 1.5 mm. 2 µl of virus (1013 viral genomes/ml) was slowly injected into the ventricle and the needle slowly retracted. After injection pups were allowed to completely recover on a warming blanket and then returned to the home cage.
Aluminum
Birth
Body Temperature
Cerebral Ventricles
Infant, Newborn
Movement
Needles
Obstetric Delivery
Skin Pigmentation
Syringes
Viral Genome
Virus
Most recents protocols related to «Body Temperature»
Example 13
The instant study is designed to test the efficacy in cotton rats of candidate hMPV vaccines against a lethal challenge using an hMPV vaccine comprising mRNA encoding Fusion (F) glycoprotein, major surface glycoprotein G, or a combination of both antigens obtained from hMPV. Cotton rats are challenged with a lethal dose of the hMPV.
Animals are immunized intravenously (IV), intramuscularly (IM), or intradermally (ID) at week 0 and week 3 with candidate hMPV vaccines with and without adjuvant. Candidate vaccines are chemically modified or unmodified. The animals are then challenged with a lethal dose of hMPV on week 7 via IV, IM or ID. Endpoint is day 13 post infection, death or euthanasia. Animals displaying severe illness as determined by >30% weight loss, extreme lethargy or paralysis are euthanized. Body temperature and weight are assessed and recorded daily.
In experiments where a lipid nanoparticle (LNP) formulation is used, the formulation may include a cationic lipid, non-cationic lipid, PEG lipid and structural lipid in the ratios 50:10:1.5:38.5. The cationic lipid is DLin-KC2-DMA (50 mol %) or DLin-MC3-DMA (50 mol %), the non-cationic lipid is DSPC (10 mol %), the PEG lipid is PEG-DOMG (1.5 mol %) and the structural lipid is cholesterol (38.5 mol %), for example.
Animals
Antigens
Body Temperature
Cations
Cholesterol
Euthanasia
Glycoproteins
Human Metapneumovirus
Infection
Lethargy
Lipid Nanoparticles
Lipids
Membrane Glycoproteins
Pharmaceutical Adjuvants
Rats, Cotton
RNA, Messenger
Rodent
Vaccines
Example 6
SPF female ICR mice were obtained at 3 weeks of age from Taconic Farms (Hudson, NY), and used for the experiments after one-week acclimation. Mice were housed at the Isolation Unit of the Central Animal Facility (University of Guelph) in a temperature controlled environment with a 12 h light/dark cycle. Animal care was provided in accordance with the animal utilization protocol no. 04R030 (University of Guelph) and the Guide to the Care and Use of Experimental Animals (1). Mice were fed sterilized solid rodent chow and water. When needed, water was supplemented with Amp and Km at a concentration of 400 mg L−1 and 200 mg L−1, respectively. Each mouse was assessed daily for weight, body temperature, signs of dehydration, posture and alertness.
Acclimatization
Animals
Body Temperature
Dehydration
Females
isolation
Mice, House
Mice, Inbred ICR
Rodent
Example 4
Bifidobacterium breve M-16V (NITE BP-02622) is added to 3 mL of an MRS liquid medium and is anaerobically cultured at 37° C. for 16 hours, and the culture liquid is concentrated, followed by lyophilization, to obtain a lyophilized powder of the bacterium (bacterial powder). The bacterial powder and a prebiotic (lactulose, raffinose, and galactooligosaccharide) are uniformly mixed to obtain a composition. The composition is provided to elderly persons as a liquid food for the aged. The composition is daily provided at breakfast for one week such an amount that the intake of the Bifidobacterium breve M-16V (NITE BP-02622) is 1×1088 to 1×10110 CFU/kg body/day. When Bifidobacterium breve M-16V (NITE BP-02622) is killed cells, CFU/kg body/day can be replaced by (individual cells)/kg body/day. Note that the composition may be mixed with a food or drink, such as a fermented milk. By orally administering the composition, modulation of palatability, maintenance of body temperature, and protection of a blood vessel can be expected. Furthermore, the composition can be used for preventing or treating unbalanced diet, sensitivity to cold, hypothermia, myocardial infarction, ischemia-reperfusion injury, cardiac hypertrophy, diabetic cardiomyopathy, arteriosclerosis, or vascular plaque formation.
Arteriosclerosis
Bacteria
Bifidobacterium breve
Blood Vessel
Body Temperature
Cardiac Hypertrophy
Cells
Cold Temperature
Dental Plaque
Diabetic Cardiomyopathies
Diet
fibroblast growth factor 21
Food
Freeze Drying
Human Body
Hypersensitivity
Lactulose
Milk, Cow's
Myocardial Infarction
Powder
Prebiotics
Raffinose
Reperfusion Injury
secretion
Example 18
The instant study is designed to test the efficacy in cotton rats of candidate PIV3 vaccines against a lethal challenge using a PIV3 vaccine comprising mRNA encoding hemagglutinin-neuraminidase or fusion protein (F or F0) obtained from PIV3. Cotton rats are challenged with a lethal dose of the PIV3.
Animals are immunized intravenously (IV), intramuscularly (IM), or intradermally (ID) at week 0 and week 3 with candidate PIV3 vaccines with and without adjuvant. Candidate vaccines are chemically modified or unmodified. The animals are then challenged with a lethal dose of PIV3 on week 7 via IV, IM or ID. Endpoint is day 13 post infection, death or euthanasia. Animals displaying severe illness as determined by >30% weight loss, extreme lethargy or paralysis are euthanized. Body temperature and weight are assessed and recorded daily.
In experiments where a lipid nanoparticle (LNP) formulation is used, the formulation may include a cationic lipid, non-cationic lipid, PEG lipid and structural lipid in the ratios 50:10:1.5:38.5. The cationic lipid is DLin-KC2-DMA (50 mol %) or DLin-MC3-DMA (50 mol %), the non-cationic lipid is DSPC (10 mol %), the PEG lipid is PEG-DOMG (1.5 mol %) and the structural lipid is cholesterol (38.5 mol %), for example.
Animals
Body Temperature
Cations
Cholesterol
Euthanasia
Hemagglutinin
Infection
Lethargy
Lipid Nanoparticles
Lipids
Neuraminidase
Pharmaceutical Adjuvants
Proteins
Rats, Cotton
RNA, Messenger
Rodent
Vaccines
Example 3
Bifidobacterium breve M-16V (NITE BP-02622) is added to 3 mL of an MRS liquid medium and is anaerobically cultured at 37° C. for 16 hours, and the culture liquid is concentrated, followed by lyophilization, to obtain a lyophilized powder of the bacterium (bacterial powder). Next, crystalline cellulose is put in an agitation granulator and mixed. Then, purified water was added, followed by granulation. The granulated product is dried to obtain granules that contain an extracted component of the bacterium and an excipient. By administering the composition, modulation of palatability, maintenance of body temperature, and protection of a blood vessel can be expected. Furthermore, the composition can be used for preventing or treating unbalanced diet, sensitivity to cold, hypothermia, myocardial infarction, ischemia-reperfusion injury, cardiac hypertrophy, diabetic cardiomyopathy, arteriosclerosis, or vascular plaque formation.
Arteriosclerosis
Bacteria
Bifidobacterium breve
Blood Vessel
Body Temperature
Cardiac Hypertrophy
Cellulose
Cold Temperature
Cytoplasmic Granules
Diabetic Cardiomyopathies
Diet
Excipients
fibroblast growth factor 21
Freeze Drying
Hypersensitivity
Myocardial Infarction
Powder
Reperfusion Injury
secretion
Senile Plaques
Top products related to «Body Temperature»
Sourced in Canada, United States, Japan
The Vevo 2100 is a high-resolution, real-time in vivo imaging system designed for preclinical research. It utilizes advanced ultrasound technology to capture detailed images and data of small animal subjects.
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The Stereotaxic frame is a laboratory instrument used to immobilize and position the head of a subject, typically an animal, during surgical or experimental procedures. It provides a secure and reproducible method for aligning the subject's head in a three-dimensional coordinate system to enable precise targeting of specific brain regions.
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Urethane is a synthetic material used in the manufacture of various laboratory equipment. It is known for its durability, chemical resistance, and versatility. The core function of urethane is to provide a reliable and durable material for the construction of various lab instruments and equipment.
Sourced in Canada, United States, Japan
The Vevo 770 is a high-resolution, real-time, in vivo micro-imaging system designed for small animal research. It employs high-frequency ultrasound technology to produce detailed anatomical and functional images.
Sourced in Canada, United States
The Vevo 2100 Imaging System is a high-resolution ultrasound platform designed for preclinical research applications. It provides real-time, high-quality imaging of small animals and other biological samples.
Sourced in Canada, United States
The Vevo 2100 system is a high-frequency, high-resolution micro-ultrasound imaging platform designed for preclinical research applications. The system utilizes advanced transducer technology to capture real-time, high-quality images and data from small animal models.
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Rompun is a veterinary drug used as a sedative and analgesic for animals. It contains the active ingredient xylazine hydrochloride. Rompun is designed to induce a state of sedation and pain relief in animals during medical procedures or transportation.
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Isoflurane is a volatile anesthetic agent used in the medical field. It is a clear, colorless, and nonflammable liquid that is vaporized and administered through inhalation. Isoflurane is primarily used to induce and maintain general anesthesia during surgical procedures.
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Isoflurane is an inhaled anesthetic agent used to induce and maintain general anesthesia in medical and veterinary settings. It is a clear, colorless, and volatile liquid. Isoflurane functions as a potent and effective anesthetic by depressing the central nervous system, resulting in unconsciousness, analgesia, and muscle relaxation.
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Pentobarbital sodium is a laboratory chemical compound. It is a barbiturate drug that acts as a central nervous system depressant. Pentobarbital sodium is commonly used in research and scientific applications.
More about "Body Temperature"
Body temperature, core temperature, thermogenesis, thermoregulation, heat production, heat dissipation, hypothermia, hyperthermia, fever, Vevo 2100, Stereotaxic frame, Urethane, Vevo 770, Vevo 2100 Imaging System, Vevo 2100 system, Rompun, Isoflurane, Pentobarbital sodium.
Body temperature is a crucial physiological parameter that reflects the degree of warmth or heat of an animal or human body.
It is the result of a delicate balance between heat production and heat dissipation within the body.
The normal body temperature in humans is typically around 98.6°F (37°C), but this can vary slightly depending on factors such as age, gender, time of day, and physical activity.
Deviations from this normal range can indicate a medical disorder or disease, and can provide valuable insights for researchers studying various physiological processes.
For example, hypothermia (abnormally low body temperature) and hyperthermia (abnormally high body temperature) can have significant impacts on the body's functions and can be indicative of underlying health issues.
When conducting body temperature research, it is important to have access to accurate and reliable tools and methods.
Imaging techniques such as the Vevo 2100 Imaging System and the Vevo 770 can be used to measure and monitor body temperature in animal models.
These systems, along with anesthetic agents like Urethane, Rompun, Isoflurane, and Pentobarbital sodium, can help researchers create controlled experimental conditions and obtain precise temperature data.
By incorporating insights from these tools and techniques, researchers can enhance the reproducibility and accuracy of their findings, leading to a better understanding of the complex mechanisms underlying body temperature regulation and its implications for human and animal health.
Body temperature is a crucial physiological parameter that reflects the degree of warmth or heat of an animal or human body.
It is the result of a delicate balance between heat production and heat dissipation within the body.
The normal body temperature in humans is typically around 98.6°F (37°C), but this can vary slightly depending on factors such as age, gender, time of day, and physical activity.
Deviations from this normal range can indicate a medical disorder or disease, and can provide valuable insights for researchers studying various physiological processes.
For example, hypothermia (abnormally low body temperature) and hyperthermia (abnormally high body temperature) can have significant impacts on the body's functions and can be indicative of underlying health issues.
When conducting body temperature research, it is important to have access to accurate and reliable tools and methods.
Imaging techniques such as the Vevo 2100 Imaging System and the Vevo 770 can be used to measure and monitor body temperature in animal models.
These systems, along with anesthetic agents like Urethane, Rompun, Isoflurane, and Pentobarbital sodium, can help researchers create controlled experimental conditions and obtain precise temperature data.
By incorporating insights from these tools and techniques, researchers can enhance the reproducibility and accuracy of their findings, leading to a better understanding of the complex mechanisms underlying body temperature regulation and its implications for human and animal health.