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Conception

Conception is the process of becoming pregnant involving fertilization or implantation or both.
Conception may involve natural or assisted reproductive technologies.
This MeSH term provides a concise, informative overview of the biological process by which a new individual is prpouced.

Most cited protocols related to «Conception»

1
Exploring PIDD1 Expression and Function in Brain Development
In order to better understand the possible connection between PIDD1 and the brain developmental phenotypes observed in individuals with mutations disrupting PIDD1 function, we used publically available transcriptomic datasets (gene expression microarray and RNAseq) for PIDD1, and co-expression with related genes to explore commonalities in temporaspatial expression. Firstly, we used data from the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project to explore gross anatomical gene expression for humans through the GTEx Portal (https://www.gtexportal.org/home/). Secondly, we used Allen Brain Atlas data (www.brainspan.org) to look at temporospatial mRNA expression for human brain from 8 weeks post-conception to 40 years of age, using RNAseq and gene expression microarray23 (link), and from RNAseq data from the PsychEncode dataset24 (link). Adult Human transcriptomic comparisons were performed with the Allen Human Brain Atlas data25 (link). Co-expression analysis of BrainSpan datasets was performed as described previously26 (link) (https://hbaset.msl.ubc.ca/). Thirdly, we used single-cell RNAseq data from fetal and postnatal mouse brains, for which cell types have been classified according to spatial and taxonomical cluster analysis (www.mousebrain.org)27 (link),28 . Data were analyzed from the single-gene perspective (PIDD1/Pidd1 alone), also with PIDDosome interactors (PIDD1/Pidd1+CRADD/Cradd+CASP2/Casp2), or with a gene set of PIDD1 interactors (P gene set: PIDD1, CRADD, CASP2, MADD, FADD) plus genes relevant to lissencephaly (L gene set: RELN, TUBA1A, NDE1, KATNB1, CDK5, ARX, DCX, LPHN1, LPHN2, LPHN3).
Sheikh T.I., Vasli N., Pastore S., Kharizi K., Harripaul R., Fattahi Z., Pande S., Naeem F., Hussain A., Mir A., Islam O., Girisha K.M., Irfan M., Ayub M., Schwarzer C., Najmabadi H., Shukla A., Sladky V.C., Braun V.Z., Garcia-Carpio I., Villunger A, & Vincent J.B. (2021). Biallelic mutations in the death domain of PIDD1 impair caspase-2 activation and are associated with intellectual disability. Translational Psychiatry, 11, 1.
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Publication 2021
Adult Brain CASP2 protein, human CDK5 protein, human Cells Conception FADD protein, human Fetus Gene Expression Gene Expression Profiling Genes Genotype Homo sapiens Lissencephaly MADD protein, human Mice, Laboratory Microarray Analysis Mutation Phenotype PIDD1 protein, human RELN protein, human RNA, Messenger Single-Cell RNA-Seq Tissues
2
Evaluating Bateman Comorbidity Index
The population‐based study cohort consisted of all women who delivered a live or stillborn infant in a hospital in the Calgary Zone of Alberta Health Services and conceived between 4 November 2007 and 23 February 2008 (n = 5995). Full details of data linkage can be found elsewhere,7 but briefly this dataset was created by linked records from 12 unique clinical and administrative databases, and contains data on all healthcare contacts that occurred 3 months prior to conception, during pregnancy and 3 months post‐partum. Ethical approval for this study was provided by the Conjoint Health Research Ethics Board at the University of Calgary.
Comorbid conditions included in the Bateman comorbidity index were defined using the ICD‐9‐CM (Clinical Modification) codes specified in Bateman's original article in the physician claims data and were converted to ICD‐10‐CA (Canadian Modification) codes for use in the hospitalisation and emergency room data (Appendix S1, see Supporting Information). Comorbidity scores were derived by searching all coding positions (up to 25, 10 and three diagnostic codes, respectively, are allowed in hospitalisation, emergency room and physician billing data) for an ICD code of interest to determine whether a particular comorbidity was present, multiplying by the weights derived by Bateman et al. (see Table 1) and summing to create a summary score. Two outcome measures were assessed – maternal end‐organ damage and extended length of stay for delivery. Maternal end‐organ damage was defined according to Bateman et al. (Appendix S2, see Supporting Information), and an extended length of stay for delivery was defined as a length of stay ≥3 days following a vaginal delivery or ≥5 days following a caesarean delivery. Initially, all healthcare contacts (inpatient data, emergency room visits and outpatient physician claims) occurring pre‐conceptionally and during pregnancy were searched for diagnosis codes for comorbid conditions and all healthcare contacts from the time of delivery to 3 months post‐partum were searched for diagnosis codes related to maternal end‐organ damage. This search was then restricted to inpatient hospitalisation data only and, finally, to delivery records only. Comorbidities, maternal end‐organ injury and length of stay were identified at the time of delivery if they appeared in any of the 25 diagnostic fields of a hospitalisation that also contained a Z37.x ICD‐10‐CA code.
The prevalence of individual comorbidities and the overall comorbidity score were assessed by reporting source (all healthcare contacts, hospitalisation records only and delivery records only). The kappa statistic was used to examine the agreement between data sources for comorbidities that affected at least five women. The discrimination of the comorbidity index was assessed in each reporting source by constructing logistic regression models predicting either maternal end‐organ damage or extended length of stay for delivery using the continuous comorbidity score as the exposure variable and measuring AUC. The stratification capacity (proportion of women categorised as low and high risk) was assessed by examining the proportion of women allocated to each score, and calibration accuracy (correlation between predicted and observed outcomes) was assessed by examining the Brier score (the sum of the average squared error difference between the forecasted and observed outcome, with ‘0’ representing perfect forecasting) and what proportion of women in each comorbidity category experienced end‐organ damage or an extended length of stay for delivery. Finally, odds ratios and 95% CIs (derived from logistic regression) were used to illustrate the association between the comorbidity index and each outcome of interest. All analyses were conducted using Stata 12 SE (Stata Corp., College Station, TX, USA).
Metcalfe A., Lix L., Johnson J., Currie G., Lyon A., Bernier F, & Tough S. (2015). Validation of an obstetric comorbidity index in an external population. Bjog, 122(13), 1748-1755.
Publication 2015
Cesarean Section Conception Diagnosis Discrimination, Psychology Infant Injuries Inpatient Obstetric Delivery Outpatients Physicians Pregnancy Vagina Woman
3
Prenatal Lead Exposure and Child Development
We use data from an ELEMENT (Early Life Exposures in Mexico to Environmental Toxicants) study cohort of mother–child pairs recruited during pregnancy or before conception (Téllez-Rojo et al. 2004 (link)). We use maternal blood lead concentrations ascertained during study visits scheduled within each trimester. Low birth weight (< 2,500 g) and preterm (< 37 weeks) children were excluded. Children’s mental development was measured at 24 months using Bayley’s Mental Development Index (MDI24) (Bayley 1993 ). We also collected other participant characteristics (Table 1); data collection procedures are reported elsewhere (Hu et al. 2006 (link); Téllez-Rojo et al. 2004 (link)). This analysis was restricted to n = 169 participants with complete covariates (mother’s age and IQ, breast-feeding duration, and child’s sex, height, weight, and blood lead level at 24 months) and at least one measure of prenatal lead exposure.
Participants gave written informed consent before data collection. The study was approved by the institutional review boards of the hospitals where participants were recruited, the National Institute of Public Health of Mexico, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard School of Public Health, and the University of Michigan.
Sánchez B.N., Hu H., Litman H.J, & Téllez-Rojo M.M. (2010). Statistical Methods to Study Timing of Vulnerability with Sparsely Sampled Data on Environmental Toxicants. Environmental Health Perspectives, 119(3), 409-415.
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Publication 2010
BLOOD Child Child Development Conception Ethics Committees, Research Mothers Pregnancy Vaginal Diaphragm Woman
4
Genetic Correlates of General Risk Tolerance
We used bivariate LD Score regression9 (link) to estimate genetic correlations between general risk tolerance and various phenotypes. We used the scores computed by Finucane et al.50 , which are based on genotypic data from the European-ancestry samples in the 1000 Genomes Project and only HapMap3 SNPs. As is common in the literature, we restricted our analyses to SNPs with MAF > 0.01. We used the summary statistics of the meta-analysis combining our discovery and replication GWAS of general risk tolerance to estimate genetic correlations with general risk tolerance, and we used the summary statistics of our GWAS of adventurousness, our four main risky behaviors, and their first PC to estimate genetic correlations with those phenotypes. For most other phenotypes, we used published GWAS results. We obtained the summary statistics from the GWAS of lifetime cannabis use25 (link) and of ADHD51 from the International Cannabis Consortium and the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium, respectively. We conducted our own GWAS using the first release of the UKB data for five phenotypes: age first had sexual intercourse (n = 98,956), teenage conception among females (n = 40,077), use of sun protection (n = 111,560), household income (n = 97,059), and Townsend deprivation index score (n = 112,192). The sex-specific GWAS of general risk tolerance used to estimate the genetic correlation between males and females were conducted in the full release of UKB data, separately for males and females, following the same methodology and QC protocol as for our other GWAS in the full release of UKB data. The Supplementary Note and Supplementary Tables 9, 31 provide additional details. Also, the Supplementary Note, Supplementary Table 32, and Supplementary Fig. 15 report the results of proxy-phenotype analyses in which we examined whether the general-risk-tolerance lead SNPs tend to also be associated with related phenotypes.
Linnér R.K., Biroli P., Kong E., Meddens S.F., Wedow R., Fontana M.A., Lebreton M., Tino S.P., Abdellaoui A., Hammerschlag A.R., Nivard M.G., Okbay A., Rietveld C.A., Timshel P.N., Trzaskowski M., de Vlaming R., Zünd C.L., Bao Y., Buzdugan L., Caplin A.H., Chen C.Y., Eibich P., Fontanillas P., Gonzalez J.R., Joshi P.K., Karhunen V., Kleinman A., Levin R.Z., Lill C.M., Meddens G.A., Muntané G., Sanchez-Roige S., van Rooij F.J., Taskesen E., Wu Y., Zhang F., Auton A., Boardman J.D., Clark D.W., Conlin A., Dolan C.C., Fischbacher U., Groenen P.J., Harris K.M., Hasler G., Hofman A., Ikram M.A., Jain S., Karlsson R., Kessler R.C., Kooyman M., MacKillop J., Männikkö M., Morcillo-Suarez C., McQueen M.B., Schmidt K.M., Smart M.C., Sutter M., Thurik A.R., Uitterlinden A.G., White J., de Wit H., Yang J., Bertram L., Boomsma D.I., Esko T., Fehr E., Hinds D.A., Johannesson M., Kumari M., Laibson D., Magnusson P.K., Meyer M.N., Navarro A., Palmer A.A., Pers T.H., Posthuma D., Schunk D., Stein M.B., Svento R., Tiemeier H., Timmers P.R., Turley P., Ursano R.J., Wagner G.G., Wilson J.F., Gratten J., Lee J.J., Cesarini D., Benjamin D.J., Koellinger P.D, & Beauchamp J.P. (2019). Genome-wide association analyses of risk tolerance and risky behaviors in over one million individuals identify hundreds of loci and shared genetic influences. Nature genetics, 51(2), 245-257.
Publication 2019
Cannabis Coitus Conception DNA Replication Europeans Females Genome Genome-Wide Association Study Genotype Households Immune Tolerance Male Genital Organs Males Phenotype Reproduction Single Nucleotide Polymorphism
5
Reciprocal Mendelian Randomization for Causal Inference
In the set-up of Figure 2, but where it is uncertain whether Z is a mediator of X or vice versa, it is additionally possible to test for a causal effect between X and Z in both directions. IVs for X can be used to estimate the causal effect of X on Z, and IVs for Z can be used to estimate the causal effect of Z on X. These estimates can be used to orientate the direction of causal effect (if any) between the exposure and mediator. Such an analysis has been named ‘reciprocal Mendelian randomization’.30
As genetic subgroups of a population defined by an IV represent subpopulations with long-term average differences in the exposure of interest,31 (link) the causal effects estimated in a Mendelian randomization analysis represent long-term relationships, equivalent to a randomized trial where the intervention is made at conception. As such, changes in the effects of the exposure and mediator over time and feedback between the exposure and mediator cannot be addressed by a conventional Mendelian randomization analysis. This has consequences for the interpretation of all Mendelian randomization estimates,32 (link) and particularly in a mediation setting, where a ‘bidirectional’ causal relationship between X and Z may reflect an effect of (say) X on Z in early life, and Z on X in later life. Ideally in mediation analyses, biological knowledge should be used to provide a causal ordering of the exposure, mediator and disease. Where this is not possible, reciprocal Mendelian randomization approaches may provide evidence on the direction of causal effects, although all such estimates rely on the assumption that these effects do not vary in direction over time.
Burgess S., Daniel R.M., Butterworth A.S, & Thompson S.G. (2014). Network Mendelian randomization: using genetic variants as instrumental variables to investigate mediation in causal pathways. International Journal of Epidemiology, 44(2), 484-495.
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Publication 2014
Biopharmaceuticals Conception Population Group

Most recents protocols related to «Conception»

1
Exosome-mediated Delivery of Nucleic Acid-binding Protein
Not available on PMC !

Example 27

The binding of CIBN and CRY2 in cells expressing CIBN-EGFP-CD9 and Nucleic acid-binding protein-mCherry-Cry2 at 488 nm wavelength blue light, and the loading of Nucleic acid-binding protein within the exosome is evaluated.

For the massive production of Nucleic acid-binding protein-loaded exosomes, cells stably expressing CIBN-EGFP-CD9 gene and Nucleic acid-binding protein-mCherry-CRY2 gene are established, and exosomes are isolated and purified by Tangential Flow Filtration (TFF) method from culture supernatant.

Functional analysis of Nucleic acid-binding protein-loaded exosomes is performed in target cells:

Target cells are treated with Nucleic acid-binding protein-loaded exosomes to show the functional activity.

Animal models are administered with Nucleic acid-binding protein-loaded exosomes by i.p. or i.v. to show therapeutic effect.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the conceptions and specific embodiments disclosed in the foregoing description may be readily utilized as a basis for modifying or designing other embodiments for carrying out the same purposes of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will also appreciate that such equivalent embodiments do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the appended Claims.

US11872193B2. Compositions containing protein loaded exosome and methods for preparing and delivering the same (2024-01-16). ILIAS BIOLOGICS INC. [KR]. Inventors: Chulhee Choi [KR], Nambin Yim [KR], Won Do Heo [KR], Seung-Wook Ryu [KR], Hojun Choi [KR], Kyungsun Choi [KR].
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Patent 2024
Animal Model Binding Proteins Cells Conception Exosomes Filtration Gene Products, Protein Genes Nucleic Acids Therapeutic Effect Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand Superfamily Member 14
2
Frailty-Focused eConsult Comparison for LTC and Community-Dwelling Older Adults
This study was a retrospective analysis comparing eConsult cases submitted on behalf of LTC residents (“LTC cases”) versus cases submitted on behalf of community-dwelling older adults (“community cases”), using a 1:1 matching design based on patient age and gender. Cases were characterized by 1) a text-parsing computer algorithm to identify frailty-related terms in the text of communication logs, and 2) a clinician-led review of cases to provide clinical judgement of the level of frailty-related content in the eConsult. Study conception, design, and interpretation of findings were conducted with a multidisciplinary team (see "Patient and Public Involvement” in Supplemental Methods).
Hakimjavadi R., Karunananthan S., Fung C., Levi C., Helmer-Smith M., LaPlante J., Gazarin M., Rahgozar A., Afkham A., Keely E, & Liddy C. (2023). Using electronic consultation (eConsult) to identify frailty in provider-to-provider communication: a feasibility and validation study. BMC Geriatrics, 23, 136.
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Publication 2023
Aged Clinical Reasoning Conception Patients
3
Continuity Nursing Intervention for Surgical Patients
The control group received routine nursing, as described below: Preoperative nursing: patients scheduled for surgery on the second day were visited by the attending doctor, anesthesiologist, and nurse strictly in accordance with medical procedures. The patients were told about the timing of the operation, successful surgical cases, the risks of anesthesia and anesthetic precautions to ensure that they received conscious attention and to help build confidence in patients to overcome the disease. Health education: implement targeted health education based on the level of education, avoiding formatting, helping patients to establish a “correct” illness conception and treat it with a more positive attitude, mainly by giving them confidence in understanding their condition, actively participating in treatment-related discussions, building trust, relieving stress and avoiding medical disputes; Postoperative care: a responsible nurse should have a high level of compassion and responsibility, use a genuine attitude, be as considerate as the patient, guide the patient and their family to take extra care of the patient, choose a delicious diet, taboo in front of patients to mention sensitivity topics and help the patient during the chemotherapy period; Discharge guidance: instructing patients functional exercises for the upper limbs.
The observation group received a continuity model-based nursing intervention, which is described below:
Yao J., He W., Chen H, & Qi Y. (2023). Nursing effect of continuous nursing intervention based on “Internet Plus” on patients with severe adrenal tumor. Medicine, 102(10), e33187.
Publication 2023
Anesthesia Anesthesiologist Anesthetics Attention Conception Consciousness Diet Health Education Hypersensitivity Nurses Operative Surgical Procedures Patient Discharge Patients Pharmacotherapy Physicians Postoperative Care Upper Extremity
4
Evaluating Sense of Presence and Cybersickness in Virtual Environments
The four presence dimensions were assessed with a 16-item questionnaire in French (Table 2, Wagener and Simon, in preparation) that is consistent with Slater’s (2009 (link)) and Biocca and colleagues’ (2003) theoretical conceptions. Participants replied on a 7-point scale ranging from 1 = “totally disagree” to 7 = “totally agree”. The four dimensions included “place illusion” (i.e., the sense of being in the place); “plausibility illusion” (i.e., the feeling that the scenario is actually taking place); “copresence illusion” (i.e., the sense of sharing the environment with other characters); and “social presence illusion” (i.e., the feeling that a psychological link exists between oneself and the other characters). Scores of each dimension range from 4 to 28 with higher scores indicating higher sense of presence. The psychometric qualities of this questionnaire are satisfactory (confirmatory factorial analysis: χ2/dl = 167.63/98 = 1.71; RMSEA = 0.067; SRMR = 0.06; CFI = 0.996; TLI = 0.995, McDonald’s omega: ωplace = 0.89, ωplausibility = 0.88, ωcopresence = 0.80, ωsocial = 0.81).

Items measuring the four dimensions of presence in English and French

Place illusion

I felt like I was “there”, in the immersive environment

J'avais l'impression d'être « là», dans l'environnement immersif

I felt I was present in the environment

J’ai eu l’impression d’être présent(e) dans l'environnement

I felt enfulged by the virtual environment

Je me suis senti(e) enveloppé(e) par l’environnement virtuel

I felt like I was in the same place as the characters and/or objects

J’avais l’impression d’être dans le même lieu que les personnages et/ou objets

Plausibility illusion

The virtual environment seemed real

L’environnement virtuel me semblait réel

It was as if the elements had really happened

Pour moi, c'est comme si les éléments s'étaient réellement produits

The events I experienced seemed real

Les événements vécus me semblaient réels

The world I interacted with felt real

Le monde avec lequel j'ai interagi me semblait réel

Co-presence illusion

I felt like I was interacting with other humans

J'ai eu le sentiment d'interagir avec d'autres êtres humains

I felt the presence of other people in the environment

J'ai ressenti la présence d'autres personnes dans l'environnement

I felt that characters were aware of my presence

J’ai eu l’impression que les personnages étaient conscients de ma présence

I felt that characters could respond to my actions

J’ai eu l’impression que des personnages pouvaient répondre à mes actions

Social presence illusion

I felt psychologically connected to other individuals

Je me suis senti psychologiquement connecté aux autres individus

I describe the social interactions I experienced as intimate and personal

Je peux qualifier les interactions sociales vécues d'intimes et personnelles

I felt part of/excluded from a group

J'avais le sentiment de faire partie / d'être exclu d'un groupe

I felt a positive or negative connection with the characters

J'ai senti un lien positif ou négatif avec les personnages

Cybersickness was assessed with the French version (Bouchard et al. 2011 ) of the Simulator Sickness Questionnaire (SSQ; Kennedy et al. 1993 (link)). The SSQ consists of 16 items distributed across two subscales that assess nausea (SSQN) and oculomotor symptoms (SSQOM). Participants reply on 4-point Likert scale ranging from 0 = “not at all” to 3 = “severely” regarding the extent to which the symptom is present. Scores range from 0 to 24 for each subscale with higher scores indicating higher levels of cybersickness.
Della Libera C., Simon J., Larøi F., Quertemont E, & Wagener A. (2023). Using 360-degree immersive videos to assess multiple transdiagnostic symptoms: A study focusing on fear of negative evaluation, paranoid thoughts, negative automatic thoughts, and craving. Virtual Reality.
Publication 2023
Character Conception Feelings Illusions Nausea Psychometrics Spleen Submersion
5
Measuring Mental Well-being and Social Support in Koreans
The Warwick–Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (WEMWBS) consists of 14 questions that aim to build on previous scales and capture a wide conception of well-being, including the affective-emotional aspects, cognitive-evaluative dimensions, and psychological functioning [12 (link)]. We used the Korean version of the WEMWBS, which has good content validity and reliability [13 ]. To assess participants’ degrees of anxiety, depression, and insomnia, we respectively used the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) [14 -16 (link)]. These scales were translated into Korean and their reliability and validity have been confirmed [17 -19 (link)]. Finally, to understand the participants’ level of social support, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) was used. It assesses an individual’s perception of the amount of external social support they receive. It has been tested on individuals of different age groups and from various cultural backgrounds, and is a reliable and valid instrument. The MSPSS consists of three subscales: family, friends, and significant others [20 ]. We used the Korean version of the MSPSS to confirm its reliability and validity [21 ].
Park J., Lee S.I., Lee J., Youn H, & Kim S.G. (2023). Factors Affecting Stress and Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Psychiatry Investigation, 20(2), 152-161.
Publication 2023
Age Groups Anxiety Anxiety Disorders Cognition Conception Emotions Friend Koreans Sleeplessness Social Perception

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More about "Conception"

Conception is the process of becoming pregnant, involving the fertilization of an egg by a sperm or the implantation of a fertilized egg in the uterus.
This biological process can occur naturally or through assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) such as in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intrauterine insemination (IUI).
The term conception is often used interchangeably with terms like fertilization, implantation, and pregnancy.
Fertilization is the fusion of the male sperm and female egg, while implantation is the attachment of the fertilized egg to the uterine lining.
Conception can be influenced by various factors, including age, health conditions, genetics, and environmental factors.
Conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), endometriosis, and male factor infertility can impact the conception process.
Assisted reproductive technologies, such as SAS 9.4 (Statistical Analysis System) and Penicillin/streptomycin, can be used to support the conception process.
C57BL/6J mice and B6.Cg-Tg (HIST1H2BB/EGFP) 1Pa/J mice are commonly used in research related to conception and embryo development.
Additionally, the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit and FBS (Fetal Bovine Serum) may be utilized in various laboratory procedures related to conception and reproductive biology.
The C57BL/6J mouse strain and GlutaMAX supplement are also commonly used in such research.