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Otoscopy

Otoscopy is the examination of the external ear and tympanic membrane using a specialized instrument called an otoscope.
This procedure is essential for diagnosing a variety of ear conditions, including ear infections, foreign objects, and structural abnormalities.
PubCompare.ai's AI-driven platform enhances research reproducibility and accuracy in the field of Otoscopy by helping researchers easily locate protocols from literature, pre-prints, and patents, and leveraging AI-powered comparisons to identify the best protocols and products for their studies.
This improves the quality and reliabilty of Otoscopy research, ensuring more accurate and reliable results.

Most cited protocols related to «Otoscopy»

1
Mucinous Airway Defects in Mice
Mice were used with Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee approvals. Muc5ac−/− mice were generated previously16 (link). Muc5b−/− and Muc5bTg mice were generated here. Muc5b protein was assessed immunohistochemically using rabbit polyclonal antisera. Ciliary beat, MCC, and transport were assessed as described previously. Lung function was measured using a head-out plethysmograph and a flexiVent (Scireq, Montreal, Quebec, Canada), and blood oxygen was assessed using a pulse oximeter. Otitis media was assessed by visual otoscopy and middle ear lavage (MEL). Pulmonary inflammation was assessed by histology and lung lavage. Lavaged leukocytes were identified by light microscopy and flow cytometry. Neutrophils, macrophages, MHC-II, and apoptotic cells, were detected using commercially available Ab’S and reagents. S. aureus was administered by 10 μl intranasal or 50 μl intratracheal inocula at 107-108 CFU/animal. Bacteria and bacterial DNA were isolated from MEL, lung homogenates, and lung lavage pellets. Isolated colonies were phylotyped by 16S rRNA and mecA sequencing. Kaplan-Meier (1f and 3h, l), regression (1e and 2f), one-sided t-test (1g-i, k, l; 2b-e, g; 3b, c, f, g, j, k, and 4c, d, f, g, i, j), and one-way ANOVA (3i and 4a, h, j, l) with appropriate corrections for multiple comparisons, unequal variances, and non-Gaussian distribution were carried out using GraphPad Prism v5.04 (GraphPad Software, Inc., La Jolla, CA). Full methods are found in Supplementary Information.
Roy M.G., Livraghi-Butrico A., Fletcher A.A., McElwee M.M., Evans S.E., Boerner R.M., Alexander S.N., Bellinghausen L.K., Song A.S., Petrova Y.M., Tuvim M.J., Adachi R., Romo I., Bordt A.S., Gabriela Bowden M., Sisson J.H., Woodruff P.G., Thornton D.J., Rousseau K., De la Garza M.M., Moghaddam S.J., Karmouty-Quintana H., Blackburn M.R., Drouin S.M., William Davis C., Terrell K.A., Grubb B.R., O’Neal W.K., Flores S.C., Cota-Gomez A., Lozupone C.A., Donnelly J.M., Watson A.M., Hennessy C.E., Keith R.C., Yang I.V., Barthel L., Henson P.M., Janssen W.J., Schwartz D.A., Boucher R.C., Dickey B.F, & Evans C.M. (2013). Muc5b Is Required for Airway Defense. Nature, 505(7483), 412-416.
Publication 2013
5'-N-methylcarboxamideadenosine Animals Apoptosis Bacteria Blood Bronchoalveolar Lavage Cells DNA, Bacterial Eyelashes Flow Cytometry Head Immune Sera Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees Leukocytes Light Microscopy Lung Macrophage Middle Ear MUC5AC protein, human MUC5B protein, human Mus neuro-oncological ventral antigen 2, human Neutrophil Otitis Media Otoscopy Oxygen Pellets, Drug Plethysmography Pneumonia prisma Proteins Pulse Rate Rabbits Respiratory Physiology RNA, Ribosomal, 16S Staphylococcus aureus
2
Eustachian Tube Dysfunction Diagnostic Protocol
Patients were prospectively enrolled from the clinical practice of the senior author (v.k.a.). All subjects were outpatients who presented for otolaryngologic evaluation at a tertiary referral center between August 2010 and October 2010. All patients included in this study were at least 18 years old. Patients were diagnosed as having ETD if they had a retracted or poorly mobile tympanic membrane on pneumatic otoscopy, with a history of at least two of the following symptoms in one or both ears over the previous 1 month period: aural fullness or pressure, a sensation of clogged or muffled hearing, recurrent or persistent middle ear effusion (defined as an effusion present on examinations at least 1 month apart), or the inability to rapidly self-equilibrate middle ear pressure following changes in ambient atmospheric pressure. Abnormal impedance audiometry was used as a criterion standard to verify the diagnosis at the time of enrollment. Exclusion criteria included surgery of the head or neck within 3 months; a history of radiation therapy to the head and neck; sinonasal malignancy; evidence of acute upper respiratory infection, including sinusitis and acute otitis media; adenoid hypertrophy; nasal polyposis; cleft palate or history of cleft palate repair; craniofacial syndrome, including Down syndrome; cystic fibrosis; ciliary dysmotility syndrome; or other systemic immunodeficiency. A second group of patients who did not meet these inclusion criteria and who had presented with medical complaints not related to ETD were consecutively enrolled for use as a control group. Presenting complaints for these patients included voice disturbance, tonsil hypertrophy, and intraoral lesions. All of these patients had a normal examination of the tympanic membrane, middle ear, nasal cavity, and nasopharynx. Normal impedance audiometry was used as a criterion standard to verify the absence of ETD. Written informed consent was obtained from each subject, and approval for this study was obtained from the institutional review board of Weill Cornell Medical College.
McCoul E.D., Anand V.K, & Christos P.J. (2012). Validating the Clinical Assessment of Eustachian Tube Dysfunction: The Eustachian Tube Dysfunction Questionnaire (ETDQ-7). The Laryngoscope, 122(5), 1137-1141.
Publication 2012
Adenoids Atmospheric Pressure Ciliary Motility Disorders Cleft Palate Cystic Fibrosis Diagnosis Down Syndrome Ear Ethics Committees, Research Head Hypertrophy Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes Malignant Neoplasms Middle Ear Nasal Cavity Nasal Polyps Nasopharynx Neck NR1D1 protein, human Operative Surgical Procedures Otitis Media Otitis Media with Effusion Otoscopy Outpatients Palatine Tonsil Patients Physical Examination Pressure Radiotherapy Sinusitis Syndrome Tympanic Membrane Upper Respiratory Infections Voice Disorders
3
Evaluating Immune Response and Otitis Media in Chinchilla Model
Blood for serum was collected via cardiac puncture prior to immunization (pre) and one week after receipt of the second immunizing dose (immune) for all animals immunized via a preventative regimen. Animals immunized via a therapeutic regimen were bled prior to NTHI challenge and at study end.
NP lavages were performed on animals immunized via a preventative regimen prior to immunization, one week after receipt of the final dose and on days 3, 7, 10, and 14 after bacterial challenge by passive inhalation of 500 μl sterile pyrogen-free saline as previously described 24 (link).
Video otoscopy (using a 0°, 3-in. probe connected to a digital camera system) to monitor signs of tympanic membrane inflammation and/or presence of fluid within the middle ear space was performed and overall signs of OM were rated on a scale of 0 to 4+ as previously described 7 (link), 24 (link), 31 (link) . Middle ears with a score of ≥ 2.0 were always considered positive for OM as MEF is visible behind the tympanic membrane. Each middle ear was considered independent, and for each cohort, the percentage of middle ears with OM was calculated.
Epitympanic taps to retrieve middle ear effusions were performed on any chinchilla whose tympanic membrane was rated as ≥ 2.5 on a scale of 0 to +4.0. Epitympanic taps were not performed on ears ranked 2.0, due potential for perforation of the tympanic membrane to retrieve the low volume of MEF. NP lavage and middle ear fluids were serially diluted and plated onto chocolate agar supplemented with 15 μg ampicillin/ ml medium or chocolate agar, respectively, to semi-quantitate CFU NTHI per ml fluid type. The mean CFU NTHI/ ml fluid was reported for each cohort.
Novotny L.A., Clements J.D, & Bakaletz L.O. (2011). Transcutaneous immunization as preventative and therapeutic regimens to protect against experimental otitis media due to nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae. Mucosal Immunology, 4(4), 456-467.
Publication 2011
Agar Ampicillin Animals Bacteria Cacao Chinchilla Ear Fingers Heart Inflammation Membrane Potentials Middle Ear Otitis Media with Effusion Otoscopy Punctures Pyrogens Saline Solution Serum Sterility, Reproductive Therapeutics Treatment Protocols Tympanic Membrane Tympanic Membrane Perforation Vaccination
4
Characterizing NTHi Antigens in Childhood AOM

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Publication 2010
Antigens Child Children's Health Chinchilla Communicative Disorders Diagnosis glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase Immunoglobulins Infection Lipoproteins Mucous Membrane Oropharynxs Otitis Media Otoscopy Parenteral Nutrition Pediatricians Proteins Serum Staphylococcal Protein A Strains Tympanostomy Vaccination
5
Collaborative Hearing Impairment Study
The collection of subjects was a collaborative effort of nine expert audiological centers from seven European countries: two from Belgium (Antwerp, Ghent), two from Finland (Tampere, Oulu), one from The Netherlands (Nijmegen), one from Germany (Tübingen), one from Denmark (Copenhagen), one from Italy (Padua), and one from the UK (Cardiff). To collect study subjects, the audiological centers used three different recruitment strategies: (1) A clinic-based sample, whereby subjects are collected through the regular influx of patients visiting an audiological or ENT clinic. As this strategy tends to recruit an excess of people with poor hearing, the spouses of the recruited subjects were asked to join the study. (2) A population-based sample, whereby subjects were collected via advertisements in local media or through local population registers and letters of invitation. (3) A mixed strategy, whereby part of the samples was population-based and the remaining part was clinic-based. The nine sample sets collected by the audiological centers are hereafter referred to as subsamples.
To make each subpopulation ethnically homogeneous, we requested that at least three out of the four grandparents originated from the same region as the study subject. An effort was made to collect an approximately equal number of males and females and to have a uniform age distribution. All responding subjects underwent clinical examination and otoscopy and completed a detailed questionnaire on medical history and exposure to environmental risk factors. The complete questionnaire is available upon request. A list of all questions and answers used in this paper is provided in Supplementary Table 4. Subjects with ear diseases, possible monogenic forms of hearing impairment, or other major pathologies with a possible influence on hearing were excluded. The main goal was to study hearing impairment in healthy subjects and, therefore, persons with multiple hospitalizations were excluded. The complete list of exclusion criteria was previously reported (Van Eyken et al. 2006 (link)). In subjects passing the medical exclusion criteria, audiometric thresholds were determined for air conduction (0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8 kHz) and bone conduction (0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz) according to current clinical standards (ISO 8253). We excluded subjects with asymmetrical hearing loss (between-ear difference in air conduction threshold larger than 20 dB for at least two frequencies out of 0.5, 1, and 2 kHz). In case only one of the ears showed conductive hearing loss (air–bone gap of 15 dB or more at 0.5, 1, and 2 kHz) and in the absence of other exclusion criteria, the other ear could be included.
Research was approved by the ethical committees of the institutions connected to each research center: University of Antwerp, University Hospital of Antwerp, University of Oulu, University Medical Center Nijmegen, Bispebjerg Hospital Copenhagen, University of Tübingen, University Hospital Padova, Cardiff University, University Hospital of Ghent, University of Tampere, and University of Bonn. All persons gave their informed consent before inclusion in this study.
Fransen E., Topsakal V., Hendrickx J.J., Van Laer L., Huyghe J.R., Van Eyken E., Lemkens N., Hannula S., Mäki-Torkko E., Jensen M., Demeester K., Tropitzsch A., Bonaconsa A., Mazzoli M., Espeso A., Verbruggen K., Huyghe J., Huygen P.L., Kunst S., Manninen M., Diaz-Lacava A., Steffens M., Wienker T.F., Pyykkö I., Cremers C.W., Kremer H., Dhooge I., Stephens D., Orzan E., Pfister M., Bille M., Parving A., Sorri M., Van de Heyning P, & Van Camp G. (2008). Occupational Noise, Smoking, and a High Body Mass Index are Risk Factors for Age-related Hearing Impairment and Moderate Alcohol Consumption is Protective: A European Population-based Multicenter Study. JARO: Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology, 9(3), 264-276.
Publication 2008
Audiometry Bone Conduction Bones Conductive Hearing Loss Ear Diseases Electric Conductivity Environmental Exposure Europeans Females Grandparent Healthy Volunteers Hearing Impairment Hospitalization Males Otoscopy Patients Physical Examination Population Group

Most recents protocols related to «Otoscopy»

1
Diagnosis and Evaluation of Otitis Media with Effusion
The key points of diagnosis of OME were as follows: (1) ear symptoms and signs without acute middle ear infection; (2) hearing loss, self-hearing enhancement, or hearing changes with posture changes occuring; (3) a tympanogram showed a “B” or “C” curve; (4) pure tone/behavioral audiometry indicating that the affected ear had mild to moderate conductive hearing loss; and (5) patients who showed tympanic effusion during the ear endoscopy before the operation which was confirmed intraoperatively. Patients diagnosed with OME according to the above criteria were included in the AH + OME group. Pediatric patients without OME were included in the AH group.
Chen W., Yin G., Chen Y., Wang L., Wang Y., Zhao C., Wang W, & Ye J. (2023). Analysis of factors that influence the occurrence of otitis media with effusion in pediatric patients with adenoid hypertrophy. Frontiers in Pediatrics, 11, 1098067.
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Publication 2023
Audiometry, Pure-Tone Conductive Hearing Loss Hearing Impairment Otitis Media Otoscopy Patients Tympanic Cavity
2
Comprehensive Audiological Evaluation Protocol
Traditional audiometry will be conducted in a soundproof booth by a trained audiologist. All participants will be examined bilaterally with otoscopy and tympanometry prior to testing to ensure normal middle ear functions. The tympanometry measurement will be carried out using the Madsen Zodiac Tympanometer (Natus, Taastrup, Denmark). Pure-tone air-conducted thresholds at octave (250–8000 Hz) and interoctave (3000 and 6000 Hz) frequencies will be examined as well as bone-conducted pure-tone thresholds at octave frequencies (250–4000 Hz) in both ears. During the examination, the audiologist will use pure-tone or alternatively warble tones in case of interfering tinnitus if it is deemed necessary for adequate threshold determination. The traditional audiometry session will also include a measure of speech intelligibility by measuring the word discrimination scores (DS) using the DANTALE I word lists. DS is the percentage of correctly repeated words. DANTALE consists of 8 word lists each containing 25 monosyllabic words.23 (link) Each participant will be presented with one list per ear at the most comfortable level (PTA+40 dB). The traditional audiometry will be carried out using a Madsen Astera2 audiometer (Natus, Taastrup, Denmark) connected with the DD65 v2 headphones (RADIOEAR, Minnesota, USA) and in accordance with ISO 8253-143 international standard for audiometric procedures.
Pedersen C.C., Pedersen E.R., Laugesen S., Sanchez-Lopez R., Nielsen J., Sørensen C.B., Sidiras C., Pedersen R.G, & Schmidt J.H. (2023). Comparison of hearing aid fitting effectiveness with audiograms from either user-operated or traditional audiometry in a clinical setting: a study protocol for a blinded non-inferiority randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open, 13(3), e065777.
Publication 2023
Audiologist Audiometry Bones Discrimination, Psychology Middle Ear Otoscopy Tinnitus Tympanometry
3
Age-Related DPOAE Loss Assessment
A control group of healthy subjects aged 18–80 years (n = 158) with even gender distribution divided into 8 groups in decennials were recruited for the assessment of age- and sex-related DPOAE loss (Figure 1). Subjects aged 18–65 years were recruited among blood donors at Nordsjællands Hospital. Subjects aged >65 years were recruited in the Department of Orthopedics at Nordsjællands Hospital among candidates for elective surgery (Figure 1).
Exclusion criteria were familial deafness, head trauma requiring admission, significant history of noise exposure, ear surgery, previous administration of known ototoxic agents (eg, gentamycin), and prior central nervous system disease including meningitis. All subjects underwent otoscopy and tympanometry to rule out external and middle ear pathology.
Jensen E.S., Cayé-Thomasen P., Bodilsen J., Nielsen H., Friis-Hansen L., Christensen T., Christiansen M., Kirchmann M, & Brandt C.T. (2023). Hearing Loss in Bacterial Meningitis Revisited—Evolution and Recovery. Open Forum Infectious Diseases, 10(3), ofad056.
Publication 2023
Central Nervous System Diseases Craniocerebral Trauma Donor, Blood Elective Surgical Procedures Gender Gentamicin Healthy Volunteers Meningitis Middle Ear Orthopedic Surgical Procedures Otologic Surgical Procedures Otoscopy Ototoxicity Tympanometry
4
Prospective Study of Bacterial Meningitis
Patients with ABM were enrolled prospectively on admission and follow-up as outpatients. Otoscopy and tympanometry were performed to rule out external and middle ear pathology.
Inclusion CriteriaPatients were ≥18 years of age, had a clinical presentation strongly suggesting bacterial meningitis (headache, fever, stiffness of the neck, petechiae, confusion or impaired level of consciousness), and had ≥1 of the following:
Jensen E.S., Cayé-Thomasen P., Bodilsen J., Nielsen H., Friis-Hansen L., Christensen T., Christiansen M., Kirchmann M, & Brandt C.T. (2023). Hearing Loss in Bacterial Meningitis Revisited—Evolution and Recovery. Open Forum Infectious Diseases, 10(3), ofad056.
Publication 2023
Consciousness Fever Headache Meningitis, Bacterial Middle Ear Neck Otoscopy Outpatients Patients Petechiae Tympanometry
5
Audiometric Screening Protocol for Hearing Impairment
After otoscopic examination and immittance audiometry, each patient was seated within a double-wall, sound booth that complies with ISO 8253 and in the window view of the examiner but not of the audiometric controls board. Audiological screening of each subject was carried out using a Type 1 two-channel diagnostic audiometer (MADSEN Astera 1066 type, GN Otometrics A/S) and managing data using integrated OTO suite software. The examiners followed the Hughson-Westlake method of obtaining air conduction thresholds for each ear. The four frequency (0.5 KHz, 1 KHz, 2 Khz, 4 KHz) pure tone average threshold (4fPTA) was computed for both ears and then the better ear 4fPTA of each participant was used for statistical analysis. According to the WHO’s Grades of hearing impairment 13 , a 4fPTA ≤ 25 dB HL means no impairment, 26 dB HL ≤ 4fPTA ≤ 40 dB HL mild impairment, 41 dB HL ≤ 4fPTA ≤ 55 dB HL suggests moderately-severe impairment, 56 dB ≤ 4fPTA ≤ 70 dB indicates severe impairment and a 71 dB HL ≤ 4fPTA < 90 dB HL represents profound impairment.
Di Berardino F., Nocini R., Ariotti B., Apa E., Gherpelli C, & Monzani D. (2023). Validity of the Italian adaptation of the Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly (HHIE-It). Acta Otorhinolaryngologica Italica, 43(1), 74-81.
Publication 2023
Audiometry Diagnosis Electric Conductivity Hearing Impairment Otoscopy Patients Sound

Top products related to «Otoscopy»

1
Titan by Interacoustics
Sourced in Denmark
The Titan is a comprehensive diagnostic platform designed to facilitate a wide range of audiological assessments. It provides a versatile and reliable solution for conducting various tests, including tympanometry, acoustic reflex, and otoacoustic emissions. The Titan is a configurable system that can be tailored to meet the specific needs of different clinical settings.
2
Unity pc audiometer by Sennheiser
Sourced in United Kingdom
The Sennheiser Unity PC audiometer is a professional-grade device designed for conducting hearing assessments. It provides accurate and reliable measurements of an individual's hearing thresholds, which are essential for diagnosing and monitoring hearing-related conditions. The Unity PC audiometer is suitable for use in clinical settings, research laboratories, and other professional environments where precise hearing evaluation is required.
3
Gsi tympstar by Grason-Stadler
Sourced in United States
The GSI Tympstar is a middle-ear analyzer used for the assessment of middle-ear function. It measures tympanometry and acoustic reflex thresholds.
4
Ad229b by Interacoustics
Sourced in Denmark
The AD229b is a versatile diagnostic audiometer designed for comprehensive hearing assessments. It features pure tone, speech, and impedance audiometry capabilities to aid in the evaluation of hearing function.
5
Eartone 3a by Etymotic Research
Sourced in United States, United Kingdom
The EARTone 3A is a laboratory-grade insert earphone designed for audiometric testing. It features a precise and calibrated acoustic output for accurate measurement of hearing thresholds and other audiological assessments. The EARTone 3A provides a reliable and consistent sound delivery for consistent and reproducible test results.
6
Hda 200 headphones by Sennheiser
Sourced in Germany
The Sennheiser HDA 200 headphones are high-quality audio monitoring headphones designed for use in professional audio environments. They feature a closed-back design and offer a frequency response of 8 Hz to 25 kHz. The headphones are equipped with 32 Ω impedance drivers and a 5-meter coiled cable for extended reach.
7
Audx pro by Bio-Logic
The AuDX Pro is a compact and versatile audiometric device designed for clinical and laboratory settings. It features integrated software and a user-friendly interface to facilitate efficient hearing assessments. The AuDX Pro provides reliable and accurate measurements of various audiometric parameters, enabling healthcare professionals to evaluate an individual's hearing capabilities.
8
Eclipse ep2 by Interacoustics
Sourced in Denmark
The Eclipse EP2 is a diagnostic audiometer device designed for comprehensive hearing assessments. It features a range of advanced capabilities for conducting various audiometric tests, including pure-tone audiometry, speech audiometry, and tympanometry. The Eclipse EP2 provides healthcare professionals with the tools necessary to accurately evaluate and diagnose hearing disorders.
9
Dpoae20 teb by Interacoustics
Sourced in Denmark
The DPOAE20 + TEb is a comprehensive system designed for the measurement of Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions (DPOAEs) and Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions (TEOAEs). It provides a reliable and efficient solution for assessing inner ear function in a wide range of clinical and research applications.
10
Ac40 audiometer by Interacoustics
Sourced in Denmark
The AC40 audiometer is a diagnostic instrument designed to measure hearing thresholds. It provides pure-tone, speech, and special tests for comprehensive audiological assessments.

More about "Otoscopy"

Otoscopy, the examination of the external ear and tympanic membrane, is a crucial diagnostic tool for a variety of ear conditions.
This procedure utilizes a specialized instrument called an otoscope to assess the ear's structure and identify issues such as ear infections, foreign objects, and abnormalities.
PubCompare.ai's innovative AI-driven platform enhances the reliability and accuracy of Otoscopy research by empowering researchers to easily locate protocols from literature, pre-prints, and patents.
Through AI-powered comparisons, researchers can identify the best protocols and products for their studies, improving the overall quality and reliability of Otoscopy research.
In addition to Otoscopy, other related terms and technologies include audiometry, which evaluates hearing using instruments like the Titan, Unity PC audiometer, GSI Tympstar, AD229b, and EARTone 3A headphones.
Distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) can also be measured using devices like the AuDX Pro, Eclipse EP2, and DPOAE20 + TEb.
The AC40 audiometer is another tool used in the field of Otoscopy and hearing assessment.
By leveraging the insights and capabilities of PubCompare.ai's platform, researchers can enhance the reproducibility and accuracy of their Otoscopy studies, leading to more reliable and impactful findings.
This ultimately benefits the field of Otoscopy as a whole, improving patient care and advancing our understanding of ear health and function.