The largest database of trusted experimental protocols
> Procedures > Educational Activity > Programmed Learning

Programmed Learning

Programmed learning is an educational methodology that employs carefully sequenced and structured learning materials to guide students through a specific learning process.
This approach aims to optimize knowledge acquisition and skill development by breaking down complex topics into manageable steps, providing immediate feedback, and reinforcing correct responses.
Programmed learning has been shown to enhance learning outcomes, particularly in areas like language acquisition, mathematics, and technical training.
By using this methodical, AI-powered approach, researchers can improve the reproducibility and efficiency of their studies, leading to more reliable and impactful research outcomes.

Most cited protocols related to «Programmed Learning»

Blood samples were obtained from 2180 adult outpatients, ages >18 years, at the department of clinical laboratory of Zhongshan Hospital. Blood was collected in tubes without anticoagulant from subjects after an overnight fast. The samples were allowed to clot at room temperature, and serum was obtained by centrifugation at 3000 rpm for 15 minutes. All blood lipid analyses were performed within 1 day. All subjects were classified into three groups according to the TG concentrations (A: < 200 mg/dl, n = 1220; B: 200-400 mg/dl, n = 480; C: 400-1000 mg/dl, n = 480). The Non-HDL-C concentrations in all samples were less than 300 mg/dl. To convert values for TG and cholesterol to millimoles per liter, we multiply the values with 0.0113 and 0.0259, respectively.
The Non-HDL-C value was estimated by the formula as follows [16 (link)]:
Lipid measurements were performed on a Hitachi 911 automatic analyzer. The LDL-C assay was performed according to Roche manufacture's specifications. At the same time, the LDL-C values were also calculated by the FF and MFF. TC and TG concentrations were determined enzymatically using CHOD-PAP and lipase/GPO/PAP methods, respectively. The HDL-C concentration was measured by phosphotungstic acid and MgCl2 precipitation approach. The reagents were obtained from Roche Diagnostics. The procedures and efficiency of lipid assays had been demonstrated previously [17 (link)]. The total error used in precision assessment was 3.95%-7.85% for the Roche method, as recommended by the National Cholesterol Education Program.
The FF was transformed as follows:
Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to investigate the relationship between LDL-C (expected value), TG and Non-HDL-C (explanatory variables) concentrations. Repeatability of the new formula was evaluated by Bland-Altman analysis [18 (link)]:. We compared the agreement between FF and our new formula, and calculated the mean and standard deviation of the differences (formula and lab value). The mean difference of both FF and new formula were close to zero. We concluded the MFF as follows:
Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 11.5 for Windows (SPSS Inc., USA). Linear regression analyses were used to assess the correlations between the methods of formula calculation and direct measurement. To examine the degree of consistency between values obtained by the two methods, we used the graphical procedure outlined by Bland and Altman. Comparisons between groups were performed using the method of ANOVA. The test of Pearson chi-square was used to compare discrete variables. P values less than 0.05 were considered significant.
Publication 2010
Adult Anticoagulants Biological Assay BLOOD Centrifugation Cholesterol Clinical Laboratory Services Clotrimazole CVAD protocol Diagnosis Hematologic Tests Lipase Lipids Magnesium Chloride neuro-oncological ventral antigen 2, human Outpatients Phosphotungstic Acid Programmed Learning Serum
We selected patients with known metabolic syndrome that fulfilled the criteria outlined in the National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III) Final Report [6 (link), 12 (link)]; three or more of the following components were present: increased waist circumference (≥102 cm for men and ≥88 cm  for women); triglycerides ≥ 150 mg/dL or drug treatment for elevated TG; low HDL-c (<40 mg/dL for men and <50 mg/dL for women) or drug treatment for low HDL-c; systolic blood pressure ≥ 130 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure ≥ 85 mmHg, or treatment with antihypertensive in patients with a history of hypertension; fasting glucose ≥ 100 mg/dL or treatment for high blood glucose.
Patients who fulfilled the MS criteria, consented to provide a blood sample, and signed the informed consent form were included in the study. Patients who did not fulfill the MS criteria, did not sign the informed consent form, and had TG ≥ 400 mg/dL were excluded.
All participants underwent a 12-hour fast. The following tests were performed (using a Selectra II analyzer with reagents and calibrators from ELITech): direct assays for TC, HDL-c, LDL-c, and TG. The results were applied in the FF, and then the LDL-c estimation could be performed. LDL-c was determined by a homogenous direct assay (i.e., colorimetry) using an ELITech kit. Colorimetry is a third generation method (a homogeneous assay with some reagents that can solubilize or specifically block these lipoproteins, dosing LDL-c alone in the same bucket with an enzymatic reaction) [17 ]. Thus, we could compare both LDL-c values (using the FF and by direct assay) and evaluate the reliability of the FF in the MS patients.
The results were described as means, medians, minimum values, maximum values, and standard deviations (quantitative variables) or by frequency and percentiles (qualitative variables). For the assessment of the results of LDL-c using the FF and LDL-c by direct assay was used the Student's t-test for paired samples. To evaluate the correlation between both methods, Pearson's correlation coefficient was used. Scattergram data and a Bland-Altman diagram were used to evaluate the dispersion and differences between the results obtained using the FF and direct assay, and P values < 0.05 were considered to be statistically significant. Data were analyzed with the software Statistica v.8.0.
Publication 2014
Adult Antihypertensive Agents Biological Assay BLOOD Cardiac Arrest Cholesterol Colorimetry Enzymes Glucose High Blood Pressures Homozygote Hypercholesterolemia Hyperglycemia Lipoproteins Metabolic Syndrome X Patients Pharmaceutical Preparations Pressure, Diastolic Programmed Learning Systolic Pressure Triglycerides Waist Circumference Woman
This study was a part of the Korean Longitudinal Study on Health and Aging (KLoSHA), which has been described in detail (3 (link)). Appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA; Lunar Corporation, Madison, WI). We used two definitions for sarcopenia: 1) ASM divided by height squared (ASM/Ht2) (kg/m2), as proposed by Baumgartner et al. (4 (link)) and 2) ASM as a percentage of body weight (ASM/Wt), which was modified from the study of Janssen et al. (5 (link)). Sarcopenia was defined as <1 SD below the sex-specific mean for a young reference group. The cutoff point for sarcopenia was 7.09 kg/m2 in men and 5.27 kg/m2 in women as measured using ASM/Ht2. For ASM/Wt, the cutoff was 29.9% in men and 25.1% in women. The sex-specific young reference group included 32 men and 38 women. Their mean age ± SD was 28.4 ± 3.1 and 26.3 ± 2.6 years, respectively. Obesity was defined as a visceral fat area exceeding 100 cm2 on abdominal computed tomography (Somatom Sensation 16; Siemens, Munich, Germany) (6 (link)). The subjects were classified into sarcopenic obese, obese, sarcopenic, and normal groups according to the definitions set out above.
Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the National Cholesterol Education Program criteria using the Asia-Pacific abdominal obesity criteria (waist circumference ≥90 cm in men and ≥80 cm in women) (7 (link)–8 ). Differences between the four groups were tested using ANOVA. Pearson's correlation and multiple logistic regression models were used. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Publication 2010
Abdomen Body Weight Cholesterol Koreans Metabolic Syndrome X neuro-oncological ventral antigen 2, human Obesity Programmed Learning Sarcopenia Silver Skeletal Muscles Visceral Fat Waist Circumference Woman X-Ray Computed Tomography
Two nurses and 4 field workers trained in good clinical practices in accordance with National Institutes of Health requirements, all bilingual and bicultural, conducted the study in Spanish and English. We asked participants to fast for at least 10 hours overnight before their visit to our clinical research unit, located centrally at Valley Baptist Medical Center in Brownsville. After confirming the duration of their fast, we obtained blood for clinical analyses and DNA. We rescheduled participants who had not fasted. We measured participants' weight with their shoes removed by using a portable electronic scale and recorded the weight to the nearest 0.2 kg. Height was measured to the nearest 0.2 cm by using a stadiometer. We calculated body mass index (BMI) and determined waist circumference (visceral adiposity) at the level of the umbilicus, with participants in a standing position and breathing normally, to the nearest 0.2 cm. We measured blood pressure according to the protocol described in the National High Blood Pressure Education Program (18 ) and used the mean of measures 2 and 3 for analysis. We used a Glucostat analyzer (Model 27, YSI, Inc, Yellow Springs, Ohio) for blood glucose analysis. If we encountered unexpected results, such as elevated glucose in a participant not self-reporting diabetes, we asked the participant to return for a second visit to confirm the result. We discussed results with each participant. When we found abnormal results, we referred the participant to his physician or, if he had none, to a local federally qualified health center clinic. We froze whole blood for hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) analysis (19 ) and transported white cells and plasma on ice to be archived for further laboratory analyses and future studies. We used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays to determine insulin levels (Mercodia, Uppsala, Sweden).
Publication 2010
Blood Glucose Blood Pressure Conditioning, Psychology Diabetes Mellitus Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Freezing Glucose Hematologic Tests Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated High Blood Pressures Hispanic or Latino Index, Body Mass Insulin Leukocytes Natural Springs Nurses Obesity, Visceral Physicians Plasma Programmed Learning Umbilicus Waist Circumference Workers
We obtained a randomly generated list of 500 family physicians practising in Ontario (Canada's largest province, with a total population of over 12 million in 2004) from the College of Family Physicians of Canada. To physicians on this list, we faxed a request for participation in our study with the offer of continuing medical education credits and a modest honorarium. We were able to recruit 76 physicians who practised on a fee-for-service basis and had been in their current practice site for at least 3 years. Eighty-three percent of the physicians who agreed to participate in our study practised in urban areas, 68% were in group practice and 54% were male. The average age of the physicians was 47 years, and the average time since graduation was 21 years.
Trained research nurses visited each practice between December 2004 and August 2005 and audited a random sample of charts of adult patients 35 years of age or older or 65 years of age or older in each practice (up to a maximum of 40 patients per practice). We estimated that we would need to audit 1,648 patients based on an estimated hypertension prevalence of 20% in adults age 35 years or older and 824 patients age 65 years or older based on an estimated hypertension prevalence of 40%,1 (link) an assumed sensitivity of 78% for the hypertension case-definition algorithm with standard error calculation of +/- 0.5, and a 25% inflation factor, in case our prevalence was lower than estimated. In computerized practices, adult patients were chosen using a random sample from computer generated patient lists; in non-computerized practices, abstractors measured the length of shelves containing patient charts and selected a chart at each 1/40th of the distance to assess for study eligibility.
Our inclusion criteria for randomly selected charts were as follows: (1 (link)) age 35 years or older or age 65 years or older who (2 ) were "regular" patients of the participating physician (as defined by at least two of: seen the most, did a complete physical, or registered under the participating physician),(3) were still in the practice and had a valid Ontario health card number, (4 (link)) had first visited the participating physician at least 3 years before the date of chart abstraction for our study and (5 (link)) had been seen at least twice over the 3 years preceding the date of chart abstraction for our study.
We collected data from progress notes, lab results, and consult notes from the 3 years before the abstraction date and also from cumulative patient profiles where these were available. We classified individuals as having a diagnosis of hypertension if a physician-assigned diagnosis was recorded in their chart, or they had a prescription for an antihypertensive medication in the context of an elevated blood pressure reading, or if their recorded blood pressures met the criteria for diagnosis laid out in the Canadian Hypertension Education Program guidelines (which were stable throughout the years our chart audit data were drawn from).7 (link) Ten percent of the charts were abstracted by two abstractors, and overall agreement for the presence or absence of hypertension was very good at 92.8% agreement (kappa 0.84).
Publication 2007
Adult Antihypertensive Agents Blood Pressure Diagnosis Education, Medical, Continuing Eligibility Determination High Blood Pressures Hypersensitivity Males Nurses Patients Physical Examination Physicians Physicians, Family Programmed Learning Vision

Most recents protocols related to «Programmed Learning»

The study intervention involved carers being encouraged to use the RHAPSODY e-learning programme (see Table 1) for 4 consecutive weeks, followed by 2 individual support sessions with the social worker and clinical psychologist, respectively. Support sessions were conducted using an online videoconferencing programme (meet.lrz.de des Leibnitz-Rechenzentrums). See Table 2 for the intervention procedure. During the initial 4 weeks while using RHAPSODY, an appointment with a research assistant was scheduled to re-check the carer's ability to utilise the communication technology and RHAPSODY programme. Between the two support sessions, the social worker completed, with the consent of the carer, a handover to the clinical psychologist about what was discussed in Support Session 1.
Publication 2023
Clinical Handoffs Programmed Learning Psychologist Worker, Social
This study had two groups of women; the control group (those who did not attend the intervention) and the intervention group (those who attended the tele-education program). The target population was all adult women planning for pregnancy, pregnant, or breast-feeding mothers in Jordan. A non-probability convenience sampling technique was used to recruit women. The inclusion criteria were women above 18 years old, who did not receive the COVID-19 vaccine, agreed to participate in the two phases of the study and were able to read, write and understand Arabic.
The sample size was calculated using G power software [33 ]. Considering the tests used in this study, a power of 0.80, 0.05 level of significance, and a medium effect size of 0.5, 128 women in each group were enough to get statistically significant results. However, the researcher found many women who met the inclusion criteria and expressed their interest in participating in the study. By the end of the data collection period, between December 2021 and April 2022, 220 women participated in the control group, and 205 women participated in the intervention group.
Publication 2023
Adult COVID-19 Vaccines Mothers Programmed Learning Target Population Woman
Information provided in this program was initially planned to target women planning for pregnancy, pregnant women, and finally, women who breast-fed their children and, more specifically, those who did not take the COVID-19 vaccine. The program includes an individual tele-education (interactive education phone sessions, phone calls consultancy, text message, and digital education booklet) provided to the women in the intervention group for two weeks. Information provided in the educational program was adopted from the CDC [4 ]. The researcher called participating women in the intervention group and discussed COVID-19 disease, the benefits of the vaccine, effectiveness, side effects of the available vaccines, sources of their information about the vaccine, and answered their questions about the disease and the vaccine. Furthermore, women had the chance to contact the researcher asking for information/further explanation over the phone. The program was administered to women in the intervention group, and no intervention was administered to those in the control group.
Publication 2023
Child COVID-19 Vaccines COVID 19 Fingers Interactive Learning Pregnant Women Programmed Learning Vaccines Woman
After gaining the required ethical approvals, explanatory posters were announced at prenatal/maternity clinics. The researcher visited these clinics and explained the purpose and the national importance of the study to the women. Those who met the inclusion criteria and were willing to participate signed consent forms, filled in the questionnaires in the study’s first phase, and returned them to the researcher. At this point, it was explained that this is a two-phase study, and women will be asked to answer the questionnaire for a second time. Therefore, all participating women had to write their contact details to be called later in the second phase. Furthermore, at this stage, the researcher explained that there was a tele-educational program provided by the researcher as a part of the study, and those who agreed to participate in the program had to tick on the agreement option. By ticking this option, women were included in the education program and were considered in the intervention group. Those who did not choose this option did not attend the program and were considered a control group.
Publication 2023
Programmed Learning Ticks Woman
The outdoor recess/free play program is the early learning centers’ current motor program for accreditation and will serve as the control condition for this study. Outdoor recess/free play will be implemented according to the existing procedures within the centers. Each class will receive two, 30–45 min outdoor recess (free play) periods each day. For this study, the control group will receive two, 30–45 min per day outdoor sessions, whereas the treatment (CHAMP) group will receive one, 30–45 min outdoor session each day after their nap, as the morning recess session was replaced with the CHAMP intervention on days the intervention will be implemented. The centers’ outdoor programs consist of outdoor free-play activities on a large playground area with a variety of play structures (e.g., swings, slides, ladders) that promote physical activity, gross motor skills, balance/stability, and movement skills. No planned instruction or activities will be provided to the preschoolers during outdoor recess. Classroom teachers and the research personnel will be asked to confirm that the daily outdoor recess sessions were completed with a check-off sheet.
Publication 2023
Child, Preschool Motor Skills Movement Programmed Learning

Top products related to «Programmed Learning»

Sourced in United States, Austria, Japan, Belgium, United Kingdom, Cameroon, China, Denmark, Canada, Israel, New Caledonia, Germany, Poland, India, France, Ireland, Australia
SAS 9.4 is an integrated software suite for advanced analytics, data management, and business intelligence. It provides a comprehensive platform for data analysis, modeling, and reporting. SAS 9.4 offers a wide range of capabilities, including data manipulation, statistical analysis, predictive modeling, and visual data exploration.
Sourced in United States, Japan, United Kingdom, Germany, Belgium, Austria, Spain, France, Denmark, Switzerland, Ireland
SPSS version 20 is a statistical software package developed by IBM. It provides a range of data analysis and management tools. The core function of SPSS version 20 is to assist users in conducting statistical analysis on data.
Sourced in United States, Germany, Spain
The DCA 2000+ Analyzer is a compact and automated laboratory device used for the quantitative determination of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in human blood samples. It utilizes principles of boronate affinity chromatography to perform this analysis.
Sourced in United States, United Kingdom, Japan, Germany, Austria, Belgium, France, Denmark
SPSS 24.0 is a statistical software package developed by IBM. It provides data management, analysis, and reporting capabilities. The software is designed to handle a wide range of data types and is commonly used for social science research, market research, and business analytics.
Sourced in United States, United Kingdom, Japan, Austria, Germany, Denmark, Czechia, Belgium, Sweden, New Zealand, Spain
SPSS version 25 is a statistical software package developed by IBM. It is designed to analyze and manage data, providing users with a wide range of statistical analysis tools and techniques. The software is widely used in various fields, including academia, research, and business, for data processing, analysis, and reporting purposes.
Sourced in United States, Japan, United Kingdom, Germany, Israel, Thailand
SPSS version 17.0 is a statistical software package developed by IBM. It provides a comprehensive set of tools for data analysis, including data manipulation, visualization, and predictive modeling. The software is designed to handle a wide range of data types and offers a user-friendly interface for conducting complex statistical analyses.
Sourced in Germany, Switzerland, United States, United Kingdom
The Modular P800 is a laboratory instrument designed for automated clinical chemistry analysis. It is a modular system that can be configured to meet the specific needs of a laboratory. The Modular P800 performs a range of routine clinical chemistry tests and provides accurate and reliable results.
Sourced in United States, United Kingdom, Belgium, Japan, Austria, Germany, Denmark
SPSS Statistics for Windows is an analytical software package designed for data management, analysis, and reporting. It provides a comprehensive suite of tools for statistical analysis, including regression, correlation, and hypothesis testing. The software is intended to assist users in gaining insights from their data through advanced analytical techniques.
Sourced in United States
The AU System is a clinical chemistry analyzer developed by Beckman Coulter. It is designed to perform automated analysis of various clinical samples, including blood, urine, and body fluids, to assess the levels of specific analytes or biomarkers. The AU System provides accurate and reliable results to support clinical decision-making.
Sourced in United States, United Kingdom, Japan, Austria, Germany
SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 25.0 is a software application designed for statistical analysis. It provides a comprehensive set of tools for data management, analysis, and visualization.

More about "Programmed Learning"

Programmed learning is an educational approach that leverages carefully structured learning materials to guide students through a specific learning process.
This methodological technique aims to optimize knowledge acquisition and skill development by breaking down complex topics into manageable steps, providing immediate feedback, and reinforcing correct responses.
The programmed learning methodology has been shown to enhance learning outcomes, particularly in areas like language acquisition, mathematics, and technical training.
Researchers can utilize this AI-powered, systematic approach to improve the reproducibility and efficiency of their studies, leading to more reliable and impactful research outcomes.
Programmed learning techniques can be employed across a variety of software platforms, including SAS 9.4, SPSS version 20, DCA 2000+ Analyzer, SPSS 24.0, SPSS version 25, SPSS version 17.0, Modular P800, SPSS Statistics for Windows, AU System, and SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 25.0.
By leveraging programmed learning, researchers can enhance their ability to locate and compare protocols from published literature, preprints, and patents, ultimately helping them identify the best solutions for their research needs.
This AI-powered approach to protocol optimization can lead to more reproducible and efficient studies, resulting in more reliable and impactful research outcomes.