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> Procedures > Health Care Activity > Sterilization

Sterilization

Sterilization is the process of eliminating or destroying all forms of microbial life, including viruses, bacteria, fungi, and spores.
It is a critical step in various fields, such as healthcare, food processing, and scientific research, to prevent the spread of infectious agents and ensure the safety and effectiveness of medical procedures, products, and experiments.
The PubCompare.ai platform leverages advanced AI technollogy to help researchers and professionals optimize their sterilization protocols by identifying the most effective methods from literature, pre-prints, and patents.
Users can seamlessly compare sterilization techniques and products to streamline their processes and elevate the quality of their research, ensuring reproducible and accurate results.

Most cited protocols related to «Sterilization»

1
Transgenic Seed Germination on Sand
Flowering plants were grown essentially as described [1 (link)]. Selection of transgenic seeds on agar was on solid MS3 media [4.4 g/L Murashige & Skoog Basal Salt mixture (Sigma-Aldrich cat: M5524), 30 g/L sucrose, 0.5 g/L Monohydrate 2-(N-morpholino)ethanesufonic acid (MES); adjusted pH 5.7, 1.5% phyto agar (Duchefa Biochemie)]. Seed sterilization was as described [1 (link)], except that a 33% commercial bleach/Triton X-100 solution was used [33% DanKlorix (this is ~28 g/L sodium hypochlorite; Colgate-Palmolive; Hamburg) and 200 μL/L Triton X-100].
Selection on sand in a plastic-petri plate started with saturating chromatography sand with liquid MS0 media (1.1 g/L MS basal salt, 0.5 g/L MES; adjusted pH 5.7). The sands reported here were i) Silicon dioxide (SiO2); purum p.a.; acid purified; 40–200 mesh (84880 – Fluka), and ii) Quartz (SiO2); purum p.a.; powder; < 230 mesh (00653 – Sigma). Appropriate antibiotics were added to the MS0 solution before sand saturation. Dry seeds were sprinkled onto the wet sand, and after a two-day treatment at 4°C, plants were allowed to grow for two weeks.
Davis A.M., Hall A., Millar A.J., Darrah C, & Davis S.J. (2009). Protocol: Streamlined sub-protocols for floral-dip transformation and selection of transformants in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Methods, 5, 3.
Publication 2009
Acids Agar Animals, Transgenic Antibiotics, Antitubercular Chromatography Magnoliopsida Morpholinos Plant Embryos Plants Powder Quartz Silicon Dioxide Sodium Chloride Sodium Hypochlorite Sterilization Sucrose Triton X-100
2
Quantitative Siderophore Estimation
Quantitative estimation of siderophore was done by taking supernatant of bacterial cultures grown in LB broth medium (Hu and Xu 2011 ). For this, 1 ml broth was taken in 1.5 ml centrifuge tube (Thomas Scientific, US) (one for each bacterial culture) and after sterilization inoculated with 10 µl of freshly grown bacterial culture (108 colony forming units (cfu) per ml). Four replicates (tubes) were taken for each strain. Apart from this, control tube (un-inoculated broth) was also maintained. After incubation at 28 °C for 48 h, bacterial cultures were centrifuged at 10,000 rpm for 10 min, cell pellets were discarded, and supernatant was used to estimate siderophore. Supernatant (0.5 ml) of each bacterial culture was mixed with 0.5 ml CAS reagent and after 20 min optical density was taken at 630 nm (Spectrophotometer: Thermo Scientific, Evolution 201). Siderophore produced by strains was measured in percent siderophore unit (psu) which was calculated according to the following formula (Payne 1993 (link)): Siderophore production (psu)=Ar-As×100Ar, where Ar = absorbance of reference (CAS solution and un-inoculated broth), and As = absorbance of sample (CAS solution and cell-free supernatant of sample).
Arora N.K, & Verma M. (2017). Modified microplate method for rapid and efficient estimation of siderophore produced by bacteria. 3 Biotech, 7(6), 381.
Publication 2017
Bacteria Biological Evolution Cells Pellets, Drug Siderophores Sterilization Strains
3
Stainless Steel Implant Infection Model
The surgical approach was performed as previously described,9 (link); 10 (link) with the exception that a flat stainless steel wire (cross-section 0.2 mm × 0.5 mm; MicroDyne Technologies, Plainville, CT) was used instead of a pin. The wire was cut to 4 mm length and bent into an L-shaped implant: long side 3 mm, short side 1 mm. After sterilization, the implant was contaminated with incubation in an overnight culture of S. aureus, and implanted into the tibiae of C57BL/6 or Balb/c female mice. Bioluminescent imaging (BLI) was performed with bioluminescent strain Xen40, at the indicated time points using the Xenogen IVIS Spectrum imaging system (Caliper Life Sciences, Hopkinton, MA). SEM was performed as described in detail in Supplemental Figure 1. Quantitation was performed on a 1 mm2 ROI as described in Figure 1. For colony forming unit (CFU) assays or extraction of RNA, the implant was harvested by pulling it from tibia, and washing it twice in PBS to remove extra tissues.
Nishitani K., Sutipornpalangkul W., de Mesy Bentley K.L., Varrone J.J., Bello-Irizarry S.N., Ito H., Matsuda S., Kates S.L., Daiss J.L, & Schwarz E.M. (2015). Quantifying the natural history of biofilm formation in vivo during the establishment of chronic implant-associated Staphylococcus aureus osteomyelitis in mice to identify critical pathogen and host factors. Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society, 33(9), 1311-1319.
Publication 2015
Biological Assay Mice, Inbred BALB C Operative Surgical Procedures Stainless Steel Sterilization Strains Tibia Tissues Woman
4
Yeast Spotting Assay: Optimizing Cell Density and Dilutions

Protocol full text hidden due to copyright restrictions

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Publication 2020
Agar Biological Assay Buffers Cells Ethanol Exanthema Sterility, Reproductive Sterilization Submersion Technique, Dilution Yeast, Dried
5
Lipid Extraction and Quantification Protocol

Protocol full text hidden due to copyright restrictions

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Publication 2011
Amber Bacteria Cells Centrifugation Chloroform DNA Replication Lipids Nitrogen Pellets, Drug Solvents Sterilization Teflon

Most recents protocols related to «Sterilization»

1
Llama Nanobody Isolation Protocol
Not available on PMC !

EXAMPLE 36

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were prepared from blood samples obtained from llama No. 45 and No. 46 using Ficoll-Hypaque according to the manufacturer's instructions. Next, total RNA extracted was extracted from these cells and used as starting material for RT-PCR to amplify Nanobody encoding gene fragments. These fragments were cloned into phagemid vector pAX50. Phage was prepared according to standard methods (see for example the prior art and applications filed by applicant cited herein) and stored after filter sterilization at 4° C. for further use.

US11858997B2. Amino acid sequences that modulate the interaction between cells of the immune system (2024-01-02). Ablynx N.V. [BE]. Inventors: Guy Hermans [BE], Peter Verheesen [BE], Edward Dolk [NL], Hendricus Renerus Jacobus Mattheus Hoogenboom [NL], Michael John Scott Saunders [BE], Hans De Haard [NL], Renee de Bruin [NL].
Patent 2024
Bacteriophages BLOOD Cloning Vectors DNA Library Ficoll Genes Hypaque Llamas PBMC Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction Sterilization
2
Astragalus-Paecilomyces Fungal Fermentation Protocol
Not available on PMC !

Example 3

Astragalus membranaceus was crushed and sieved through 8 mesh to obtain Astragalus membranaceus powder. The Astragalus membranaceus powder was mixed evenly with distilled water with a weight ratio of 2.5:1, sterilized in a steam sterilization pot at 90° C. for 60 min, and then cooled to room temperature to obtain a solid medium of Astragalus membranaceus. Paecilomyces cicadae was evenly inoculated into the solid medium of Astragalus membranaceus with an inoculation amount of 20 wt % of Astragalus membranaceus. The inoculated medium was cultured at a constant temperature of 26° C. and a constant relative humidity of 80% for 24 days to obtain fermentation fungal substance of Astragalus membranaceus/Paecilomyces cicadae E (hereinafter referred to as “fungal substance E”).

US11866692B2. Fermentation fungal substance of astragalus membranaceus paecilomyces cicadae and its use (2024-01-09). BinZhou Medical University [CN]. Inventors: Jiayu Zhang [CN], Long Dai [CN], Shaoping Wang [CN], Zikai Geng [CN], Yuqi Wang [CN].
Patent 2024
Astragalus membranaceus Cordyceps cicadae Fermentation Humidity Powder Steam Sterilization Vaccination zymogen E
3
Heavy Metal Tolerance of B. licheniformis
Not available on PMC !

Example 2

This example illustrates the heavy metal acceptability of B. licheniformis strain ECOBIO_2.

The pure cultures of each isolates were grown in LB broth and the bacterial cell concentration was spectrophotometrically adjusted to have an OD of 1.0 at A600 nm. 1 ml of cells were inoculated to 100 ml of sterilize LB medium amended with either 1 mM Pb(C2H3O2)2, CdCl2, K2Cr2O7 or with 0.3 mM HgCl2 in individual culture flasks. Flasks were incubated at 37° C. and 150 rpm. The growth rate was measured by assessing the turbidity of the medium every 24 hours after initial incubation for 3 days.

Data obtained from three independent experiments performed to determine the heavy metal acceptability of strain ECOBIO_2. Results (shown in FIG. 3) demonstrated that B. licheniformis strain ECOBIO_2 could grow in the presence of lead similar to controls (LB alone). This signifies the noteworthy characteristics of bacteria towards tolerating Pb2+ toxicity. However, the growth of B. licheniformis strain ECOBIO_2 was significantly reduced in the presence of cadmium, chromium, and mercury with mercury being the most toxic metal among the tested heavy metals.

US11865597B2. Method for bioremediation of lead (2024-01-09). None [IN], None [US], None [JP], None [IN]. Inventors: Sunil Kumar Channarayapatna Ramesh [IN], Emmanuel Stephen Victor [US], Kishore Babu Naripogu [JP], Geetha Nagaraja [IN].
Patent 2024
Bacteria Bioremediation Cadmium Cells Chloride, Cadmium Chromium Heavy Metal Poisonings Mercuric Chloride Mercury Metals, Heavy Potassium Dichromate Sterilization Strains
4
Sterilization of BC Non-Woven
Not available on PMC !

Example 2

BC non-woven was produced by the method of the present invention. In particular, BC non-woven was sterilized with e-beam or by exposure to steam after removal from the culture vessel and separation from the BC that remained in the culture vessel. The BC network structure was investigated with scanning electron microscopy. It was found that the network structure was neither disturbed by sterilization with steam nor by e-beam sterilization.

US11859227B2. Method for producing bacterially synthesized cellulose non-woven (2024-01-02). JENACELL GMBH [DE]. Inventors: Dana Kralisch [DE], Elena Pfaff [DE], Daniela Rossner [DE].
Patent 2024
Blood Vessel Cellulose Scanning Electron Microscopy Steam Sterilization
5
Llama Nanobody Library Generation
Not available on PMC !

EXAMPLE 12

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were prepared from blood samples obtained from llama No. 146 and No. 147 using Ficoll-Hypaque according to the manufacturer's instructions. Next, total RNA extracted was extracted from these cells and used as starting material for RT-PCR to amplify Nanobody encoding gene fragments. These fragments were cloned into phagemid vector pAX50. Phage was prepared according to standard methods (see for example the prior art and applications filed by applicant cited herein) and stored after filter sterilization at 4° C. for further use.

US11858997B2. Amino acid sequences that modulate the interaction between cells of the immune system (2024-01-02). Ablynx N.V. [BE]. Inventors: Guy Hermans [BE], Peter Verheesen [BE], Edward Dolk [NL], Hendricus Renerus Jacobus Mattheus Hoogenboom [NL], Michael John Scott Saunders [BE], Hans De Haard [NL], Renee de Bruin [NL].
Patent 2024
Bacteriophages BLOOD Cloning Vectors DNA Library Ficoll Genes Hypaque Llamas PBMC Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction Sterilization

Top products related to «Sterilization»

1
Fetal bovine serum (fbs) by Thermo Fisher Scientific
Sourced in United States, China, United Kingdom, Germany, Australia, Japan, Canada, Italy, France, Switzerland, New Zealand, Brazil, Belgium, India, Spain, Israel, Austria, Poland, Ireland, Sweden, Macao, Netherlands, Denmark, Cameroon, Singapore, Portugal, Argentina, Holy See (Vatican City State), Morocco, Uruguay, Mexico, Thailand, Sao Tome and Principe, Hungary, Panama, Hong Kong, Norway, United Arab Emirates, Czechia, Russian Federation, Chile, Moldova, Republic of, Gabon, Palestine, State of, Saudi Arabia, Senegal
Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) is a cell culture supplement derived from the blood of bovine fetuses. FBS provides a source of proteins, growth factors, and other components that support the growth and maintenance of various cell types in in vitro cell culture applications.
2
Dulbecco modified eagle medium (dmem) by Thermo Fisher Scientific
Sourced in United States, China, United Kingdom, Germany, France, Australia, Canada, Japan, Italy, Switzerland, Belgium, Austria, Spain, Israel, New Zealand, Ireland, Denmark, India, Poland, Sweden, Argentina, Netherlands, Brazil, Macao, Singapore, Sao Tome and Principe, Cameroon, Hong Kong, Portugal, Morocco, Hungary, Finland, Puerto Rico, Holy See (Vatican City State), Gabon, Bulgaria, Norway, Jamaica
DMEM (Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium) is a cell culture medium formulated to support the growth and maintenance of a variety of cell types, including mammalian cells. It provides essential nutrients, amino acids, vitamins, and other components necessary for cell proliferation and survival in an in vitro environment.
3
Penicillin streptomycin by Thermo Fisher Scientific
Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, China, Canada, France, Japan, Australia, Switzerland, Israel, Italy, Belgium, Austria, Spain, Gabon, Ireland, New Zealand, Sweden, Netherlands, Denmark, Brazil, Macao, India, Singapore, Poland, Argentina, Cameroon, Uruguay, Morocco, Panama, Colombia, Holy See (Vatican City State), Hungary, Norway, Portugal, Mexico, Thailand, Palestine, State of, Finland, Moldova, Republic of, Jamaica, Czechia
Penicillin/streptomycin is a commonly used antibiotic solution for cell culture applications. It contains a combination of penicillin and streptomycin, which are broad-spectrum antibiotics that inhibit the growth of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
4
Phosphate buffered saline (pbs) by Thermo Fisher Scientific
Sourced in United States, United Kingdom, Germany, China, France, Canada, Japan, Australia, Belgium, Italy, Switzerland, Ireland, Spain, Netherlands, Poland, Denmark, India, Norway, Austria, Sweden, Macao, Singapore, Israel, Sao Tome and Principe, New Zealand, Hong Kong, Portugal, Panama, Malaysia, Lithuania, Brazil
Phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) is a widely used buffer solution in biological research and laboratory procedures. It is a balanced salt solution that maintains a physiological pH and osmolarity, making it suitable for a variety of applications. PBS is primarily used to maintain the viability and integrity of cells, tissues, and other biological samples during various experimental protocols.
5
Sylgard 184 by Dow
Sourced in United States, Germany, China, Australia, United Kingdom, Belgium, Japan, Canada, India, France
Sylgard 184 is a two-part silicone elastomer system. It is composed of a siloxane polymer and a curing agent. When mixed, the components crosslink to form a flexible, transparent, and durable silicone rubber. The core function of Sylgard 184 is to provide a versatile material for a wide range of applications, including molding, encapsulation, and coating.
6
Penicillin by Thermo Fisher Scientific
Sourced in United States, United Kingdom, Germany, China, France, Canada, Japan, Australia, Switzerland, Italy, Israel, Belgium, Austria, Spain, Brazil, Netherlands, Gabon, Denmark, Poland, Ireland, New Zealand, Sweden, Argentina, India, Macao, Uruguay, Portugal, Holy See (Vatican City State), Czechia, Singapore, Panama, Thailand, Moldova, Republic of, Finland, Morocco
Penicillin is a type of antibiotic used in laboratory settings. It is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent effective against a variety of bacteria. Penicillin functions by disrupting the bacterial cell wall, leading to cell death.
7
Streptomycin by Thermo Fisher Scientific
Sourced in United States, United Kingdom, Germany, China, France, Canada, Australia, Japan, Switzerland, Italy, Belgium, Israel, Austria, Spain, Netherlands, Poland, Brazil, Denmark, Argentina, Sweden, New Zealand, Ireland, India, Gabon, Macao, Portugal, Czechia, Singapore, Norway, Thailand, Uruguay, Moldova, Republic of, Finland, Panama
Streptomycin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic used in laboratory settings. It functions as a protein synthesis inhibitor, targeting the 30S subunit of bacterial ribosomes, which plays a crucial role in the translation of genetic information into proteins. Streptomycin is commonly used in microbiological research and applications that require selective inhibition of bacterial growth.
8
Fetal bovine serum (fbs) by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, Japan, Italy, China, Macao, Switzerland, France, Canada, Sao Tome and Principe, Spain, Australia, Ireland, Poland, Belgium, Denmark, India, Sweden, Israel, Austria, Brazil, Czechia, Netherlands, Portugal, Norway, Holy See (Vatican City State), New Zealand, Hungary, Senegal, Argentina, Thailand, Singapore, Ukraine, Mexico
FBS, or Fetal Bovine Serum, is a commonly used cell culture supplement. It is derived from the blood of bovine fetuses and provides essential growth factors, hormones, and other nutrients to support the growth and proliferation of a wide range of cell types in vitro.
9
Tween 20 by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, Italy, France, China, Spain, Australia, Japan, India, Poland, Sao Tome and Principe, Switzerland, Macao, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Israel, Mexico, Netherlands, Singapore, Austria, Ireland, Sweden, Argentina, Romania
Tween 20 is a non-ionic detergent commonly used in biochemical applications. It is a polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate, a surfactant that can be used to solubilize and stabilize proteins and other biomolecules. Tween 20 is widely used in various laboratory techniques, such as Western blotting, ELISA, and immunoprecipitation, to prevent non-specific binding and improve the efficiency of these assays.
10
Phosphate buffered saline (pbs) by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, Italy, Poland, Spain, France, Sao Tome and Principe, Australia, China, Canada, Ireland, Japan, Macao, Switzerland, India, Belgium, Denmark, Israel, Brazil, Austria, Portugal, Sweden, Singapore, Czechia, Malaysia, Hungary
PBS (Phosphate-Buffered Saline) is a widely used buffer solution in biological and medical research. It is a balanced salt solution that maintains a stable pH and osmotic pressure, making it suitable for a variety of applications. PBS is primarily used for washing, diluting, and suspending cells and biological samples.

More about "Sterilization"

Sterilization, a critical process in numerous fields, involves the complete elimination or destruction of all microbial life, including viruses, bacteria, fungi, and spores.
This essential step ensures the safety and efficacy of medical procedures, scientific experiments, and food production.
The PubCompare.ai platform leverages advanced AI technology to help researchers and professionals optimize their sterilization protocols, enabling them to identify the most effective methods from the vast body of literature, pre-prints, and patents.
Researchers and professionals working in healthcare, food processing, and scientific research can benefit from the seamless comparison tools offered by PubCompare.ai.
The platform allows users to compare various sterilization techniques and products, helping them streamline their processes and elevate the quality of their research.
By identifying the most effective sterilization protocols, users can ensure reproducible and accurate results, crucial for the success of their work.
In addition to sterilization, other key laboratory techniques and materials play a vital role in various fields.
Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS), a commonly used cell culture supplement, provides essential nutrients for cell growth and proliferation.
Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) is a widely used cell culture medium that supports the growth and maintenance of a variety of cell types.
Penicillin and streptomycin, antibiotics, are often added to cell culture media to prevent bacterial contamination.
Phosphate-Buffered Saline (PBS) is a versatile buffer solution used in numerous biological applications, while Sylgard 184 is a silicone elastomer commonly used for microfluidic device fabrication.
By leveraging the insights from these related terms, researchers can further enhance their experimental protocols and ensure the reliability of their findings.