> Procedures > Laboratory Procedure > Energy Dispersive X Ray Spectroscopy

Energy Dispersive X Ray Spectroscopy

Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDXS) is a powerful analytical technique used to identify and quantify the elemental composition of materials.
It utilizes the interaction between X-rays and a sample to generate characteristic X-ray spectra, providing detailed information about the elements present.
EDXS is widely employed in materials science, geology, biology, and other fields to study the chemical makeup of a wide range of specimens.
This non-destructive method offers rapid, high-resolution analysis, making it an invaluable tool for researchers.
Enahnce your EDXS research accuracy with PubCompare.ai, an AI-driven platform that helps you locate the best protocols from literature, preprints, and patents.
Utilize advanced comparison tools to identify the optimal protocols and products for your needs, streamlining your research process and improving results.

Most cited protocols related to «Energy Dispersive X Ray Spectroscopy»

Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles

Cited 10 times

Method A: In the silver reduction, the methodology described previously was followed [17 (link)]. Briefly, approximately 10 g of F. oxysporum biomass was taken in a conical flask containing 100 mL of distilled water. AgNO₃solution (10^-3M) was added to the erlenmeyer flask and the reaction was carried out in the dark. Periodically, aliquots of the reaction solution were removed and the absorptions were measured using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer (Agilent 8453 – diode array).
Method B: Another test was also carried out as following: approximately 10 g of F. oxysporum biomass was taken in a conical flask containing 100 mL of distilled water, kept for 72 h at 28°C and then the aqueous solution components were separated by filtration. To this solution, AgNO₃(10^-3M) was added and kept for several hours at 28°C.
The silver nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) at a voltage of 20 kV (Jeol – JSM-6360LV) and previously coated with gold under vacuum.

Durán N., Marcato P.D., Alves O.L., De Souza G.I, & Esposito E. (2005). Mechanistic aspects of biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles by several Fusarium oxysporum strains. Journal of Nanobiotechnology, 3, 8.

Full text: Click here

Publication 2005

colloidal silver Energy Dispersive X Ray Spectroscopy Filtration Gold Scanning Electron Microscopy Silver Vacuum

Visualizing Endothelial Glycocalyx by Electron Microscopy

Cited 8 times

To detect endothelial glycocalyx using electron microscopy [21 (link)], mice were anesthetized and perfused with a solution composed of 2% glutaraldehyde, 2% sucrose, 0.1 M sodium cacodylate buffer (pH 7.3), and 2% lanthanum nitrate through a cannula placed in the left ventricle 48 h after LPS administration [22 (link)]. Before perfusion, an incision was made in the right atrial appendage, and the neck was ligated with a silk suture. In addition, a perfusion pump was used for injection at a steady rate of 1 ml/minute.
Thereafter, the left ventricle, liver, and kidney were harvested and diced. Three or four pieces of approximately 1 mm³ each were immersed in the perfusion solution for 2 h for fixation and then soaked overnight in a solution without glutaraldehyde before being washed in alkaline (0.03 mol/L NaOH) sucrose (2%) solution. The specimens were then dehydrated through a graded ethanol series.
The frozen fracture method was used to prepare samples for examination using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Each sample was laid on an iron plate chilled with liquid nitrogen, and ethanol was sprinkled onto it. Once the ethanol was frozen, the sample was fractured using a chisel such that it was not touched directly. The samples were then incubated in tert-butyl alcohol at room temperature. After the tert-butyl alcohol had solidified, it was freeze-dried, and the specimens were examined using SEM (S-4500; Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan). In addition, for further elemental analysis of each sample, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy was performed under SEM.
To prepare samples for transmission electron microscopy (TEM), each specimen was embedded in epoxy resin. Ultrathin sections (90 nm) stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate were then examined using TEM (HT-7700; Hitachi). For usual electron microscopy, 2.5% glutaraldehyde in 0.1 mol/L phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) was used instead of perfusion buffer as described above.

Okada H., Takemura G., Suzuki K., Oda K., Takada C., Hotta Y., Miyazaki N., Tsujimoto A., Muraki I., Ando Y., Zaikokuji R., Matsumoto A., Kitagaki H., Tamaoki Y., Usui T., Doi T., Yoshida T., Yoshida S., Ushikoshi H., Toyoda I, & Ogura S. (2017). Three-dimensional ultrastructure of capillary endothelial glycocalyx under normal and experimental endotoxemic conditions. Critical Care, 21, 261.

Full text: Click here

Publication 2017

Atrium, Right Auricular Appendage Buffers Cacodylate Cannula Citrates Electron Microscopy Endothelium Energy Dispersive X Ray Spectroscopy Epoxy Resins Ethanol Freezing Glutaral Glycocalyx Infusion Pump Iron Kidney lanthanide nitrate Left Ventricles Liver Mice, House Neck Nitrogen Perfusion Phosphates Scanning Electron Microscopy Silk Sodium Sucrose Sutures tert-Butyl Alcohol Transmission Electron Microscopy uranyl acetate

VP-SEM with Dual EDS Analysis

Cited 7 times

The variable pressure scanning electron microscopy used in this study (VP-SEM, Hitachi SU3500) is equipped with dual energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (dEDS, Bruker XFlash® 6|60) detectors. This instrument has the ability to perform simultaneously multimodal imaging and spatial distribution chemical mapping, a truly powerful analytical approach to study biological surfaces in their native state. The XFlash® 6|60 is particularly suitable for applications with relatively low X-ray yield, as common in the area of nanoanalysis.

Relucenti M., Miglietta S., Bove G., Donfrancesco O., Battaglione E., Familiari P., Barbaranelli C., Covelli E., Barbara M, & Familiari G. (2020). SEM BSE 3D Image Analysis of Human Incus Bone Affected by Cholesteatoma Ascribes to Osteoclasts the Bone Erosion and VpSEM dEDX Analysis Reveals New Bone Formation. Scanning, 2020, 9371516.

Full text: Click here

Publication 2020

Biopharmaceuticals Energy Dispersive X Ray Spectroscopy Pressure Radiography Scanning Electron Microscopy

Purification and Functionalization of MWCNT

Cited 6 times

The purification and functionalization of the MWCNT were accomplished as previously described. ^{36 –38} This activity was carried out in a Microwave Accelerated Reaction System CEM Mars (Matthews, NC, USA) fitted with internal temperature and pressure controls. The 100 mL reaction chamber was lined with Teflon PFA^® with an operating range of 0~200 °C and 0~200 psi. The residual metals were removed via microwave induced reaction with 1N HNO₃ followed by a reaction with saturated ethylenediamine tetra-acetate in CH₃COOH. ^{39 (link)} The purified MWCNT (PD-MWCNT) were added to the reaction chamber together with 40 mL of a mixture of 1:1 70 % nitric acid and 97 % sulfuric acid. With the microwave power set to 95 % of the maximal possible 1600 watt output, the reaction was carried out for 20 min at a temperature of 140 °C. The suspension was filtered through a 10 μm PTFE membrane, washed with deionized water (DI H₂O) to a neutral pH and vacuum dried at 70 °C. This sample derivative was designated COOH-MWCNT. A variety of different analytical techniques were used to characterize the MWCNT, including Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS, Oxford Instrument, Oxfordshire, UK) to identify the elemental composition of the MWCNT. The Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) measurements were carried out in purified KBr pellets using a PerkinElmer Spectrum One instrument (Downers Grove, IL, USA). Thermogravimetric analyses (TGA) were performed using a Pyris 1 TGA (Perkin-Elmer Inc., Covina, CA, USA) from 30 °C to 900 °C under a flow of air at 10 mL/min and a heating rate of 10°C per min. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) using a LEO 1530 VP SEM equipped with an energy-dispersive X-ray analyzer was used to study the morphology of the samples. Zeta-potential measurements of the MWCNT suspensions were performed using a ZetaSizer Nano-ZS Instrument (Malvern Instruments, Worcestershire WR, UK). The relative hydrodynamic radius of MWCNT suspended in H₂O was measured using high throughput dynamic light scattering (HT-DLS, Dynapro^™ Plate Reader, Wyatt Technology, Santa Barbara, CA, USA).

Wang X., Xia T., Ntim S.A., Ji Z., George S., Meng H., Zhang H., Castranova V., Mitra S, & Nel A.E. (2010). Quantitative Techniques for Assessing and Controlling the Dispersion and Biological Effects of Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes in Mammalian Tissue Culture Cells. ACS nano, 4(12), 7241-7252.

Publication 2010

Acetate Energy Dispersive X Ray Spectroscopy Ethylenediamines Hydrodynamics Metals Microwaves Nitric acid Pellets, Drug Polytetrafluoroethylene Pressure Radiography Radius Scanning Electron Microscopy Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Sulfuric Acids Teflon Tetragonopterus Tissue, Membrane Vacuum

Thermal Treatment of Copper Anode Slime

Cited 5 times

A sample of copper anode slime provided from a refining factory available as a powdered solid with a mean particles size less than 30 µm was used for this study. The sample composition was determined by diverse analytical methods, but only the results of scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses were selected to be presented in this paper (see Section 3). SEM examinations were performed by using a HITACHI S-4800 device (Hitachi Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) equipped with an EDS elemental analysis microprobe. SEM imaging and chemical microanalysis were performed mostly at an accelerating voltage of 15 kV. The samples were carbon coated prior to analysis. XRD was performed on samples using a Bruker D8 Advance device (Bruker, Karlsruhe, Germany), (Co Kα1 radiation, λ = 1.789 Å), under 35 kV and 45 mA operating conditions. The acquisition of diffraction patterns was performed between 3° and 64° (2θ) range at step scan 0.034° with 3 s per step. The XRD-patterns were analyzed thanks to the DIFFRAC.EVA software (version 5, Bruker) and PDF-2 release 2011 database.
Isothermal experimental tests for the CAS sample treatment were conducted in horizontal set-ups, including a system of static tubular furnaces that were able to reach 1600 °C. To achieve this, a pre-weighted sample of several grams was introduced directly into the furnace preheated at the desired temperature. When the dwell time was reached, the sample was removed from the furnace and cooled down to room temperature. Air was used as a flowing gas and it also performed the oxidation of CAS components. The outlet gases were cooled at room temperature, leading to the condensation of the vapor phase and the recovery of a solid condensate. Initial CAS sample and solid products obtained from CAS thermal treatment were examined by visible microscopy, SEM-EDS and XRD. The advantage of using SEM-EDS analysis here is the ability to gather punctual information about elemental content, phases differentiation, and about the morphological and textural evolution of the thermally treated samples, all this contributes to a better understanding of the involved reaction mechanism and processing steps.

Kanari N., Allain E., Shallari S., Diot F., Diliberto S., Patisson F, & Yvon J. (2019). Thermochemical Route for Extraction and Recycling of Critical, Strategic and High Value Elements from By-Products and End-of-Life Materials, Part I: Treatment of a Copper By-Product in Air Atmosphere. Materials, 12(10), 1625.

Full text: Click here

Publication 2019

Biological Evolution Carbon Copper Energy Dispersive X Ray Spectroscopy Gases Medical Devices Microscopy Physical Examination Radionuclide Imaging Radiotherapy Scanning Electron Microscopy Specimen Handling X-Ray Diffraction

Most recents protocols related to «Energy Dispersive X Ray Spectroscopy»

Synthesis and Characterization of Mn4C Magnetic Material

Not available on PMC !

Example 1

95 g of manganese (purity: 99.95%; purchased from Taewon Scientific Co., Ltd.) and 5 g of high-purity graphite (purity: 99.5%; purchased from Taewon Scientific Co., Ltd.) were placed in a water-cooled copper crucible of an argon plasma arc melting apparatus (manufactured by Labold AG, Germany, Model: vacuum arc melting furnace Model LK6/45), and melted at 2,000 K under an argon atmosphere. The melt was cooled to room temperature at a cooling rate of 10⁴K/min to obtain an alloy ingot. The alloy ingot was crushed to a particle size of 1 mm or less by hand grinding. Thereafter, the obtained powders were magnetically separated using a Nd-based magnet to remove impurities repeatedly, and the Mn₄C magnetic powders were collected. The collected Mn₄C magnetic powders were subjected to X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis (measurement system: D/MAX-2500 V/PO, Rigaku; measurement condition: Cu—K_α ray) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) using FE-SEM (Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope, MIRA3 LM).

FIGS. 2(a) and 2 (b) show an X-ray diffraction pattern and an energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy graph of the Mn₄C magnetic material produced according to Example 1 of the present disclosure, respectively.

As can be seen in FIG. 2(a), the Mn₄C magnetic material showed diffraction peaks of (111), (200), (220), (311) and (222) crystal planes at 2θ values of 40°, 48°, 69°, 82° and 88°, respectively, in the XRD analysis. Thus, it can be seen that the XRD patterns of the Mn₄C magnetic material produced according to Example 1 are well consistent with the patterns of the cubic perovskite Mn₄C. In addition, the Mn₄C magnetic material shows several very weak diffraction peaks that can correspond to Mn₂₃C₆and Mn. That is, the diffraction peak intensity at 2θ values of 43° and 44°, which correspond to Mn and Mn₂₃C₆impurities, is as very low as about 2.5% of the diffraction intensity of the peak corresponding to the (111) plane. Through this, it can be seen that the powders obtained in Example 1 have high-purity Mn₄C phase. The lattice parameter of the Mn₄C is estimated to be about 3.8682 Å.

FIG. 2(b) shows the results of analyzing the atomic ratio of Mn:C in the powder by EDS. The atomic ratio of Mn:C is 80.62:19.38, which is very close to 4:1 within the experimental uncertainties. Thus, it can be seen that the powder is also confirmed to be Mn₄C.

The M-T curve of the field aligned Mn₄C powder obtained in Example 1 was measured under an applied field of 4 T and at a temperature ranging from 50 K to 400 K. Meanwhile, the M-T curve of the randomly oriented Mn₄C powder was measured under an applied field of 1 T. The Curie temperature of Mn₄C was measured under 10 mT while decreasing temperature from 930 K at a rate of 20 K/min.

FIGS. 3(a) to 3(c) show the M-T curves of the Mn₄C magnetic material, produced according to Example 1 of the present disclosure, under magnetic fields of 4 T, 1 T, and 10 mT, respectively.

FIG. 3 shows magnetization-temperature (M-T) curves indicating the results of measuring the temperature-dependent magnetization intensity of the Mn₄C magnetic material, produced in Example 1, using the vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) mode of Physical Property Measurement System (PPMS®) (Quantum Design Inc.).

According to the Néel theory, the ferrimagnets that contain nonequivalent substructures of magnetic ions may have a number of unusual forms of M-T curves below the Curie temperature, depending on the distribution of magnetic ions between the substructures and on the relative value of the molecular field coefficients. The anomalous M-T curves of Mn₄C, as shown in FIG. 3(a), can be explained to some extent by the Néel's P-type ferrimagnetism, which appears when the sublattice with smaller moment is thermally disturbed more easily. For Mn₄C with two sublattices of Mn_Iand Mn_II, as shown in FIG. 1, the Mn_Isublattice might have smaller moment.

FIG. 3(a) shows the temperature dependence of magnetization of the Mn₄C magnetic material produced in Example 1. The magnetization of Mn₄C measured at 4.2K is 6.22 Am²/kg (4 T), corresponding to 0.258μ_Bper unit cell. The magnetization of the Mn₄C magnetic material varies little at temperatures below 50 K, and is quite different from that of most magnetic materials, which undergo a magnetization deterioration with increasing temperature due to thermal agitation. Furthermore, the magnetization of the Mn₄C magnetic material increases linearly with increasing temperature at temperatures above 50 K. The linear fitting of the magnetization of Mn₄C at 4 T within the temperature range of 100 K to 400 K can be written as M=0.0072T+5.6788, where M and T are expressed in Am²/kg and K, respectively. Thus, the temperature coefficient of magnetization of Mn₄C is estimated to be about ˜2.99*10⁻⁴μ_B/K per unit cell. The mechanisms of the anomalous thermomagnetic behaviors of Mn₄C may be related to the magnetization competition of the two ferromagnetic sublattices (Mn_Iand Mn_II) as shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 3(b) shows the M-T curves of the Mn₄C powders at temperatures within the range of 300 K to 930 K under 1 T. The linear magnetization increment stops at 590 K, above which the magnetization of Mn₄C starts to decrease slowly first and then sharply at a temperature of about 860 K. The slow magnetization decrement at temperatures above 590 K is ascribed to the decomposition of Mn₄C, which is proved by further heat-treatment of Mn₄C as described below.

According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the saturation magnetization of Mn₄C increases linearly with increasing temperature within the range of 50 K to 590 K and remains stable at temperatures below 50 K. The increases in anomalous magnetization of Mn₄C with increasing temperature can be considered in terms of the Néel's P-type ferrimagnetism. At temperatures above 590 K, the Mn₄C decomposes into Mn₂₃C₆and Mn, which are partially oxidized into the manganosite when exposed to air. The remanent magnetization of Mn₄C varies little with temperature. The Curie temperature of Mn₄C is about 870 K. The positive temperature coefficient (about 0.0072 Am²/kgK) of magnetization in Mn₄C is potentially important in controlling the thermodynamics of magnetization in magnetic materials.

The Curie temperature T_eof Mn₄C is measured to be about 870 K, as shown in FIG. 3(c). Therefore, the sharp magnetization decrement of Mn₄C at temperatures above 860 K is ascribed to both the decomposition of Mn₄C and the temperature near the Tc of Mn₄C.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the magnetic hysteresis loops of the Mn₄C magnetic material, produced according to Example 1 of the present disclosure, at 4.2 K, 200 K and 400 K. The magnetic hysteresis loops were measured by using the PPMS system (Quantum Design) under a magnetic field of 7 T while the temperature was changed from 4 K to 400 K.

As shown in FIG. 4, the positive temperature coefficient of magnetization was further proved by the magnetic hysteresis loops of Mn₄C as shown in FIG. 4. The Mn₄C shows a much higher magnetization at 400 K than that at 4.2 K. Moreover, the remanent magnetization of Mn₄C varies little with temperature and is Δ3.5 Am²/kg within the temperature range of 4.2 K to 400 K. The constant remanent magnetization of Mn₄C within a wide temperature range indicates the high stability of magnetization against thermal agitation. The coercivities of Mn₄C at 4.2 K, 200 K, and 400 K were 75 mT, 43 mT, and 33 mT, respectively.

The magnetic properties of Mn₄C measured are different from the previous theoretical results. A corner Mn_Imoment of 3.85μ_Bantiparallel to three face-centered Mn_IImoments of 1.23μ_Bin Mn₄C was expected at 77 K. The net moment per unit cell was estimated to be 0.16μ_B. In the above experiment, the net moment in pure Mn₄C at 77 K is 0.26μ_B/unit cell, which is much larger than that expected by Takei et al. It was reported that the total magnetic moment of Mn₄C was calculated to be about 1μ_B, which is almost four times larger than the 0.258μ_Bper unit cell measured at 4.2 K, as shown in FIG. 4.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the temperature-dependent XRD patterns of the Mn₄C magnetic material produced according to Example 1 of the present disclosure.

The thermomagnetic behaviors of Mn₄C are related to the variation in the lattice parameters of Mn₄C with temperature. It is known that the distance of near-neighbor manganese atoms plays an important role in the antiferro- or ferro-magnetic configurations of Mn atoms. Ferromagnetic coupling of Mn atoms is possible only when the Mn—Mn distance is large enough. FIG. 5 shows the diffraction peaks of the (111) and (200) planes of Mn₄C at temperatures from 16 K to 300 K. With increasing temperature, both (111) and (200) peaks of Mn₄C shifted to a lower degree at temperatures between 50 K and 300 K, indicating an enlarged distance of Mn—Mn atoms in Mn₄C. No peak shift is obviously observed for Mn₄C at temperatures below 50 K. The distance of nearest-neighbor manganese atoms plays an important role in the antiferro- or ferro-magnetic configurations of Mn atoms and thus has a large effect on the magnetic properties of the compounds.

Thus, it can be seen that the abnormal increase in magnetization of Mn₄C with increasing temperature occurs due to the variation in the lattice parameters of Mn₄C with temperature.

The powder produced in Example 1 was annealed in vacuum for 1 hour at each of 700 K and 923 K, and then subjected to X-ray spectroscopy, and the results thereof are shown in FIG. 6.

The magnetization reduction of Mn₄C at temperatures above 590 K is ascribed to the decomposition of Mn₄C, which is proved by the XRD patterns of the powders after annealing Mn₄C at elevated temperatures. FIG. 6 shows the structural evolution of Mn₄C at elevated temperatures. When Mn₄C is annealed at 700 K, a small fraction of Mn₄C decomposes into a small amount of Mn₂₃C₆and Mn. The presence of manganosite is ascribed to the spontaneous oxidation of the Mn precipitated from Mn₄C when exposed to air after annealing. The fraction of Mn₂₃C₆was enhanced significantly for Mn₄C annealed at 923 K, as shown in FIG. 6.

These results prove that the metastable Mn₄C decomposes into stable Mn₂₃C₆at temperatures above 590 K. The presence of Mn₄C in the powder annealed at 923 K indicates a limited decomposition rate of Mn₄C, from which the Tc of Mn₄C can be measured. Both Mn₂₃C₆and Mn are weak paramagnets at ambient temperature and elevated temperatures. Therefore, the magnetic transition of the Mn₄C magnetic material at 870 K is ascribed to the Curie point of the ferrimagnetic Mn₄C.

The Mn₄C shows a constant magnetization of 0.258μ_Bper unit cell below 50 K and a linear increment of magnetization with increasing temperature within the range of 50 K to 590 K, above which Mn₂₃C₆precipitates from Mn₄C. The anomalous M-T curves of Mn₄C can be considered in terms of the Néel's P-type ferrimagnetism.

US11858820B2. Mn₄C manganese carbide magnetic substance and manufacturing method therefor (2024-01-02). KOREA INSTITUTE OF MATERIALS SCIENCE [KR]. Inventors: Chul Jin Choi [KR], Ping Zhan Si [CN], Ji Hoon Park [KR], Hui Dong Qian [CN].

Full text: Click here

Patent 2024

Alloys Argon Atmosphere Biological Evolution Cells Copper Cuboid Bone Debility Energy Dispersive X Ray Spectroscopy Face Fever fluoromethyl 2,2-difluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)vinyl ether Graphite Ions Magnetic Fields Manganese perovskite Physical Processes Plasma Powder Radiography Scanning Electron Microscopy Spectrum Analysis Vacuum Vision X-Ray Diffraction

Detailed Characterization of Material Samples

Scanning
electron microscopy
was performed with a Sigma 500 Gemini (Zeiss) at 4 kV using an InLens
detector. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis was performed
using a Bruker Quantax EDS. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)
measurements were carried out on a custom-build spectrometer (Moses)
equipped with an X-ray source from Al Ka radiation (1486.6 eV) and
a hemispherical electron analyzer in the analysis chambers, under
ultra-high vacuum with the base pressure being lower than 1 ×
10^–9 mbar. To minimize any beam damage on the sample,
a large probe area of 1 × 10 mm² and a low X-ray powder
of 30 W were employed. All measurement was done at room temperature
with a 45° emission angle. The binding energy was calibrated
based on the position of the Au 4f_7/2 peak (84.0 eV) and
the Fermi level (0 eV).

Boda U., Strandberg J., Eriksson J., Liu X., Beni V, & Tybrandt K. (2023). Screen-Printed Corrosion-Resistant and Long-Term Stable Stretchable Electronics Based on AgAu Microflake Conductors. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 15(9), 12372-12382.

Full text: Click here

Publication 2023

Electrons Energy Dispersive X Ray Spectroscopy Pressure Radiation Radiography Vacuum X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy

Comprehensive Morphological and Compositional Characterization of Catalysts

The morphologies of the prepared samples were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM; Hitachi SU 5000 VPSEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM; FEI Talos F200X) with a field-emission gun at 200 kV. For TEM studies, the samples were scratched into an ethanol solution for dispersion. The ethanol solution was then dropped onto carbon-coated molybdenum TEM grids and dried under ambient conditions. The compositions of the samples were studied using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) system (Bruker Quantax EDS) coupled to the SEM and TEM instruments. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns were collected using an X’Pert-Pro MPD diffractometer (PANalytical) with a Cu Kα X-ray source (λ = 1.540598 Å). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies were conducted using an SSI S-Probe XPS spectrometer. The carbon peak (284.6 eV) was used as a reference to correct the charging effect. To investigate the bond vibrations during CO₂R, in situ Raman spectra (200–3200 cm⁻¹) were collected using a microspectrophotometer (Horiba-LabRAM HR), a long-working-distance water immersion objective (40×; U M Plan Semi Apochromat), a grating with 100 lines mm⁻¹, and a homemade flow cell with a 633 nm laser as the excitation source (excitation energy of 1.96 eV). The objective lens was immersed into electrolytes in the homemade flow cell. After the sample focus, the working distance was ~2 mm from the lens to the electrode surface. All spectroscopic data were baseline corrected.

Zhang J., Guo C., Fang S., Zhao X., Li L., Jiang H., Liu Z., Fan Z., Xu W., Xiao J, & Zhong M. (2023). Accelerating electrochemical CO2 reduction to multi-carbon products via asymmetric intermediate binding at confined nanointerfaces. Nature Communications, 14, 1298.

Full text: Click here

Publication 2023

Carbon Cells Electrolytes Energy Dispersive X Ray Spectroscopy Ethanol Lens, Crystalline LINE-1 Elements Molybdenum Radiography Scanning Electron Microscopy Spectrum Analysis Submersion Transmission Electron Microscopy Vibration X-Ray Diffraction

SEM and EDS Analysis of Samples

Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) images were obtained on a SU8030 scanning electron microscope at the voltages of 10/15 kV, while the energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) elemental maps were recorded at 15 kV.

Wu H., Wang Y., Tang C., Jones L.O., Song B., Chen X.Y., Zhang L., Wu Y., Stern C.L., Schatz G.C., Liu W, & Stoddart J.F. (2023). High-efficiency gold recovery by additive-induced supramolecular polymerization of β-cyclodextrin. Nature Communications, 14, 1284.

Full text: Click here

Publication 2023

Energy Dispersive X Ray Spectroscopy Microtubule-Associated Proteins Scanning Electron Microscopy

Exfoliation and Characterization of BSTS Crystals

After BSTS crystal growth, the ampoule was gently broken and the material was cleaved via razor blade and exfoliated to produce a thin layer for elemental composition detection using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS, HITACHI S-4800 High Resolution Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)) operating at an acceleration voltage of 20 to 30 kV. Both solid and powder samples were prepared for both crystal plane and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD, Philips PANalytical X’Pert, Cu

K_{α}

wavelength). For peak identification and crystal structure Rigaku data analysis software (PDXL—version 2) was used. Part of the crystal was prepared via fracturing for Thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA, TA Instruments Discovery SDT 650).

Alnaser H.F, & Sparks T.D. (2023). BSTS synthesis guided by CALPHAD approach for phase equilibria and process optimization. Scientific Reports, 13, 3944.

Full text: Click here

Publication 2023

Acceleration Crystal Growth Energy Dispersive X Ray Spectroscopy Powder Scanning Electron Microscopy Thermogravimetry X-Ray Diffraction

Top products related to «Energy Dispersive X Ray Spectroscopy»

S 4800 by Hitachi

Sourced in Japan, United States, China, Germany, United Kingdom, Spain, Canada, Czechia

The S-4800 is a high-resolution scanning electron microscope (SEM) manufactured by Hitachi. It provides a range of imaging and analytical capabilities for various applications. The S-4800 utilizes a field emission electron gun to generate high-quality, high-resolution images of samples.

D8 advance by Bruker

Sourced in Germany, United States, Japan, United Kingdom, China, France, India, Greece, Switzerland, Italy

The D8 Advance is a versatile X-ray diffractometer (XRD) designed for phase identification, quantitative analysis, and structural characterization of a wide range of materials. It features advanced optics and a high-performance detector to provide accurate and reliable results.

Jem 2100f by JEOL

Sourced in Japan, United States, Germany, United Kingdom

The JEM-2100F is a transmission electron microscope (TEM) designed and manufactured by JEOL. It is capable of high-resolution imaging and analytical capabilities. The JEM-2100F is used for a variety of research and industrial applications that require advanced electron microscopy techniques.

Escalab 250xi by Thermo Fisher Scientific

Sourced in United States, United Kingdom, Japan, China, Germany, Netherlands, Switzerland, Portugal

The ESCALAB 250Xi is a high-performance X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) system designed for surface analysis. It provides precise and reliable data for the characterization of materials at the nanoscale level.

Jem 2100 by JEOL

Sourced in Japan, United States, Germany, United Kingdom, China, France

The JEM-2100 is a transmission electron microscope (TEM) manufactured by JEOL. It is designed to provide high-quality imaging and analysis of a wide range of materials at the nanoscale level. The instrument is equipped with a LaB6 electron source and can operate at accelerating voltages up to 200 kV, allowing for the investigation of a variety of samples.

Su8010 by Hitachi

Sourced in Japan, Germany, United States, China

The SU8010 is a field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) manufactured by Hitachi. It is designed for high-resolution imaging of a wide range of sample types. The SU8010 provides stable and reliable performance, with a high-resolution capability and a wide range of analytical functions.

K alpha by Thermo Fisher Scientific

Sourced in United States, United Kingdom, China, Japan, Germany, Canada, Hong Kong

The K-Alpha is a high-performance X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) system designed for surface analysis. It provides detailed information about the chemical composition and bonding of materials at the surface. The K-Alpha system features advanced technology to deliver accurate and reproducible data for a wide range of sample types and applications.

Smartlab by Rigaku

Sourced in Japan, United States, Germany, United Kingdom, China

The SmartLab is a versatile X-ray diffractometer designed for materials analysis. It features automated alignment and data collection capabilities, providing efficient and reliable performance for a wide range of sample types and research applications.

S 4700 by Hitachi

Sourced in Japan, United States, Germany, United Kingdom, Canada

The S-4700 is a field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) manufactured by Hitachi. It provides high-resolution imaging and analytical capabilities for a wide range of applications. The S-4700 utilizes a field emission electron source to produce a stable, high-brightness electron beam, enabling high-resolution imaging of samples.

Ultima 4 by Rigaku

Sourced in Japan, United States, Germany, China

The Rigaku Ultima IV is a compact and versatile X-ray diffractometer designed for a wide range of analytical applications. It features a high-performance X-ray generator, advanced optics, and a sophisticated detector system to provide reliable and accurate data. The Ultima IV is capable of performing various types of X-ray diffraction analyses, including phase identification, structural characterization, and quantitative analysis.

What are the key benefits of using Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDXS)?

EDXS is a powerful, non-destructive analytical technique that offers several key benefits. It provides rapid, high-resolution analysis of the elemental composition of a wide range of materials, making it invaluable for research in fields like materials science, geology, and biology. EDXS is particularly useful for studying the chemical makeup of samples without damaging them, and its detailed results help improve the accuracy and reproducibility of your research.

How can PubCompare.ai assist with EDXS research?

PubCompare.ai is an AI-driven platform that can greatly enhance your EDXS research accuracy and efficiency. The platform allows you to screen protocol literature more effectively, leveraging advanced AI to pinpoint critical insights. PubCompare.ai can help researchers identify the most effective EDXS protocols for their specific research goals, highlighting key differences in protocol effectiveness. This enables you to choose the best option to ensure reproducibility and accuracy in your EDXS analyses.

What are some common challenges in using EDXS, and how can PubCompare.ai help address them?

One common challenge in using EDXS is ensuring the optimal selection of protocols and products for your specific research needs. With the vast amount of literature available, it can be time-consuming and difficult to identify the most effective EDXS methods. PubCompare.ai's AI-driven analysis can streamline this process by helping you quickly pinpoint the critical insights you need. The platform's advanced comparision tools enable you to idnetify the optimal protocols and products, saving time and improving the quality of your EDXS research.

What are the different variations or types of EDXS, and how can PubCompare.ai assist in choosing the right one?

EDXS can be performed using a variety of instrument configurations and experimental setups, each with their own strengths and limitations. For example, some EDXS systems are better suited for analyzing light elements, while others excel at detecting heavier elements. PubCompare.ai's AI-driven platform can help you navigate these different EDXS variations by providing in-depth comparisons of protocol effectiveness, instrument capabilities, and sample requirements. This allows you to select the EDXS approach that is best suited for your specific research objectives and sample characteristics, leading to more accurate and reliable results.

Can you give some examples of how EDXS is used in different fields of study?

EDXS has a wide range of applications across numerous scientific disciplines. In materials science, EDXS is commonly used to study the elemental composition and microstructure of advanced materials, such as semiconductors, ceramics, and composites. In geology, EDXS is invaluable for analyzing the mineral content of rocks and ores, helping to characterize the chemical and geological history of the Earth. In the life sciences, EDXS is employed to investigate the elemental distribution in biological samples, from single cells to whole tissues, providing insights into physiological processes and disease states. No matter the field of study, PubCompare.ai can assist researchers in optimizing their EDXS protocols to ensure the most accurate and relevant results for their specific applications.

More about "Energy Dispersive X Ray Spectroscopy"

Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDXS), also known as EDS or EDX, is a powerful analytical technique used to identify and quantify the elemental composition of materials.
This non-destructive method utilizes the interaction between X-rays and a sample to generate characteristic X-ray spectra, providing detailed information about the elements present.
EDXS is widely employed in materials science, geology, biology, and other fields to study the chemical makeup of a wide range of specimens, including those analyzed using instruments like the S-4800, D8 Advance, JEM-2100F, ESCALAB 250Xi, JEM-2100, SU8010, K-Alpha, SmartLab, and S-4700.
The technique offers rapid, high-resolution analysis, making it an invaluable tool for researchers.
To enhance the accuracy of your EDXS research, consider using PubCompare.ai, an AI-driven platform that helps you locate the best protocols from literature, preprints, and patents.
Utilize its advanced comparison tools to identify the optimal protocols and products for your needs, streamlining your research process and improving your results.
Whether you're studying the chemical composition of materials, geological samples, or biological specimens, EDXS can provide you with the detailed insights you need to advance your work.
Enhance your research with the power of EDXS and the tools available at PubCompare.ai.