Per sample, two separate PCR reactions were performed in order to test two bacterial primer pairs for 16S rDNA amplification. Primer pairs were: (i): S-D-Bact-0341-b-S-17, 5′-CCTACGGGNGGCWGCAG-3′ (32 (link)), and S-D-Bact-0785-a-A-21, 5′-GACTACHVGGGTATCTAATCC-3 (32 (link)); and (ii): S-D-Bact-0008-a-S-16, 5′-AGAGTTTGATCMTGGC-3′ (33 (link)), and S-D-Bact-0907-a-A-20, 5′-CCGTCAATTCMTTTGAGTTT-3′ (34 ). The reaction was carried out in 50 µl volumes containing 0.3 mg/ml BSA (Bovine Serum Albumin), 250 µM dTNPs, 0.5 µM of each primer, 0.02 U Phusion High-Fidelity DNA Polymerase (Finnzymes OY, Espoo, Finland) and 5x Phusion HF Buffer containing 1.5 mM MgCl2. The following PCR conditions were used: initial denaturation at 95°C for 5 min, followed by 25 cycles consisting of denaturation (95°C for 40 s), annealing (2 min) and extension (72°C for 1 min) and a final extension step at 72°C for 7 min. Annealing temperature for primer pair (i) was set at 55°C and for (ii) at 44°C. PCR products were purified with a QiaQuick PCR purification kit (QIAGEN, Hilden, Germany). The quantity and quality of the extracted DNA were analysed by spectrophotometry using an ND-1000 spectrophotometer (NanoDrop Technologies, Wilmington, DE) and by agarose gel electrophoresis. The PCR products were stored at −20°C for sequencing.
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Spectrophotometry
Spectrophotometry
Spectrophotometry is a analytical technique that measures the amount of light absorbed or transmitted by a sample at different wavelengths.
It is widely used in a variety of fields, including biochemistry, analytical chemistry, and material science, to identify and quantify chemical compounds, monitor chemical reactions, and characterize the optical properties of materials.
The technique involves passing a beam of light through a sample and measuring the intensity of the light that emerges on the other side.
By analyzing the absorption or transmission spectrum, researchers can obtain information about the chemical composition, concentration, and structure of the sample.
Spectrophotometry is a powerful tool for accurate and reproducible measurments, and is a core technique in many laboratory protocols and experimental procedures.
It is widely used in a variety of fields, including biochemistry, analytical chemistry, and material science, to identify and quantify chemical compounds, monitor chemical reactions, and characterize the optical properties of materials.
The technique involves passing a beam of light through a sample and measuring the intensity of the light that emerges on the other side.
By analyzing the absorption or transmission spectrum, researchers can obtain information about the chemical composition, concentration, and structure of the sample.
Spectrophotometry is a powerful tool for accurate and reproducible measurments, and is a core technique in many laboratory protocols and experimental procedures.
Most cited protocols related to «Spectrophotometry»
Bacteria
Buffers
DNA, Ribosomal
DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase
Electrophoresis, Agar Gel
Magnesium Chloride
Oligonucleotide Primers
Serum Albumin, Bovine
Spectrophotometry
2',5'-oligoadenylate
Blood Plasma Volume
Caenorhabditis elegans
Homo sapiens
inhibitors
isolation
Lipids
MicroRNAs
Plasma
Proteins
Serum
Spectrophotometry
Staphylococcal Protein A
Technique, Dilution
trizol
All antigen testing was conducted using commercial assays according to manufacturers’ instructions, with the exception that samples were tested before and after heat treatment on each assay. For heat treatment, serum samples were placed in a heat block at 103°C for 10 minutes, the resultant coagulum centrifuged, and the supernatant used in each commercial assay. Test kits evaluated before and after heat treatment included enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in microtiter plate formats (DiroCHEK®, Synbiotics Corporation, Zoetis; PetChek® Heartworm PF Antigen Test, IDEXX Laboratories, Inc.), membrane bound ELISAs (SNAP® Feline Heartworm® Test, IDEXX Laboratories, Inc.), and lateral flow immunochromatographic tests (WITNESS® HW, Synbiotics Corporation, Zoetis). In addition, O.D. readings were obtained by spectrophotometry before and after heat treatment for one of the microtiter plate assays (PetChek® Heartworm PF Antigen Test, IDEXX Laboratories, Inc.) according to manufacturer’s directions.
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Antigens
Biological Assay
Dirofilaria immitis
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
Felidae
Immunochromatography
Serum
Spectrophotometry
Synbiotics
Tissue, Membrane
Adult tissues or whole embryos were homogenized in Tri Reagent (Sigma) and total RNA was extracted as previously described [37 (link)] and treated with DNase I (Roche, Indianapolis, IN). An aliquot of each extract was used for spectrophotometry to determine RNA quality and concentration. RNA with a 260/280 ratio between 1.95–2.2 and a 260/230 ratio > 1 and < 3 was considered satisfactory and was used in this study. Each RNA extract was assayed in triplicate and an average value was determined. A 1 μg aliquot was taken of each sample and electrophoresed on an agarose gel to confirm quality and concentration. cDNA was synthesized from total RNA (5 μg; 20 μl final reaction volume) with oligo(dT) priming using SuperScript II reverse transcriptase (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA) according to the manufacturer's instructions. For analysis of 18s, reverse transcription was carried out using random primers which results in a lower reaction efficiency. A minimum of two RT reactions were performed for each biological replicate for technical replicate comparison.
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Adult
Biopharmaceuticals
Deoxyribonuclease I
DNA, Complementary
DNA Replication
Embryo
Oligonucleotide Primers
Oligonucleotides
Reverse Transcription
RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase
Sepharose
Spectrophotometry
Tissues
Frozen fecal samples were thawed on ice, 100 mg of each sample was suspended in 4 M guanidium thiocyanate, 100 mM Tris-HCl (pH 9.0), and 40 mM EDTA, and the samples were then beaten with zirconia beads using a FastPrep FP100A instrument (MP Biomedicals, USA). DNA was extracted from the bead-treated suspensions using a Magtration System 12GC and GC series MagDEA DNA 200 (Precision System Science, Japan). DNA concentrations were estimated by spectrophotometry using an ND-1000 instrument (NanDrop Technologies, USA), and the final concentration of the DNA sample was adjusted to 10 ng/µL.
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Edetic Acid
Feces
Freezing
Spectrophotometry
Thiocyanates
Tromethamine
zirconium oxide
Most recents protocols related to «Spectrophotometry»
Example 4
A suitable amount of the toluene solution of the CsPbBr3 quantum dots (the CsPbBr3 quantum dots are about 5 mg) in Preparation Embodiment 4, 20 ml of a toluene solvent, and 0.5 g of polyvinyl butyral are taken, and stirred and mixed in glassware at 80 degrees Celsius, so that the CsPbBr3 quantum dots are dispersed in swollen polyvinyl butyral, after the toluene is removed, a wavelength converting film with a thickness of about 300 microns is prepared by compressing in a mold.
A suitable amount of the toluene solution of the CsPbBr3 quantum dots (the CsPbBr3 quantum dots about 0.5 g) in Preparation Embodiment 4 and 500 g of a UV-curable acrylic resin are taken and mixed, an organic solvent is removed in vacuum, coating is performed by using a blade coater, and ultraviolet light curing is performed to prepare a wavelength converting film with a thickness of about 300 microns.
A suitable amount of the toluene solution of the CsPbBr3 quantum dots (the CsPbBr3 quantum dots are about 0.5 g) in Preparation Embodiment 4 and 500 g of a thermocuring epoxy resin are taken and mixed, an organic solvent is removed in vacuum, coating is performed by using a blade coater, and heat-curing is performed to prepare a wavelength converting film with a thickness of about 300 microns.
The wavelength converting films in Embodiment 4, Contrast Example 4-1, Contrast Example 4-2 and Contrast Example 4-3 are placed in an oven with a humidity of 95% and a temperature of 60° C., and 447 nm of a blue backlight source of which an intensity is 50 mW per square centimeter is used to illuminate, the brightness of the wavelength converting films are respectively tested at 0 h, 24 h, 48 h, 96 h, 168 h, 336 h, 672 h, and 1000 h, and the initial brightness of the wavelength converting film is marked as 1, ratios of the brightness at different times to the initial brightness are recorded, and test results are shown in Table 5. An instrument used to test the brightness is a PR-670 spectrophotometric radiometer.
It may be seen from Table 5 that compared with the existing common swelling method (Contrast Example 4-1), ultraviolet light curing acrylic resin (Contrast Example 4-2), and thermocuring epoxy resin (Contrast Example 4-3), after the wavelength converting film prepared by using the method (Embodiment 4) of dispersing the CsPbBr3 quantum dots in the molten polyvinyl butyral is aged for 1000 h in the oven with 95% of the humidity and 60° C. of the temperature, the ratios of the brightness and the initial brightness are respectively 0.98, 0.34, 0.33 and 0.56, namely the brightness of the wavelength converting film in Embodiment 4 is kept basically unchanged. It is indicated from the above that the fluorescent nanomaterial-polymer composite and the wavelength converting film prepared by this method have the excellent stability.
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A 300
Acrylic Resins
Epoxy Resins
Fungus, Filamentous
Humidity
Polymers
polyvinylbutyral
Solvents
Spectrophotometry
Toluene
Ultraviolet Rays
Vacuum
Vision
Whole blood samples were collected from human and rat maternal or umbilical cord blood. The substances to be tested in the sera were measured by UV spectrophotometry using detection kits according to the manufacturer’s instructions (Mbbiology Biological, Jiangsu, China). The kit details are provided in Additional file 1 : Supplementary Table 3.
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Biopharmaceuticals
BLOOD
Homo sapiens
Mothers
Serum
Spectrophotometry
Umbilical Cord Blood
Blood samples (3 mL, from wing veins) were clotted at 37 ℃ for 60 min in water bath and centrifuged (594 g, 15 min) for serum samples (stored at −80 ℃). Serum levels of calcium (catalogue no. C004-2), phosphorus (catalogue no. C006-1) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP; catalogue no. A058-1) were analyzed using commercial kits purchased from Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute (Nanjing, Jiangsu, China). Serum levels of C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX-I) was analyzed using a commercial kit (catalogue no. ml060903) purchased from Shanghai Enzyme-linked Biotechnology Co., Ltd (Shanghai, China). The spectrophotometric reactions were detected using a Synergy HT plate reader (BioTek, Winooski, VT, USA; for calcium and CTX-I analysis) or a UV-1800 spectrophotometer (Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan; for phosphorus and TARP analysis).
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Bath
BLOOD
Calcium, Dietary
Enzymes
ICTP peptide
Phosphorus
Serum
Spectrophotometry
Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase
Veins
The mycelial mass was
quantified using the standard curve method as described by Alias et
al.16 (link) Briefly, 5 g of homogenized fermented
substrate was collected at 0, 3, 6, 13, 20, 27, and 34 days after
inoculation. Samples were ground to fine powder, and the genomic DNA
was extracted from each sample. After spectrophotometric quantification,
the DNA was submitted to real-time PCR amplification with the TCal
primer pair.20 (link) The experiment was performed
in duplicate.
quantified using the standard curve method as described by Alias et
al.16 (link) Briefly, 5 g of homogenized fermented
substrate was collected at 0, 3, 6, 13, 20, 27, and 34 days after
inoculation. Samples were ground to fine powder, and the genomic DNA
was extracted from each sample. After spectrophotometric quantification,
the DNA was submitted to real-time PCR amplification with the TCal
primer pair.20 (link) The experiment was performed
in duplicate.
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Genome
Mycelium
Powder
Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
Spectrophotometry
To define the group to which the purified UcB5 belongs, the influence of various metallic ions and standard reagents upon its amidolytic activity was explored. In a microplate, these were mixed with 1.0 × 10–4 mg of the chromogenic substrate S7388 and 2.0 × 10–3 mg of the enzyme in 100 µl of 20 mM Tris–HCl (pH 8.0) buffer and incubated for 3 min at 37 °C. The released pNA was quantified by the spectrophotometric measurement at A405.
For metal ions experimentation, they were tested in parallel tests at the concentration of 5 mM. The applied concentrations of protease reagents varied according to the cited literature (see the results). The enzyme activity in the treatment devoid of reagents and cations was considered 100%.
For metal ions experimentation, they were tested in parallel tests at the concentration of 5 mM. The applied concentrations of protease reagents varied according to the cited literature (see the results). The enzyme activity in the treatment devoid of reagents and cations was considered 100%.
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Buffers
Cations
Chromogenic Substrates
enzyme activity
Enzymes
Ions
Metals
Peptide Hydrolases
Spectrophotometry
Tromethamine
Top products related to «Spectrophotometry»
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TRIzol reagent is a monophasic solution of phenol, guanidine isothiocyanate, and other proprietary components designed for the isolation of total RNA, DNA, and proteins from a variety of biological samples. The reagent maintains the integrity of the RNA while disrupting cells and dissolving cell components.
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The RNeasy Mini Kit is a laboratory equipment designed for the purification of total RNA from a variety of sample types, including animal cells, tissues, and other biological materials. The kit utilizes a silica-based membrane technology to selectively bind and isolate RNA molecules, allowing for efficient extraction and recovery of high-quality RNA.
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The NanoDrop 2000 is a spectrophotometer designed for the analysis of small volume samples. It enables rapid and accurate quantification of proteins, DNA, and RNA by measuring the absorbance of the sample. The NanoDrop 2000 utilizes a patented sample retention system that requires only 1-2 microliters of sample for each measurement.
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The NanoDrop is a spectrophotometer designed for the quantification and analysis of small volume samples. It measures the absorbance of a sample and provides accurate results for DNA, RNA, and protein concentration measurements.
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TRIzol is a monophasic solution of phenol and guanidine isothiocyanate that is used for the isolation of total RNA from various biological samples. It is a reagent designed to facilitate the disruption of cells and the subsequent isolation of RNA.
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The High-Capacity cDNA Reverse Transcription Kit is a laboratory tool used to convert RNA into complementary DNA (cDNA) molecules. It provides a reliable and efficient method for performing reverse transcription, a fundamental step in various molecular biology applications.
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The NanoDrop ND-1000 is a spectrophotometer designed for the quantification and qualification of small-volume samples. It utilizes a patented sample retention system that requires only 1-2 microliters of sample to measure the absorbance across the full UV-Vis spectrum.
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The Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer is a lab instrument that provides automated analysis of DNA, RNA, and protein samples. It uses microfluidic technology to separate and detect these biomolecules with high sensitivity and resolution.
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The NanoDrop 1000 is a spectrophotometer designed for the quantification and analysis of small volume samples. It can measure the absorbance of samples ranging from 1 to 2 microliters in volume. The device uses innovative sample-retention technology to allow for direct measurement without the need for cuvettes or other sample vessels.
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MTT is a colorimetric assay used to measure cell metabolic activity. It is a lab equipment product developed by Merck Group. MTT is a tetrazolium dye that is reduced by metabolically active cells, producing a colored formazan product that can be quantified spectrophotometrically.
More about "Spectrophotometry"
Spectrophotometry is a powerful analytical technique that measures the amount of light absorbed or transmitted by a sample at different wavelengths.
This versatile method is widely used in a variety of scientific fields, including biochemistry, analytical chemistry, and material science, to identify and quantify chemical compounds, monitor chemical reactions, and characterize the optical properties of materials.
The technique involves passing a beam of light through a sample and measuring the intensity of the light that emerges on the other side.
By analyzing the absorption or transmission spectrum, researchers can obtain valuable information about the chemical composition, concentration, and structure of the sample.
Spectrophotometry is a core technique in many laboratory protocols and experimental procedures, and is known for its accuracy and reproducibility.
Related techniques and instruments commonly used in spectrophotometry include TRIzol reagent for RNA extraction, the RNeasy Mini Kit for purifying RNA, the NanoDrop 2000 and NanoDrop ND-1000 for quantifying nucleic acids and proteins, the High-Capacity cDNA Reverse Transcription Kit for converting RNA to cDNA, the Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer for analyzing the quality and quantity of nucleic acids, and the MTT assay for measuring cell viability.
By leveraging these complementary tools and techniques, researchers can optimize their spectrophotometry protocols to achieve reliable and insightful results.
PubCompare.ai's AI-powered platform can help researchers effortlessly locate and compare the best spectrophotometry protocols from literature, pre-prints, and patents, ensuring they choose the most effective methods and products for their research needs.
This versatile method is widely used in a variety of scientific fields, including biochemistry, analytical chemistry, and material science, to identify and quantify chemical compounds, monitor chemical reactions, and characterize the optical properties of materials.
The technique involves passing a beam of light through a sample and measuring the intensity of the light that emerges on the other side.
By analyzing the absorption or transmission spectrum, researchers can obtain valuable information about the chemical composition, concentration, and structure of the sample.
Spectrophotometry is a core technique in many laboratory protocols and experimental procedures, and is known for its accuracy and reproducibility.
Related techniques and instruments commonly used in spectrophotometry include TRIzol reagent for RNA extraction, the RNeasy Mini Kit for purifying RNA, the NanoDrop 2000 and NanoDrop ND-1000 for quantifying nucleic acids and proteins, the High-Capacity cDNA Reverse Transcription Kit for converting RNA to cDNA, the Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer for analyzing the quality and quantity of nucleic acids, and the MTT assay for measuring cell viability.
By leveraging these complementary tools and techniques, researchers can optimize their spectrophotometry protocols to achieve reliable and insightful results.
PubCompare.ai's AI-powered platform can help researchers effortlessly locate and compare the best spectrophotometry protocols from literature, pre-prints, and patents, ensuring they choose the most effective methods and products for their research needs.