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Thermodilution

Thermodilution is a minimally invasive technique used to measure cardiac output and other hemodynamic parameters.
It involves injecting a cold saline solution into the bloodstream and tracking its temperature change over time to calculate cardiac output.
This method provides a reliable and accurate assessment of cardiovascular function, making it a valuable tool in critical care and perioperative settings.
Researchers can optimize thermodilution protocols using AI-driven comparisons of published literature, preprints, and patents to enhance reproducibility and accuracy.

Most cited protocols related to «Thermodilution»

Measuring Blood Pressure: From Invasive to Noninvasive

Cited 15 times

The first quantitative measurements of blood pressure were performed in animals by Hales in 1733 [24 , 25 (link)]. Early reports of intra-arterial pressure measurement in the human are from 1912, when Bleichröder [26 ] cannulated his own radial artery. It is unlikely that he recorded his BP although it would have been possible at that time: Frank developed accurate and fast manometers that could measure pulsatile pressure in 1903 [27 ]. Invasive measurement of BP was confined to the physiology labs for quite some time [28 (link), 29 (link)]. However in the 1950s and 1960s, with the development of refined insertion techniques [30 (link)] and Teflon catheters it became standard clinical practice. High fidelity catheter-tip manometers, such as used to measure pressure gradients across a coronary stenosis, were introduced by Murgo and Millar in 1972 [31 ]. Table 1 gives an overview of BP methods.Table 1

Methods for measurement of blood pressure and cardiac output

System	Method	Company	CO		BP
Nexfin	Finger cuff technology/pulse contour analysis	BMEYE	+	___	+	___
Finometer	Finger cuff technology/pulse contour analysis	FMS	+	___	+	___
LIFEGARD^® ICG	Thoracic electrical bioimpedance	CAS Medical Systems, Inc.	+	___	+	…
BioZ Monitor	Impedance cardiography	CardioDynamics International Corporation	+	___	+	…
Cheetah reliant	“Bioreactance”	Cheetah Medical	+	___	+	…
Cardioscreen/Niccomo	Impedance cardiography and impedance plethysmography	Medis Medizinische Messtechnik GmbH	+	___	+	…
AESCULON	Electrical “velocimetry”	Osypka Medical GmbH	+	___	+	…
HIC-4000	Impedance cardiography	Microtronics Corp Bio Imp Tech, Inc.	+	___
NICaS	Regional impedance	NImedical	+	___
IQ2	3-dimensional impedance	Noninvasive Medical Technologies	+	___
ICON	Electrical “velocimetry”	Osypka Medical GmbH	+	___
PHYSIO FLOW	Thoracic electrical bioimpedance	Manatec biomedical	+	___
AcQtrac	Thoracic impedance	Väsamed	+	___
esCCO	Pulse wave transit time	Nihon Kohden	+	___
TEBCO	Thoracic electrical bioimpedance	HEMO SAPIENS INC.	+	___
NCCOM 3	Impedance cardiography	Bomed Medical Manufacturing Ltd	+	___
RheoCardioMonitor	Impedance cardiography	Rheo-Graphic PTE	+	___
HemoSonic™ 100	transesophageal Doppler	Arrow Critical Care Products	+	___
ECOM	Endotracheal bioimpedance	ConMed Corporation	+	___
CardioQ-ODM™	Oesophageal Doppler	Deltex	+	___
TECO	Transesophageal Doppler	Medicina	+	___
ODM II	Transesophageal Doppler	Abbott	+	___
HDI/PulseWave™ CR-2000	Pressure waveform analysis	Hypertension Diagnostics, Inc	+	_ _	+	_ _
USCOM 1A	Transthoracic Doppler	Uscom	+	_ _
NICO	Rebreathing Fick	Philips Respironics	+	…
Innocor	Rebreathing Fick	Innovision A/S	+	…
Vigileo/FloTrac	Pulse contour analysis	Edwards Lifesciences	–	___	–	___
LiDCOplus PulseCO	Transpulmonary lithium dilution/pulse contour analysis	LiDCO Ltd	–	___	–	___
PiCCO2	Transpulmonary thermodilution/pulse contour analysis	PULSION Medical Systems AG	–	___	–	___
MOSTCARE PRAM	Pulse contour analysis	Vytech	–	___	–	___
Vigilance	Pulmonary artery catheter thermodilution	Edwards Lifesciences	–	…	–	___
DDG	Dye-densitogram analyzer	Nihon Kohden	–	…
Truccom	Pulmonary artery catheter thermodilution	Omega Critical Care	–	…
COstatus	Ultrasound dilution	Transonic Systems Inc.	–		+	…
CNAP Monitor 500	Finger cuff technology	CNSystems Medizintechnik AG			+	___
SphygmoCor^® CPV System	Applanation tonometry	AtCor Medical			+	_ _
TL-200 T-LINE	Applanation tonometry	Tensys Medical, Inc.			+	_ _

+ noninvasive, – invasive, ___ continuous, _ _ semi-continuous, … intermittent

Practical noninvasive (intermittent) BP measurement became possible when Riva-Rocci presented his air-inflatable arm cuff connected to a manometer in 1896 [32 , 33 (link)]. By deflating the cuff and feeling for the pulse, systolic BP could be determined. In 1905 Korotkoff [34 , 35 (link)] advanced the technique further with the auscultatory method making it possible to determine diastolic pressure as well. In 1903 Cushing recommended BP monitoring using the Riva-Rocci sphygmomanometer for patients under general anesthesia [36 (link)]. Nowadays, automated assessment of BP with oscillometric devices is commonly used. These devices determine BP by analyzing the oscillations measured in the cuff-pressure. The pressure in the cuff is first brought above systolic pressure and then deflated to below diastolic pressure. Oscillations are largest when cuff pressure equals mean arterial pressure. Proprietary algorithms determine systolic and diastolic values from the oscillations. Oscillometers may be inaccurate [37 ], and provided values that are frequently lower than direct BP measurements in critically ill patients, [38 (link), 39 (link)] whereas detection of large BP changes is unreliable [40 (link)]. Due to its intermittent nature hyper- and hypotensive periods may be missed [2 (link)].
“Semi-continuous noninvasive methods” based on radial arterial tonometry require an additional arm cuff to calibrate arterial pressure [41 (link)–43 (link)]. The use of these devices may become problematic under conditions with significant patient motion or surgical manipulation of the limbs [43 (link), 44 (link)]. However, tonometry devices have contributed greatly to the knowledge of the relation between the pressure wave shape and cardiovascular function [45 (link), 46 (link)].

Truijen J., van Lieshout J.J., Wesselink W.A, & Westerhof B.E. (2012). Noninvasive continuous hemodynamic monitoring. Journal of Clinical Monitoring and Computing, 26(4), 267-278.

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Publication 2012

Animals Arteries Arteries, Radial Auscultation Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena Catheters Cheetahs Coronary Stenosis Critical Care Critical Illness Determination, Blood Pressure Diagnosis Diastole Electricity Esophagus General Anesthesia Heart Homo sapiens Lithium Manometry Medical Devices Operative Surgical Procedures Oscillometry Patients physiology Pressure Pressure, Diastolic Pulse Rate Reliance resin cement Sphygmomanometers Systole Systolic Pressure Technique, Dilution Teflon Thermodilution Tonometry Velocimetry

Whole-Body Impedance Cardiography: Cardiovascular Evaluation

Cited 12 times

A whole-body impedance cardiography device (CircMon^R, JR Medical Ltd, Tallinn, Estonia), which records the changes in body electrical impedance during cardiac cycles, was used to determine beat-to-beat HR, stroke index (stroke volume in proportion to body surface area, ml/m²), cardiac index (cardiac output/body surface area, l/min/m²), and PWV (m/s)
[29 (link)-31 (link)]. Left cardiac work index (kg*m/min/m²) was calculated by formula 0.0143*(MAP–PAOP)*cardiac index, which has been derived from the equation published by Gorlin et al.
[32 (link)]. MAP is mean radial arterial pressure measured by tonometric sensor, PAOP is pulmonary artery occlusion pressure which is assumed to be normal (default 6 mmHg), and 0.0143 is the factor for the conversion of pressure from mmHg to cmH₂O, volume to density of blood (kg/L), and centimetre to metre. Systemic vascular resistance index (systemic vascular resistance/body surface area, dyn*s/cm⁵/m²) was calculated from the signal of the tonometric BP sensor and cardiac index measured by CircMon^R.
To calculate the PWV, the CircMon software measures the time difference between the onset of the decrease in impedance in the whole-body impedance signal and the popliteal artery signal. From the time difference and the distance between the electrodes, PWV can be determined. As the whole-body impedance cardiography slightly overestimates PWV when compared with Doppler ultrasound method, a validated equation was utilized to calculate values that correspond to the ultrasound method (PWV = (PWV_impedance*0.696) + 0.864)
[30 (link)]. PWV was determined only in the supine position because of less accurate timing of left ventricular ejection during head-up tilt
[30 (link)]. A detailed description of the method and electrode configuration has been previously reported
[31 (link)]. PWV was also recorded after the head-up tilt in all subjects, and the average difference between the mean PWV before and after the head-up tilt was 0.024 ± 0.388 m/s (mean ± standard deviation), showing the good repeatability of the method (repeatability index R 98%, Bland-Altman repeatability index 0.8)
[33 ]. The cardiac output values measured with CircMon^R are in good agreement with the values measured by the thermodilution method
[31 (link)], and the repeatability and reproducibility of the measurements (including PWV recordings) have been shown to be good
[34 (link),35 (link)].

Koskela J.K., Tahvanainen A., Haring A., Tikkakoski A.J., Ilveskoski E., Viitala J., Leskinen M.H., Lehtimäki T., Kähönen M.A., Kööbi T., Niemelä O., Mustonen J.T, & Pörsti I.H. (2013). Association of resting heart rate with cardiovascular function: a cross-sectional study in 522 Finnish subjects. BMC Cardiovascular Disorders, 13, 102.

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Publication 2013

Blood Volume Body Surface Area Cardiac Output Cardiography, Impedance Cerebrovascular Accident Head Heart Human Body Left Ventricles Medical Devices Popliteal Artery Pressure Pulmonary Wedge Pressure Stroke Volume Thermodilution Tonometry Total Peripheral Resistance Ultrasonography Ultrasounds, Doppler

Measuring Cardiac Output and Fluid Status

Cited 11 times

Immediately after inclusion, one of the investigators (RP) injected five successive cold boluses, each according to the manufacturer's recommendation [7 ]. For each bolus, we injected 15 mL 0.9% saline at 6°C through the distal port of the internal jugular catheter. The injection was performed as rapidly as possible, irrespective of the respiratory cycle. The injectate temperature was carefully checked to be <6°C for all boluses, as displayed by the PiCCO device. For ensuring that boluses were <6°C, we used two packs of saline, one frozen and one at 6°C. For each bolus, we sampled 20 mL from the 6°C saline pack, injected it into the iced pack and re-sampled 15 mL from this saline that had been cooled by the contact with ice. These 15 mL were used for performing the bolus. The thermodilution curve recorded by the arterial thermistance was automatically analyzed by the PiCCO2 device, allowing obtaining the value of cardiac output, of GEDV indexed for body surface (GEDVi) and of EVLW indexed for predicted body weight (EVLWi). The five boluses were performed one after another, as soon as blood temperature had returned to its baseline value, as indicated by the device. The values of CI, GEDVi and EVLWi obtained from each thermodilution were collected. No thermodilution curve was rejected from analysis. Treatments were kept unchanged and patients were not mobilized during the study period. All measurements were performed by the same operator (RP).

Monnet X., Persichini R., Ktari M., Jozwiak M., Richard C, & Teboul J.L. (2011). Precision of the transpulmonary thermodilution measurements. Critical Care, 15(4), R204.

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Publication 2011

Arteries BLOOD Body Weight Cardiac Output Catheters Cold Temperature Freezing Human Body Medical Devices Normal Saline Patients Respiratory Rate Saline Solution Thermodilution

Validating Cardiac Output Estimation

Cited 8 times

We evaluated this mathematical transformation in 67 (37 female) apparently healthy undergraduate students (Mean Age 19.94 ± 2.8).
Resting beat-to-beat blood pressure was assessed for 5 minutes using the Finometer® MIDI non-invasive blood pressure monitoring device (FMS Medical Systems, The Netherlands). The Finometer estimates CO using the Modelflow method based on a three-element Windkessel model which has been previously described [6 ] and shown to produce values comparable to those obtained via thermodilution [7 (link)]. Finally, height and weight were recorded and body mass index (BMI) – a measure that adjusts body weight for height – was calculated.

The equation used to derive the estimate of cardiac output (CO_EST) was as follows: CO_EST = PP / (SBP+DBP) * HR

Pulse pressure (PP) was calculated as the mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) minus the mean diastolic blood pressure (DBP). PP was then divided by the sum of SBP and DPB, and the product multiplied by HR. All CO_EST values were then multiplied by a constant (k) to obtain CO_EST-ADJ values. This constant was calculated by dividing CO by CO_EST for each participant [2 ], and the mean of the product was regarded as k. The k value was then multiplied by each CO_EST value, giving CO_EST-ADJ values, which were comparable to Modelflow derived CO.
All statistical tests were conducted using SPSS (ver. 19, IBM Chicago, IL, USA). Independent sample t-tests were used to determine any gender differences between variables. Pearson’s r correlation coefficients were used to evaluate the association between Modelflow derived CO and CO_EST (all results were identical when using CO_EST-ADJ). Bland-Altman plots were constructed to assess the level of agreement between Modelflow derived CO and CO_EST-ADJ overall [8 (link)].

Koenig J., Hill L.K., Williams D.P, & Thayer J.F. (2015). ESTIMATING CARDIAC OUTPUT FROM BLOOD PRESSURE AND HEART RATE: THE LILJESTRAND & ZANDER FORMULA. Biomedical sciences instrumentation, 51, 85-90.

Publication 2015

Blood Pressure Body Weight Cardiac Output Continuous Sphygmomanometers Females Index, Body Mass Pressure Pressure, Diastolic Student Systolic Pressure Thermodilution

Thermodilution Technique for Coronary Flow

Cited 6 times

We adopted a thermodilution technique rather than Doppler because we wished to implement a method that is most transferable to routine clinical practice. In our experience, the Doppler measurements can be more time-consuming, require considerable experience, and may be less reproducible,^{14 (link)} and the guidewire is typically more expensive.
A coronary pressure- and temperature-sensitive guide wire (St. Jude Medical, St. Paul, MN) was used to measure IMR and CFR in the culprit coronary artery at the end of primary or rescue PCI. The guidewire was calibrated outside the body, equalized with aortic pressure at the ostium of the guide catheter. and then advanced to the distal third of the culprit artery. This thermodilution method is based on the following basic relationship: flow=volume/mean transit time. CFR is defined as the ratio of peak hyperemic to resting flow (CFR=flow at hyperemia/flow at rest). Flow is the ratio of the volume (V) divided by the mean transit time (Tmn). Thus, CFR can be expressed as follows: CFR=(V/Tmn) at hyperemia/(V/Tmn) at rest. Assuming that the epicardial volume remains unchanged, CFR can be calculated as follows: CFR=Tmn at rest/Tmn at hyperemia. CFR and IMR are distinct physiological parameters. CFR reflects epicardial and microcirculatory function. In contrast, IMR is a direct invasive measure of microvascular resistance. IMR is defined as the distal coronary pressure multiplied by the mean transit time of a 3-mL bolus of saline at room temperature during maximal coronary hyperemia measured simultaneously (mm Hg·s or units).^{10 (link)–12 (link)}Hyperemia was induced by 140 μg·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹ of intravenous adenosine preceded by a 2-mL intracoronary bolus of 200 µg nitrate. The mean aortic and distal coronary pressures were recorded during maximal hyperemia. We have previously found IMR to be highly repeatable when assessed by duplicate measurements 5 minutes apart in 12 consecutive patients with STEMI at the end of PCI.^{12 (link)}On the basis of prior literature, we prespecified and examined an IMR>40 and the following classifications: (1) IMR≤40 and CFR>2.0, (2) IMR>40 and CFR>2.0, (3) IMR≤40 and CFR≤2.0, and (4) IMR>40 and CFR≤2.0.

Carrick D., Haig C., Ahmed N., Carberry J., Yue May V.T., McEntegart M., Petrie M.C., Eteiba H., Lindsay M., Hood S., Watkins S., Davie A., Mahrous A., Mordi I., Ford I., Radjenovic A., Oldroyd K.G, & Berry C. (2016). Comparative Prognostic Utility of Indexes of Microvascular Function Alone or in Combination in Patients With an Acute ST-Segment–Elevation Myocardial Infarction. Circulation, 134(23), 1833-1847.

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Publication 2016

Adenosine Aorta Aortic Pressure Arteries Artery, Coronary Catheters Heart Human Body Hyperemia Microcirculation Nitrates Patients Saline Solution ST Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Thermodilution

Most recents protocols related to «Thermodilution»

Glutamine Supplementation in Cardiac Surgery

Patients in the glutamine group (n = 30) were administered a 0.5 g/kg of 20% glutamine solution (Dipeptiven, Fresenius Kabi, Bad Homburg, Germany) diluted with isotonic saline up to 500 mL in total volume. Glutamine dose of 0.5 g/kg was based on a previous study by Engel et al which observed maintained reduced glutathione (GSH) levels after cardiac surgery with CPB, however, did not evaluate any clinical parameters. Glutamine was given via central venous catheter over 24 hours, while patients in the control group (n = 30) were administered 500 mL isotonic saline via a central venous catheter over the same period of time. Each solution was administered immediately after a central venous catheter was placed.
Arterial blood sampling was performed five times. Parameters collected at each respective period of time are as follows:

Before induction (troponin I level, glutamine level)

Five minutes after CPB (troponin I level)

Six hours after CPB (troponin I level)

Twenty-four hours after CPB (troponin I level, glutamine level)

Forty-eight hours after CPB (troponin I level)

Blood samples were centrifuged for 15 minutes at a speed of 3500 X G within a maximum period of 30 minutes after collection. Then, the plasma was stored at −80°C. The method used for analysing plasma troponin I level was colorimetry using troponin I (human) ELISA kit (Abnova, KA0233). Sigma–Aldrich GLN1 glutamine/glutamate determination kit (Sigma–Aldrich, GLN1-1KT) was used in the analysis of the plasma glutamine levels.
The right atrial appendage tissue was collected only at 5 minutes after CPB. An approximately 5×5 mm sample of the right atrial appendage tissue was immediately transported to the laboratory at 4°C within a maximum period of 30 minutes. The tissue sample was then split for histopathological slide preparation. The specimen was fixated with a 10% formaldehyde buffer solution for 8 hours before being transported for transformation into a paraffin tissue block. This block was then assessed for three different examinations: myocardial injury score, apoptotic index, and anti-cardiac troponin I.
Myocardial injury score was assessed with a hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained paraffin tissue block. A myocardial injury scoring system ranging from 0 to 3 as follows: 0 = no change; 1 = slight changes: focal myocyte damage or small multifocal degeneration with slight degree of inflammation; 2 = moderate changes: extensive myofibrillar degeneration and/or diffuse inflammatory process; 3 = severe changes: necrosis with diffuse inflammatory process.14 (link)
The apoptotic index was assessed in the paraffin tissue block stained with a TUNEL assay kit (Abcam, ab206386). A positive TUNEL stained cell showed a brown colored nucleus. The apoptotic index was then calculated based on the average number of positive cells.14 (link)
Expression of anti-cardiac troponin I was assessed in an anti-cardiac troponin I antibody (Abcam, ab47003) stained paraffin tissue block. Anti-cardiac troponin I expression was measured using a scoring system ranging from 0 to −3 as follows: 0 = no loss of staining; −1 = minimal decrease in staining, compared to normally stained tissue; −2 = clear decrease in staining with some positive (brown color) stain remaining; −3 = no positive (brown color) staining.17 (link) All histopathological slide of each examination was analyzed using a light microscope (Olympus BX50, Tokyo, Japan). The histopathological slides were assessed separately by two blinded examiners.
Measurements of CI were done at five different periods, which were after induction, 5 minutes, 6 hours, and 24 hours after CPB. Data were obtained by thermodilution method via pulmonary artery catheter.

Parmana I.M., Boom C.E., Rachmadi L., Hanafy D.A., Widyastuti Y., Mansyur M, & Siswanto B.B. (2023). Correlation Between Cardiac Index, Plasma Troponin I, Myocardial Histopathology, CPB and AoX Duration in Glutamine versus No Glutamine Administered Patients with Low Ejection Fraction Undergoing Elective On-Pump CABG Surgery: Secondary Analysis of an RCT. Vascular Health and Risk Management, 19, 93-101.

Publication 2023

Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic Apoptosis Arteries Atrium, Right Auricular Appendage Biological Assay BLOOD Buffers Catheters Cell Nucleus Cells Colorimetry Dipeptiven Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Eosin Formalin Glutamate Glutamine Heart Hematoxylin Homo sapiens Inflammation Injuries In Situ Nick-End Labeling Light Microscopy Muscle Cells Myocardium Necrosis Paraffin Patients Physical Examination Plasma Pulmonary Artery Reduced Glutathione Saline Solution Stains Suby's G solution Surgical Procedure, Cardiac Thermodilution Tissues Tissue Stains Troponin I Venous Catheter, Central

Perioperative Anesthesia Management for Cardiac Surgery

Patients were premedicated with 1–2 mg lorazepam orally 1 h before surgery and received 0.1 mg kg⁻¹ morphine intramuscularly before entering the operating room where midazolam was given (0.01–0.05 mg kg⁻¹ intravenously) as needed for patient comfort. Usual monitoring was installed, including a 5-lead electrocardiogram, pulse oximeter, peripheral venous line, radial arterial line, 3-lm catheter, and fast-response thermodilution pulmonary artery catheter. Anesthesia was induced with 1 μg kg⁻¹ sufentanil and 0.04 mg kg⁻¹ midazolam, and muscle relaxation achieved with 0.1 mg kg⁻¹ pancuronium. After tracheal intubation, anesthesia was maintained with 1 μg kg⁻¹ h⁻¹ sufentanil and 0.04 mg kg⁻¹ h⁻¹ midazolam. Intravenous fluids (0.9% normal saline) were administered (7 cc kg⁻¹ h⁻¹) during surgery and titrated according to blood pressure and central venous pressure. A transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) omniplane probe was inserted. Institution of CPB was performed using ascending aortic cannulation and bi-caval or double stage cannulation of the right atrium. Intermittent (4:1) blood cardioplegia was administered during CPB; induction and temperatures ranged from 15 to 29 °C. For coronary revascularizations, systemic temperature was allowed to drift to 34 °C, valvular surgeries and complex procedures to 32–34 °C. Weaning from CPB was undertaken after rewarming to a systemic temperature > 36 °C.

Nguyen A.Q., Denault A.Y., Théoret Y, & Varin F. (2023). Inhaled milrinone in cardiac surgical patients: pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic exploration. Scientific Reports, 13, 3557.

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Publication 2023

Anesthesia Arterial Lines Ascending Aorta Atrium, Right BLOOD Blood Pressure Cannulation Catheters Echocardiography, Transesophageal Electrocardiography Heart Heart Arrest, Induced Intubation, Intratracheal Lorazepam Midazolam Morphine Normal Saline Operative Surgical Procedures Pancuronium Patients Pulmonary Artery Pulse Rate Relaxations, Muscle Sufentanil Thermodilution Veins Venae Cavae Venous Pressure, Central

Hemodynamic Analysis of Pulmonary Hypertension

This study uses clinically de-identified RHC data from nine patients with confirmed PH: five with PAH and four with CTEPH. Three CTEPH and three PAH datasets are from Duke University, and one CTEPH and two PAH datasets are from the Scottish Pulmonary Vascular Unit. Static data include height (cm), weight (kg), sex (male (m) or female (f)), age (years), heart rate (bpm), and systolic, diastolic and mean systemic blood pressure (mmHg) measured by a blood pressure cuff. The patients underwent RHC, where a catheter is advanced from the right atrium, to the right ventricle, and to the main pulmonary artery. Dynamic pressure waveforms are recorded in each compartment. The pulmonary arterial wedge pressure (PAWP, mmHg), an estimate of left atrial pressure, is also recorded. CO (l min⁻¹) is measured during the RHC by thermodilution. All pressure readings are obtained over 7–8 heartbeats. Demographics are provided in table 1.

Table 1.

Patient demographics; group 1: pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH); group 4: chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH).

patient	PH	age (years)	sex	height (cm)	weight (kg)	CO (l min⁻¹)
1	1	64	male	164.0	72.6	4.0
2	4	58	male	161.0	70.0	4.3
3	1	27	female	151.0	81.1	2.6
4	4	71	female	167.6	93.3	6.1
5	4	51	male	179.1	117.2	3.6
6	1	—	male	178.0	108.0	6.4
7	1	—	male	179.0	74.0	6.3
8	1	—	female	183.0	82.0	5.6
9	4	—	female	154.9	67.4	4.0

CO, cardiac output; PH, pulmonary hypertension. For patients 6–9, age was not included in the medical records.

Colunga A.L., Colebank M.J, & Olufsen M.S. (2023). Parameter inference in a computational model of haemodynamics in pulmonary hypertension. Journal of the Royal Society Interface, 20(200), 20220735.

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Publication 2023

Atrium, Right Blood Pressure Blood Vessel Cardiac Output Catheters Diastole Idiopathic Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Lung Males Patients Pressure Pulmonary Artery Pulmonary Hypertension Pulmonary Wedge Pressure Pulse Rate Rate, Heart Systole Thermodilution Ventricles, Right Woman

Coronary Angiography and Physiological Measurements

Diagnostic coronary angiography was performed using standard techniques. All angiograms were analyzed at a core laboratory (Samsung Medical Center) in a blinded manner using validated software (Centricity CA 1000; GE, Waukesha, WI). Significant coronary stenosis in coronary angiography was defined by ≥50% diameter stenosis in visual assessment. The atherosclerotic burden in epicardial coronary arteries was assessed by the SYNTAX (Synergy Between PCI [Percutaneous Coronary Intervention] With Taxus and Cardiac Surgery) score.
All coronary physiologic measurements were performed after diagnostic angiography, as previously described.⁹ Standardized measurement protocols for resting coronary distal pressure (Pd) to aortic pressure (Pa), FFR, CFR, and IMR were adopted before the beginning of the study. In brief, the pressure sensor was positioned at the distal segment of a target vessel, and intracoronary nitrate (100–200 μg) was administered before each physiologic measurement. Three injections of 4 mL room temperature saline were performed to obtain resting mean transit time (Tmn) by using a thermodilution curve. Hyperemia was induced by intravenous infusion of adenosine (140 μg/kg per min) or intracoronary bolus injection of nicorandil (2 mg). Hyperemic Pa, Pd, and hyperemic Tmn were measured during sustained hyperemia after the pressure curve reached a nadir point. The hyperemic period was recognized by a decreased Pd/Pa pattern and a left shift in the Tmn. After measurements were complete, the guide wire was pulled back to the guide catheter, and the presence of a pressure drift was checked. With a drift larger than >0.03 FFR unit, reequalizations and repeated measurements were recommended. Resting Pd/Pa was calculated as the ratio of mean Pd/mean Pa. CFR was calculated as resting Tmn/hyperemic Tmn. FFR was calculated as the lowest average of 3 consecutive beats during hyperemia. IMR was calculated by Pd×Tmn during hyperemia and expressed as U. All coronary physiologic data were collected and validated at a core laboratory (Samsung Medical Center) in a blinded manner.

Hong D., Lee S.H., Shin D., Choi K.H., Kim H.K., Ha S.J., Joh H.S., Park T.K., Yang J.H., Song Y.B., Hahn J., Choi S., Gwon H, & Lee J.M. (2023). Prognostic Impact of Cardiac Diastolic Function and Coronary Microvascular Function on Cardiovascular Death. Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease, 12(3), e027690.

Publication 2023

Adenosine Angiography Aortic Pressure Artery, Coronary Blood Vessel Catheters Coronary Angiography Coronary Stenosis Diagnosis Heart Hyperemia Intravenous Infusion Nicorandil Nitrates Percutaneous Coronary Intervention physiology Pressure Saline Solution Stenosis Surgical Procedure, Cardiac Taxus Thermodilution

Invasive Hemodynamic Monitoring in Anesthetized Dogs

The anesthetized dogs were positioned in right-lateral recumbency. A 4-Fr saline-filled catheter was inserted into the left carotid artery to measure systemic arterial pressure (SAP) using a transducer (Edwards Lifesciences, Irvine, CA, USA) and a biological information monitor (BP-608 Evolution, Omron Healthcare, Kyoto, Japan). A saline-filled Swan–Ganz catheter (5-Fr thermodilution catheter 132F5, Edwards Lifesciences) was inserted through the left jugular vein and advanced into the main PA. The Swan–Ganz catheter was connected to a PowerLab system (AD Instruments), and PAP, central venous pressure (CVP), PAWP, and cardiac output (CO) were measured. The CO was calculated using a thermodilution method based on previous reports [19 (link),20 (link)]. The average of the three measurements is presented as the result.
The PVR and systemic vascular resistance (SVR) indices were calculated using the following formulas [21 (link),22 (link)]:

Body surface area (BSA; m^{2}) = \frac{10.1 \times body weight {(g)}^{\frac{2}{3}}}{10^{4}}

PVR index (dynes \cdot s \cdot {cm}^{- 5} \cdot m^{2}) = \frac{(mean PAP - mean PAWP)}{CO} \times 80 \times BSA

SVR index (dynes \cdot s \cdot {cm}^{- 5} \cdot m^{2}) = \frac{(mean SAP - mean CVP)}{CO} \times 80 \times BSA

Kameshima S., Nakamura Y., Uehara K., Kodama T., Yamawaki H., Nishi K., Okano S., Niijima R., Kimura Y, & Itoh N. (2023). Effects of a Soluble Guanylate Cyclase Stimulator Riociguat on Contractility of Isolated Pulmonary Artery and Hemodynamics of U46619-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension in Dogs. Veterinary Sciences, 10(2), 159.

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Publication 2023

Biological Evolution Biopharmaceuticals Body Surface Area Body Weight Canis familiaris Cardiac Output Catheters Common Carotid Artery Diet, Formula Jugular Vein Pulmonary Wedge Pressure Saline Solution Thermodilution Total Peripheral Resistance Transducers Veins Venous Pressure, Central

Top products related to «Thermodilution»

Swan ganz catheter by Edwards Lifesciences

Sourced in United States

The Swan-Ganz catheter is a medical device used to measure various hemodynamic parameters, such as cardiac output, pulmonary artery pressure, and central venous pressure. It is a long, thin, flexible tube that is inserted into a vein and advanced into the pulmonary artery, allowing for the monitoring of cardiovascular function.

Swan ganz catheter by Baxter

Sourced in United States

The Swan Ganz catheter is a medical device used to measure hemodynamic parameters, such as cardiac output, pulmonary artery pressure, and central venous pressure. It is a long, flexible catheter that is inserted into a vein and threaded through the right side of the heart and into the pulmonary artery.

Cathcorlx by Siemens

Sourced in Germany

CathCorLX is a lab equipment product from Siemens. It is designed for performing cardiac catheterization procedures. The device provides real-time imaging to support medical professionals during these procedures, but a detailed description of its core function is not available while maintaining an unbiased and factual approach.

Vigilance 2 by Edwards Lifesciences

Sourced in United States, Japan

The Vigilance II is a continuous cardiac output and mixed venous oxygen saturation monitoring system. It provides healthcare professionals with real-time data on a patient's hemodynamic status.

7f swan ganz catheter by Baxter

Sourced in Germany

The 7F Swan-Ganz catheter is a medical device used for hemodynamic monitoring. It is designed to measure various cardiovascular parameters, such as cardiac output, pulmonary artery pressure, and central venous pressure, to assist healthcare professionals in evaluating a patient's cardiovascular function.

Powerlab by ADInstruments

Sourced in Australia, United States, United Kingdom, New Zealand, Germany, Japan, Spain, Italy, China

PowerLab is a data acquisition system designed for recording and analyzing physiological signals. It provides a platform for connecting various sensors and transducers to a computer, allowing researchers and clinicians to capture and analyze biological data.

7f swan ganz catheter by Edwards Lifesciences

Sourced in United States, Austria

The 7F Swan-Ganz catheter is a medical device used to measure central venous pressure, pulmonary artery pressure, and cardiac output. It is a thin, flexible tube that is inserted into a vein and advanced into the pulmonary artery to obtain these measurements.

Intellivue mp70 by Philips

Sourced in United States, Netherlands, Germany

The IntelliVue MP70 is a versatile patient monitoring system designed for healthcare settings. It provides continuous monitoring of vital signs, including ECG, respiration, and blood pressure. The IntelliVue MP70 is intended to assist healthcare professionals in the assessment and management of patients.

Swan ganz thermodilution catheter by Edwards Lifesciences

Sourced in United States

The Swan-Ganz thermodilution catheter is a medical device used to measure cardiac output and other hemodynamic parameters. It is a thin, flexible tube that is inserted into a vein and threaded through the heart to the pulmonary artery. The catheter contains a thermistor that measures changes in blood temperature, which are used to calculate cardiac output.

Balloon tipped 7.5 fr thermodilution catheter by BD

Sourced in United States

The Balloon-tipped 7.5-Fr thermodilution catheter is a medical device used for the measurement of cardiac output. It has a balloon at the tip that can be inflated to facilitate placement and measurement.

What is Thermodilution and how does it work?

Thermodilution is a minimally invasive technique used to measure cardiac output and other hemodynamic parameters. It involves injecting a cold saline solution into the bloodstream and tracking its temperature change over time to calculate cardiac output. This method provides a reliable and accurate assessment of cardiovascular function, making it a valuable tool in critical care and perioperative settings.

What are some common applications of Thermodilution?

Thermodilution is widely used in critical care and perioperative settings to assess cardiovascular function. It is particularly useful for monitoring patients with cardiac or pulmonary conditions, as well as during surgical procedures where hemodynamic stability is crucial. The technique can provide insights into cardiac output, preload, afterload, and other important parameters to guide treatment and optimize patient outcomes.

What are the different types or variations of Thermodilution?

There are a few different variations of Thermodilution, including pulmonary artery catheter-based thermodilution and transpulmonary thermodilution. Pulmonary artery catheter-based thermodilution involves injecting the cold saline directly into the pulmonary artery, while transpulmonary thermodilution uses a central venous catheter to inject the saline and measures the temperature changes in the aorta. Each approach has its own advantages and considerations in terms of invasiveness, accuracy, and specific applications.

What are some common challenges or limitations with Thermodilution?

One potential challenge with Thermodilution is ensuring accurate and reproducible measurements. Factors like injection speed, volume, and temperature of the saline can impact the results. Additionally, patient-specific factors like cardiac rhythms and pulmonary function can also influence the measurements. Careful attention to procedural details and patient-specific considerations is important to obtain reliable data.

How can PubCompare.ai help optimize Thermodilution protocols?

PubCompare.ai allows researchers to more efficiently screen the literature on Thermodilution protocols and leverage AI to pinpoint critical insights. The platform's AI-driven analysis can help identify the most effective protocols related to Thermodilution for your specific research goals. By highlighting key differences in protocol effectiveness, PubCompare.ai can enable you to choose the best option for reproducibility and accuacy, enhancing the reliability of your Thermodilution measurements.

More about "Thermodilution"

Thermodilution is a minimally invasive technique used to measure cardiac output and other important hemodynamic parameters.
It involves injecting a cold saline solution into the bloodstream and tracking its temperature change over time to calculate cardiac output.
This method provides a reliable and accurate assessment of cardiovascular function, making it a valuable tool in critical care and perioperative settings.
Researchers can optimize thermodilution protocols using AI-driven comparisons of published literature, preprints, and patents to enhance reproducibility and accuracy.
This process is facilitated by tools like PubCompare.ai, which leverage intelligent algorithms to locate the best protocols from a vast corpus of research.
Thermodilution is closely related to the Swan-Ganz catheter, a balloon-tipped catheter used to measure pulmonary artery pressure and cardiac output.
The 7F Swan-Ganz catheter and Vigilance II monitoring system are commonly used in conjunction with thermodilution techniques.
Other relevant terms include CathCorLX, PowerLab, and IntelliVue MP70, which are all devices and systems that enable precise hemodynamic measurements.
By optimizing thermodilution protocols through AI-driven research, clinicians and researchers can enhance the reproducibility and accuraccy of their cardiovascular assessments, leading to improved patient outcomes in critical care and perioperative settings.