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Chemotherapy, Adjuvant

Chemotherapy, Adjuvant is a form of cancer treatment that is given in addition to the primary treatment, such as surgery or radiation therapy.
It aims to destroy any remaining cancer cells and reduce the risk of the cancer returning.
This type of chemotherapy is often used for solid tumors, such as breast, colon, and lung cancer.
It may be administered before or after the primary treatment, depending on the specific case.
Chemotherapy, Adjuvant can be an important component of a comprehensive cancer treatment plan, helping to improve patient outcomes and survival rates.
However, it is important to carefully consider the potential risks and benefits of this approach, as well as to work closely with a healthcare provider to determine the most appropriate course of treatment.

Most cited protocols related to «Chemotherapy, Adjuvant»

1
Comprehensive Colorectal Cancer Cohort Analysis
Cited 55 times
To perform this analysis, we aggregated data from multiple public cohorts and collaborated with different academic groups to have access to private data from prospective series and one clinical trial (Alliance CALGB9581). This project was approved by the Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology Ethics Committee. Patients signed informed consent for exploratory biomarker research on samples prospectively collected in accordance with the guidelines of Institutional Review Boards from each organization/clinical trial. Table 1 summarizes the final study population that included 2636 patients diagnosed with stage II/III CRC, untreated (N = 1656) or treated (N = 980) with adjuvant chemotherapy, with clinicopathological and molecular annotation for variables of interest. Transcriptomic data were normalized following standard bioinformatics procedures for CMSclassifier and MCPcounter application independently in each cohort (see supplementary Table S1, available at Annals of Oncology online for details on gene expression platform and tissue source). We obtained CMS1, CMS2, CMS3 and CMS4 Random Forest posterior probabilities as a continuous value (each ranging from 0–1) and final CMS labels using CMSclassifer R-package [13 (link)]. Likewise, the abundance of immune- and nonimmune-stromal cell populations was estimated from gene expression data using MCPcounter R-package [18 (link)]. Given the fact that MCPcounter scores are affected by gene expression platform and tissue source, microenvironment cell infiltration scores were scaled (from 0 to 1) first within three subgroups [Affymetrix in fresh frozen samples; Agilent in fresh frozen samples; and Almac-Affymetrix in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples] and then rescaled after data aggregation to facilitate cross-study comparisons. Multiple imputation of random missing values was carried out via the mice R package in the aggregated cohort (supplementary Table S2, available at Annals of Oncology online).
Dienstmann R., Villacampa G., Sveen A., Mason M.J., Niedzwiecki D., Nesbakken A., Moreno V., Warren R.S., Lothe R.A, & Guinney J. (2019). Relative contribution of clinicopathological variables, genomic markers, transcriptomic subtyping and microenvironment features for outcome prediction in stage II/III colorectal cancer. Annals of Oncology, 30(10), 1622-1629.
Publication 2019
Biological Markers Cells Chemotherapy, Adjuvant Ethics Committees Ethics Committees, Research Formalin Freezing Gene Expression Gene Expression Profiling Mus Neoplasms Paraffin Embedding Patients Population Group Stromal Cells Tissues
2
Breast Cancer Cohort from Karolinska Hospital
Cited 46 times
We included all breast cancer patients that were operated on at the Karolinska Hospital from 1 January 1994 to 31 December 1996 (n = 524), identified from the population-based Stockholm–Gotland breast cancer registry established in 1976. Available tumor material was frozen on dry ice or in liquid nitrogen and was stored in -70°C freezers. Figure 1 shows the details of various exclusions leading to the final 159 patients for analysis. The ethical committee at the Karolinska Hospital approved this microarray expression project.
The different reasons for exclusion were not influenced by age at diagnosis (Table 1). The 231 tumors that were not analyzed using expression profiling had a lower mean diameter, had fewer mean affected lymph nodes, and had fewer individuals with recurrent disease at the end of the study period (Table 1). For those excluded for other reasons, there did not seem to be a selection based on age or stage of the disease, compared with those patients included in the study (Table 1).
The Stockholm–Gotland Breast Cancer Registry, supplemented with patient records, were examined for information on the tumor size, the number of retrieved and metastatic axillary lymph nodes, the hormonal receptor status, distant metastases, the site and date of relapse, initial therapy, therapy for possible recurrences, the date and cause of death. Tumor sections from the primary tumors from patients with array profiles were classified using Elston–Ellis grading [18 (link)] by a blinded pathologist (HN).
In the adjuvant setting tamoxifen and/or goserelin is normally used for hormonal treatment, but mostly intravenous cyclophosphamide, methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil (CMF) on days 1 and 8 was used as adjuvant chemotherapy, except in high-risk patients who were offered inclusion in the Scandinavian Breast Group 9401 study [19 (link)]. After primary therapy, patients were recommended to have regular clinical examinations and yearly mammograms, in addition to laboratory and X-ray tests guided by clinical signs and symptoms. Patients were normally followed for 5 years. Patients followed up outside the Karolinska Hospital were tracked using a unique personal identification number. There was no loss to follow-up.
The relapse site, date of relapse, relapse therapy and date of death were ascertained in May 2002. The average follow-up was 6.1 years. Cause of death was coded as death due to breast cancer (including those with distant metastases but dying from other causes), death due to other malignancies and death due to nonmalignant disorders. Through the population-based Swedish Cancer Registry, second primary malignancies were identified.
Pawitan Y., Bjöhle J., Amler L., Borg A.L., Egyhazi S., Hall P., Han X., Holmberg L., Huang F., Klaar S., Liu E.T., Miller L., Nordgren H., Ploner A., Sandelin K., Shaw P.M., Smeds J., Skoog L., Wedrén S, & Bergh J. (2005). Gene expression profiling spares early breast cancer patients from adjuvant therapy: derived and validated in two population-based cohorts. Breast Cancer Research, 7(6), R953-R964.
Publication 2005
Axilla Breast Chemotherapy, Adjuvant Cyclophosphamide Diagnosis Dry Ice Fluorouracil Freezing Goserelin Malignant Neoplasm of Breast Malignant Neoplasms Mammography Methotrexate Microarray Analysis Neoplasm Metastasis Neoplasms Nitrogen Nodes, Lymph Pathologists Patients Pharmaceutical Adjuvants Physical Examination Precancerous Conditions Radiography Recurrence Relapse Scandinavians Second Primary Cancers Tamoxifen Therapeutics
3
SEER Database Analysis of Colorectal Cancer
Cited 39 times

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Publication 2013
Chemotherapy, Adjuvant Malignant Neoplasms Neoplasms Neoplasms by Site Operative Surgical Procedures Patients
4
Comprehensive CRC Cohort for Molecular Profiling
Cited 37 times
Fresh-frozen tumor specimens from 293 consecutive CRC patients were retrieved from the tissue banks of the Royal Melbourne Hospital, Western Hospital and Peter MacCallum Cancer Center in Australia, and the H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center in the United States; individuals who had received preoperative chemo- and/or radiotherapy or for whom tumor-derived total RNA was inadequate for microarray analysis (RIN < 6) were excluded. All patients gave informed consent, and this study was approved by the medical ethics committees of all sites. Patient median age at diagnosis was 67 years (range 26 to 92 years). All specimens were derived from primary carcinomas and were snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen immediately after surgery for storage at −80°C. Cases comprised 44 stage A, 95 stage B, 93 stage C and 61 stage D cancers; 252 were localized to the colon and 40 to the rectum, with one case missing this information. 22 of 94 patients who had stage B disease and 64 of 91 patients who had stage C disease had received standard adjuvant chemotherapy (either single agent 5-fluouracil/capecitabine or 5-fluouracil and oxaliplatin) or postoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy (50.4 Gy in 28 fractions with concurrent 5-fluorouracil) according to hospital protocols. All patients were assessed annually. For stage B and C patients, follow-up and additional clinical data including patient gender and TNM staging were collected by Biogrid Australia 1 for Australian patients and the Moffitt Cancer Center Tumor Registry for US patients. The median duration of follow-up was 47.8 months (range 0.9 to 118.6 months) for the 140 patients without recurrence, and 19.1 months (range 1.6 to 93.7 months) for the 48 patients with local or distant recurrence. The median follow-up for all 188 patients was 37.2 months (range 0.9 to 118.6 months).
Total RNA was extracted using Trizol reagent (Invitrogen) from CRC samples containing >60% tumor cells. All samples included showed good integrity of 18S and 28S ribosomal bands (RIN > 6) using a 2100 Bioanalyzer (Agilent Technologies). Total RNA was labeled and hybridized to HG-U133Plus2.0 GeneChip arrays (Affymetrix) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The microarray data on a subset of 174 tumors have been published previously (NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus, GSE5206 and GSE13067).
In addition, published gene expression data were retrieved for 42 stage A CRCs, 83 stage B, 73 stage C and 62 stage D CRCs analyzed as part of the Expression Project for Oncology (expO) 2 using HG-U133Plus2.0 GeneChip arrays (Affymetrix) (Supplementary Table S1). Of the 62 stage D CRCs, 32 were primary cancer and 30 were metastectomy specimens. None of the primary cancer patients had received preoperative therapy, but 17 metastectomy specimens were from patients who had received adjuvant chemotherapy treatment prior to resection. Data processing and analysis were performed using the statistical software package R (15 ) and appropriate Bioconductor packages (16 (link)).
Jorissen R.N., Gibbs P., Christie M., Prakash S., Lipton L., Desai J., Kerr D., Aaltonen L.A., Arango D., Kruhøffer M., Ørntoft T.F., Andersen C.L., Gruidl M., Kamath V.P., Eschrich S., Yeatman T.J, & Sieber O.M. (2009). Metastasis-associated gene expression changes predict poor outcomes in patients with Dukes’ stage B and C colorectal cancer. Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, 15(24), 7642-7651.
Publication 2009
Calcibiotic Root Canal Sealer Capecitabine Carcinoma Cells Chemotherapy, Adjuvant Colon Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy Diagnosis Ethics Committees Fluorouracil Freezing Gender Gene Chips Gene Expression Malignant Neoplasms Microarray Analysis Neoadjuvant Therapy Neoplasms Nitrogen Operative Surgical Procedures Oxaliplatin Patients Pharmaceutical Adjuvants Pharmacotherapy Radiotherapy Rectum Recurrence Ribosomes RNA, Neoplasm trizol
5
Breast Cancer Tissue Sampling Study
Cited 26 times
Fresh frozen breast cancer tissue from every third patient diagnosed and treated between 1991 and 2004 at the Koo Foundation Sun-Yat-Sen Cancer Center (KFSYSCC) were randomly selected for the study. Patients with follow-up periods shorter than three years were excluded, with the exception of those who died of the disease within three years of the initial treatment. In cases of ineligibility, the following sample was selected. The selected tissue samples spanned the major transition periods of adjuvant chemotherapy from CMF (cyclophosphamide, methotrexate and fluorouracil) to CAF (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, fluorouracil) and to taxane-based regimens. Four hundred forty seven samples were obtained, but 135 samples were excluded due to insufficient RNA (n = 1), poor RNA quality (n = 116), or unacceptable microarray quality (n = 18). A total of 312 samples were eligible for the study (Cohort 1). Gene expression profiles of an additional 15 lobular breast carcinoma samples, collected between 1999 and 2004 and previously studied, were also included (Cohort 2). All patients were treated by a multidisciplinary team according to the guidelines consistent with the National Comprehensive Cancer Network [18 ]. Following modified radical mastectomy or breast-conserving surgery plus dissection of axillary nodes, patients received radiotherapy, adjuvant chemotherapy, and/or hormonal therapy, if indicated. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was administered to patients with locally advanced disease. The study was approved by the institutional review board (ID number 20020128A) and ethical approval was obtained from the same board for samples without obtainable informed consent.
Kao K.J., Chang K.M., Hsu H.C, & Huang A.T. (2011). Correlation of microarray-based breast cancer molecular subtypes and clinical outcomes: implications for treatment optimization. BMC Cancer, 11, 143.
Publication 2011
Axilla Breast-Conserving Surgery Carcinoma, Lobular Chemotherapy, Adjuvant Cyclophosphamide Dissection Doxorubicin Ethics Committees, Research Fluorouracil Freezing Malignant Neoplasm of Breast Malignant Neoplasms Methotrexate Microarray Analysis Modified Radical Mastectomy Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Patients Radiotherapy taxane Therapeutics Tissues Treatment Protocols

Most recents protocols related to «Chemotherapy, Adjuvant»

1
Comprehensive CRC Tissue Analysis
A total of 32 couples of fresh tissue specimens (including tumor tissues and adjacent non-cancerous mucosa) were collected from CRC patients who underwent radical surgery at Shanghai General Hospital and Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and for qRT-PCR and western blot. Moreover, a total of 348 pairs of preserved paraffin-embedded human CRC tissues and adjacent non-cancerous mucosa specimens were retrieved from the tumor tissue bank. The group comprised 169 males and 179 females. The number of patients with stage I, II, III, and IV was 60, 155, 109, and 24 cases, respectively. These 348 pair samples were constructed into a tissue microarray to simultaneously detect protein expression in various tissues [37 (link)]. None of the patients underwent preoperative chemotherapy or radiation therapy. 75.9% (264/348) of the patients received postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy. The detailed adjuvant chemotherapy characteristics of these 264 patients were presented in Supplementary Table 1. The four common chemotherapy regimens in our cohort were 5-Fu/LV (12 patients), Capecitabine (29 patients), FOLFOX (141 patients) and CapeOX (76 patients). Pathological diagnoses were confirmed by two pathologists, according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC).
Han Y., Lu S., Song C., Xuan Y., Zhang M, & Cai H. (2023). Dual roles of TRIM3 in colorectal cancer by retaining p53 in the cytoplasm to decrease its nuclear expression. Cell Death Discovery, 9, 85.
Publication 2023
Capecitabine Chemotherapy, Adjuvant Diagnosis Females Homo sapiens Joints Males Malignant Neoplasms Microarray Analysis Mucous Membrane Neoplasms Operative Surgical Procedures Paraffin Embedding Pathologists Patients Pharmacotherapy Proteins Radiotherapy Tissues Treatment Protocols Western Blotting
2
Clinicopathological Analysis of MIBC Patients
Clinicopathological data of patients with resected MIBC receiving chemotherapy were obtained from the SEER database utilizing SEER*Stat 8.3.9 software. The inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) diagnosed with MIBC from 2004 to 2015 as the first only malignancy; (2) histological type: Transitional cell carcinoma; (3) patients treated radical cystectomy and chemotherapy (Whether adjuvant chemotherapy or neoadjuvant chemotherapy). Exclusion criteria: (1) M stage: M1 or Mx; (2) patients receiving radiotherapy; (3) the information of N stage, grade, tumor size, race, marital status and regional nodes examined unknown. Our study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University.
Hu B., Chen R., Chen G., Zheng P, & Fu B. (2023). Prognostic nomogram for estimating survival in patients with resected muscle-invasive bladder cancer receiving chemotherapy. Frontiers in Surgery, 10, 1121184.
Publication 2023
Carcinoma, Transitional Cell Chemotherapy, Adjuvant Division Phase, Cell Ethics Committees, Clinical Malignant Neoplasms Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Neoplasms Patients Pharmacotherapy Radical Cystectomy Radiotherapy
3
Limb-Salvage Surgery for Pediatric Osteosarcoma
This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University and informed consent was obtained from all patients. Inclusion criteria: primary malignant tumor of bone near the knee joint; neoadjuvant chemotherapy is effective; the tumor did not invade the epiphyseal plate; the tumor did not invade important blood vessels and nerves; no infection. Exclusion criteria: pathological fracture; no limb preservation conditions; tumor invading epiphysis. There were 3 male and 2 female patients, the age range was from 8 to 14 years, with an average of 11.6 years. Distal femoral lesions were observed in 2 cases and proximal tibial lesions in 3 cases. All patients underwent X-ray, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and emission computed tomography examination, and a biopsy was performed after the examination. All cases were common osteosarcomas with no distant metastasis. According to the Enneking staging system, all cases were classified as stage IIB. The distance between the epiphyseal plate and the tumor was >1 cm in all cases. The magnetic resonance imaging image San Julian classification[5 (link)] was applied to classify the lesions. Type I lesions are defined as a distance from the edge of the tumor to the epiphyseal plate >2 cm; for Type II the distance from the edge of the tumor to the epiphyseal plate <2 cm or adjacent; for Type III the epiphyseal plate is partially in contact with the tumor or invaded epiphysis. All cases were classified as San Julian I or San Julian II and the epiphysis could be preserved. All the patients were treated with preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy, surgery, and postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy. All lesions were sensitive to preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and no pathological fractures occurred during chemotherapy. The chemotherapy regimen consisted of cisplatin 100 mg/m2, adriamycin 80 mg/m2, methotrexate 12 g/m2, and ifosfamide 12 g/m2.
Dai Z., Sun Y., Maihemuti M, & Jiang R. (2023). Follow-up of biological reconstruction of epiphysis preserving osteosarcoma around the knee in children: A retrospective cohort study. Medicine, 102(10), e33237.
Publication 2023
Adriamycin Biopsy Blood Vessel Bone Cancer Chemotherapy, Adjuvant Cisplatin Epiphyseal Cartilage Epiphyses Ethics Committees, Clinical Femur Ifosfamide Infection Knee Joint Males Methotrexate Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Neoplasm Metastasis Neoplasms Nervousness Operative Surgical Procedures Osteosarcoma Pathological Fracture Patients Pharmacotherapy Radiography Tibia Tomography, Emission-Computed Treatment Protocols Woman X-Ray Computed Tomography
4
Postoperative Rehabilitation Protocol
The patients were provided with guidance for exercises involving muscle contraction and knee flexion and extension. Postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy was started 2 weeks after surgery, and radiographs were performed every 3 months after surgery. When bone healing was visible on the radiographs, weight-bearing exercises were commenced. The presence of a continuous callus on the radiograph with the disappearance of the fracture line at the connecting part indicated complete healing and the patients progressed to full weight-bearing.
Dai Z., Sun Y., Maihemuti M, & Jiang R. (2023). Follow-up of biological reconstruction of epiphysis preserving osteosarcoma around the knee in children: A retrospective cohort study. Medicine, 102(10), e33237.
Publication 2023
Bones Callus Chemotherapy, Adjuvant Fracture, Bone Knee Muscle Contraction Operative Surgical Procedures Patients X-Rays, Diagnostic
5
Clinicopathological and Prognostic Outcomes of AEG
This study was institutionally approved by the Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, and each participant provided written informed consent. A total of 117 patients who underwent curative surgery for AEG, classified as Siewert type I or II, at our institute between 2000 and 2016 were included in this study. We precisely defined Siewert type based on pathological mapping and macroscopic measurements of the distance between the tumour epicentre and the esophagogastric junction. Furthermore, we retrospectively analysed clinicopathological features and prognostic outcomes. Finally, we evaluated the compatibility of our findings with the eighth edition of the AJCC/UICC TNM classification system for AEG [7 , 15 ].
The postoperative follow-up program at our institution comprises a regular physical examination as well as laboratory blood tests and chest X-rays every three or six months. Endoscopy and ultrasonography, or computed tomography, were performed annually for the first five years, if possible. All enrolled patients underwent pathological or macroscopic curative resection (R0). Histological types were classified as differentiated (papillary adenocarcinoma, or moderately or well-differentiated adenocarcinoma) or undifferentiated (poorly differentiated or undifferentiated adenocarcinoma, signet-ring cell carcinoma, or mucinous adenocarcinoma) based on the 15th edition of the Japanese Classification of Gastric Carcinoma [16 ]. Patients with bulky metastatic lymph nodes underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). The regimen of NAC was S-1 and cisplatin according to Japanese gastric cancer guidelines [16 ]. Patients who underwent NAC were 10.2% (12/117) of all patients. Patients with pStage II or high underwent postoperative S-1 adjuvant chemotherapy for one year according to the ACTS-GC (Adjuvant Chemotherapy Trial of TS-1 for Gastric Cancer) study [17 (link)].
Kamiya H., Komatsu S., Nishibeppu K., Ohashi T., Konishi H., Shiozaki A., Kubota T., Fujiwara H., Okamoto K, & Otsuji E. (2023). Evaluating prognostic value and stage migration effects using a positive lymph node ratio in adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction. BMC Cancer, 23, 218.
Publication 2023
Adenocarcinoma Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell Chemotherapy, Adjuvant Cisplatin Dietary Fiber Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal Esophagogastric Junction Gastric Cancer Hematologic Tests Japanese Mucinous Adenocarcinoma Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Neoplasms Nodes, Lymph Operative Surgical Procedures Papillary Adenocarcinoma Patients Pharmaceutical Preparations Physical Examination Radiography, Thoracic SERPINA3 protein, human Treatment Protocols Ultrasonography X-Ray Computed Tomography

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More about "Chemotherapy, Adjuvant"

Chemotherapy, Adjuvant is a vital component of comprehensive cancer treatment plans, often utilized in conjunction with primary therapies like surgery or radiation.
Also known as supplementary or additional chemotherapy, this approach aims to eliminate any remaining cancer cells and reduce the risk of the disease returning, particularly for solid tumors such as breast, colon, and lung cancer.
The timing of Adjuvant Chemotherapy can vary, as it may be administered before or after the primary treatment, depending on the specific case.
This type of chemotherapy can be an important factor in improving patient outcomes and survival rates.
However, it is crucial to carefully weigh the potential risks and benefits with the guidance of a healthcare provider to determine the most appropriate course of action.
Leveraging AI-driven platforms like PubCompare.ai can help optimize chemotherapy protocols by effortlessly locating the best regimens from literature, pre-prints, and patents, enhancing reproducibility and research accuracy.
Adjuvant Chemotherapy may be an integral component of a comprehensive cancer treatment plan, incorporating insights from various statistical software such as SAS version 9.4, HT-12 v3, Prism 8, SNP 6.0, JMP 14, SPSS versions 23 and 25, R version 3.6.1, and more.
By understanding the nuances of Adjuvant Chemotherapy and utilizing innovative tools, clinicians can strive to deliver the most effective and personalized care for their patients.