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Conversion to Open Surgery

Conversion to Open Surgery is a medical procedure where a minimally invasive surgical approach is converted to an open surgical approach during the course of a procedure.
This may occur due to technical difficulties, anatomical limitations, or other intraoperative factors that make the minimally invasive approach impractical or unsafe.
The open surgical approach typically provides better visualization and access to the surgical site, but may result in a larger incision and potentially longer recovery time for the patient.
Researchers can use PubCompare.ai's AI-driven platform to optimize their research protocols and enhance reproducibility for studies related to Conversion to Open Surgery, by locating relevant protocols from literature, pre-prints, and patents, and using AI-driven comparisons to identify the best protocols and products for thier research.

Most cited protocols related to «Conversion to Open Surgery»

1
Robotic vs. Laparoscopic Gastrectomy
From November 2008, RG was introduced in the Ajou University Hospital (Suwon, Korea). After 517 cases of LG were performed, we prospectively collected patients' demographic data (e.g., sex, age, underlying disease), operating data (e.g., operative time, bleeding, anastomosis type), and post-operative data (e.g., pathology, discharge date, morbidity). Five hundreds seventeen cases of LG were done by one surgeon, and all RG also done by same surgeon. Total 382 cases were enrolled in this study and RG cases were 100. The patients who underwent RG were divided into an initial 20 cases and all subsequent cases.
We defined "underlying disease" as "disease that could affect general anesthesia," and "operating time" as "the time from the initial incision to skin closure." We counted blood loss that suction volume minus irrigation volume. A complication was defined as "an event that delays the normal discharge date".
From November 2008 to March 2011, we reviewed gastric cancer patients who underwent minimally invasive surgeries (RG or LG). Patients whose pre-operative staging was 'T1 or 2' and 'N0 or 1' (American Joint Committee on Cancer [AJCC] 6th edition) were indicated for minimally invasive surgery. RG was selected if patients wanted this type of surgery, regardless of its cost. Combine operation which associated with stomach operation case was included (cholecystectomy or splenectomy) but other combine operation cases were excluded. Open conversion cases or palliative surgery cases were excluded, and there was no conversion to open surgery in robot-assisted cases. We reviewed the operative data and early operative outcomes and analyzed these factors retrospectively.
Kang B.H., Xuan Y., Hur H., Ahn C.W., Cho Y.K, & Han S.U. (2012). Comparison of Surgical Outcomes between Robotic and Laparoscopic Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer: The Learning Curve of Robotic Surgery. Journal of Gastric Cancer, 12(3), 156-163.
Publication 2012
Cholecystectomy Conversion to Open Surgery Gastric Cancer General Anesthesia Hemorrhage Joints Malignant Neoplasms Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures Palliative Surgery Patient Discharge Patients Skin Splenectomy Stomach Suction Drainage Surgeons Surgical Anastomoses
2
Laparoscopic Liver Resection Practices in Korea
A questionnaire was collected from the surgeons of the KLLSG in 24 centers. The questionnaire consists of operative procedure, histological diagnosis of liver lesions, causes of conversion to open surgery, and indications for laparoscopic liver resection. The surgeons of 19 centers who responded to questionnaires performed 416 laparoscopic liver resections in Korea from 2001 to 2008.
Park J.S., Han H.S., Hwang D.W., Yoon Y.S., Cho J.Y., Koh Y.S., Kwon C.H., Kim K.S., Kim S.B., Kim Y.H., Kim H.C., Chu C.W., Lee D.S., Kim H.J., Park S.J., Han S.S., Song T.J., Ahn Y.J., Yoo Y.K., Yu H.C., Yoon D.S., Lee M.K., Lee H.K., Min S.K., Jeong C.Y., Hong S.C., Choi I.S, & Hur K.Y. (2012). Current Status of Laparoscopic Liver Resection in Korea. Journal of Korean Medical Science, 27(7), 767-771.
Publication 2012
Conversion to Open Surgery Diagnosis Hepatectomy Laparoscopy Liver Operative Surgical Procedures Surgeons
3
Feasibility of C-Tr-RPD in Pancreatic Cancer
This study aims to show feasibility of C-Tr-RPD. The main study endpoint was therefore a composite index made by conversion to open surgery due to inability to complete triangle dissection or need to use energy devices to do so (i.e., harmonic shears and/or radiofrequency or microwave-powered devices).
Secondary study endpoints were incidence and severity of postoperative complications [18 (link)], post-pancreatectomy hemorrhage (PPH) [19 (link)], delayed gastric emptying (DGE) [20 (link)], and chyle leak [21 (link)]. Postoperative complications ≥ grade III, according to Clavien–Dindo [18 (link)], were considered severe complications. The cumulative burden of postoperative complications was estimated using the comprehensive complication index (CCI) [22 (link)].
The following parameters were also recorded: operative time, pylorus preservation, need and type of vascular resection [23 (link)], length of hospital stay, 90-day hospital readmission, 90-day mortality, 90-day mortality following completion of the learning curve [24 (link)], reoperation, and interventional procedures.
All specimens were analyzed according to the LEEPP protocol [25 (link)], as previously reported in detail [26 (link)]. Seven margins were assessed: anterior surface, posterior surface, vein bed, SMA groove, pancreatic neck, proximal duodenum/stomach, and common bile duct. Margins were defined positive (R1) if tumor cells were detected ≤ 1 mm of any margin.
Additional pathology data included tumor type (i.e., PDAC or malignant IPMN), tumor size, T status, N status, presence of perineural infiltration, number of examined lymph nodes, and number of metastatic lymph nodes.
Kauffmann E.F., Napoli N., Ginesini M., Gianfaldoni C., Asta F., Salamone A., Amorese G., Vistoli F, & Boggi U. (2022). Feasibility of “cold” triangle robotic pancreatoduodenectomy. Surgical Endoscopy, 36(12), 9424-9434.
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Publication 2022
Anophthalmia with pulmonary hypoplasia Biologic Preservation Cells Choledochus Chyle Conversion to Open Surgery Dissection Duodenum Hemorrhage Hospital Readmissions Learning Curve Medical Devices Microwaves Neck Neoplasms Nodes, Lymph Pancreas Pancreatectomy Postoperative Complications Pylorus Second Look Surgery Stomach Veins
4
Retrospective Review of LCBDE Outcomes
A retrospective review of a prospectively collected database of 179 consecutive patients who underwent LCBDE at a single centre between February 2014 and December 2018 was performed. All operations were performed or supervised by the senior surgeon (AI). After review of the medical records, investigation results and operative notes, all patients were assigned into two groups based on whether or not LABEL was utilised. All patients were assessed with pre-operative liver function tests (LFTs) and abdominal imaging. Patients in our institution routinely undergo pre-operative ultrasound and then intra-operative cholangiography (IOC) to identify CBD stone burden and position. In patients with very high bilirubin levels or where there is clinical suspicion of another pathology, such as a biliary malignancy, patients undergo cross-sectional imaging, usually magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP). In our centre, patients with acute cholecystitis and CBD stones routinely undergo LCBDE, with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) being reserved for high-risk surgical patients, patients diagnosed with acute cholangitis and those patients who have had cholecystitis for greater than one week, in line with international guidelines [5 ].
Data collected included pre-operative demographic information, medical co-morbidity, pre-operative investigations, intra-operative findings and post-operative outcomes. Clinical presentation was classified into four groups: dilated CBD, deranged LFTs, jaundice and pancreatitis. Patients with bilirubin more than two times the upper limit of normal were classified as ‘jaundiced’ irrespective of the liver enzymes (alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP)) or diameter of the CBD. Those patients with abnormal liver enzymes but bilirubin within the normal range or less than two times the upper limit of normal were classified as ‘deranged LFTs’ irrespective of CBD diameter, whereas patients with intra- or extra-hepatic duct dilatation on pre-operative imaging and normal bilirubin and liver enzymes were classified as ‘dilated CBD’. Outcomes of this study were stone clearance rates, TC exploration rate, conversion to open surgery, post-operative complications (Clavien-Dindo classification) and length of post-operative hospital stay. Length of post-operative hospital stay was chosen instead of total length of hospital stay because patients with acute cholecystitis, obstructive jaundice or pancreatitis were often admitted under the emergency surgery service and remained inpatients until their operation could be scheduled on to the next dedicated biliary operating list.
Jones T., Al Musawi J., Navaratne L, & Martinez-Isla A. (2019). Holmium laser lithotripsy improves the rate of successful transcystic laparoscopic common bile duct exploration. Langenbeck's Archives of Surgery, 404(8), 985-992.
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Publication 2019
Abdomen Acute Cholecystitis Alkaline Phosphatase Biliary Tract Cancer Bilirubin Calculi Cholangiography Cholangiopancreatography, Magnetic Resonance Cholangitis Cholecystitis Conversion to Open Surgery D-Alanine Transaminase Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography Enzymes Hepatic Duct Inpatient Jaundice, Obstructive Liver Liver Function Tests Metabolic Clearance Rate Pancreatitis Patients Postoperative Complications Surgeons Ultrasonography
5
Retrospective Analysis of Laparoscopic Colorectal Surgery
We retrospectively reviewed the electronic medical records of patients who underwent elective laparoscopic colorectal surgery from January 2019 to April 2019 at a single center. The patients ranged in age from 28 to 82 years. All patients had tumors within the colon or rectum and had undergone laparoscopic colectomy or anterior resection. The exclusion criteria were as follows: preoperative pain therapy, emergent surgery, recurrent colorectal lesions, metastatic colorectal lesions, conversion to open surgery, a lack of follow-up data, need for intensive care unit management after surgery, and inability to express pain severity. This study was approved by our departmental ethics committee (ref: SMC 2019-06-047) and registered with Clinical Research Information Service of the Korea National Institute of Health, ref: KCT0004096, (http://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/index.jsp).
Kwon J.H., Park H.J., Sim W.S., Park J.H., Jung K.H., Oh M.S., Seon H.J, & Lee J.Y. (2019). Evaluation of the Intraoperative Perfusion Index for Correlation with Acute Postoperative Pain in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Colorectal Cancer Surgery. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 8(9), 1299.
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Publication 2019
Colectomy Colonic Neoplasms Conversion to Open Surgery Ethics Committees Laparoscopy Management, Pain Neoadjuvant Therapy Operative Surgical Procedures Pain Patients Rectum Severity, Pain Surgical Procedures, Laparoscopic

Most recents protocols related to «Conversion to Open Surgery»

1
Laparoscopic Right Colectomy Surgical Protocols
The study protocol of this study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital (No. 2022-04-003). The informed consent requirement was waived due to the retrospective manner of the study.
Between January 2015 and December 2019, the study enrolled 119 patients who had undergone LRC for right-sided colonic diseases, including malignancy. Exclusion criteria were as follows: (1) conversion from laparoscopic to open surgery, (2) more than 2 major solid organ surgeries at once, and (3) history of other previous malignancies. After excluding the aforementioned patients, the study included 45 patients who underwent LRC with ICA and 63 patients who underwent ECA.
Kim S., Bae S.U., Jeong W.K., Baek S.K, & Son Y.G. (2023). Effect of intracorporeal anastomosis on postoperative ileus after laparoscopic right colectomy. Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research, 104(3), 156-163.
Publication 2023
Colonic Diseases Conversion to Open Surgery Ethics Committees, Research Laparoscopy Malignant Neoplasms Operative Surgical Procedures Patients
2
Predicting Difficult Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
The study design was retrospective cohort study. The study proposal was approved by The Human Research Ethics Committee of Thammasat University (Medicine). The patients, who presented with symptomatic GS or complications of GS, then underwent LC since January 2017 to December 2021 in service of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary and Transplantation unit in surgery department of Thammasat University Hospital, were considered to be enrolled into this study. The electronic medical record was thoroughly reviewed.
The important information including demographic data, clinical presentation, laboratory results, and radiological findings was collected. The operative time, intraoperative findings, perioperative complications, and conversion to open surgery were reviewed from operative notes. The laparoscopic procedure was carried out through three or four small incisions at umbilical and right upper quadrant areas. The operative time was counted from the opening of the first port-site incision to the closure of the last surgical wounds.
Some cases might be excluded because of the following reasons: (1) patients who underwent LC with other indication such as gallbladder polyp, (2) LC was performed in emergency setting for treatment of acute cholecystitis, and (3) there were any other procedures performed in the same setting of LC such as intraoperative ERCP. By the perioperative information, the patients were categorized into three groups by difficulty grading as given in Table 2.
The univariate analysis was performed using chi-square test for categorical data and Student's t-test for continuous data to define the significant factors affecting on very difficult LC and converted cases. Then multivariate analysis was carried out for both outcomes. Thereafter, the preoperative predictive scores of each patient were calculated using the original Randhawa scoring systems and also the modification of Tongyoo et al. The comparison between scores from both models was performed by many methods such as paired t-test, correlation coefficient, and area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. All of statistical analyses were performed by IBM SPSS® Statistics version 20 and their results were determined to be significant at P < .05.
Tongyoo A., Liwattanakun A., Sriussadaporn E., Limpavitayaporn P, & Mingmalairak C. (2023). The Modification of a Preoperative Scoring System to Predict Difficult Elective Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy. Journal of Laparoendoscopic & Advanced Surgical Techniques. Part A, 33(3), 269-275.
Publication 2023
Acute Cholecystitis Conversion to Open Surgery Emergencies Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography Ethics Committees, Research Gallbladder Homo sapiens Laparoscopy Operative Surgical Procedures Patients Pharmaceutical Preparations Polyps Surgical Wound Transplantation Umbilicus X-Rays, Diagnostic
3
Laparoscopic Colectomy with Autologous Blood Localization
All patients will receive localization and surgery within 1 week after randomization. Endoscopic tattooing with autologous blood and intraoperative colonoscopy will be performed by two experienced endoscopists who has more than thousands of cases colonoscopies and more than 200 cases of endoscopic mucosal resection or endoscopic submucosal dissection.
For patients who will enroll in autologous blood group, the tattooing will be performed at 24–48 hours before the surgery. When the lesion is identified by endoscopy, the patient’s peripheral venous blood will be collected using a 10 ml simple syringe without heparin preparation. Immediately after blood sampling, 2–3 ml of autologous blood will be injected submucosally at the distal side and proximal side of the lesion (about 2 cm below and above the border of the lesion) using a conventional endoscopic needle without submucosal injection of normal saline. The tattooing with autologous blood will consider to be invisible if both distal and proximal spots was not identified. For those receiving autologous blood localization, the case will be applied intraoperative colonoscopy if the autologous blood tattoo will not be identified or inaccurate in the laparoscopic colectomy.
For patients who will enroll in intraoperative colonoscopy group, the patient will be placed in the modified lithotomy position under general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation. The legs will be opened and positioned in padded stirrups to facilitate the insertion and manipulation of the colonoscope during the operation. After routine laparoscopic exploration, CO2-insufflated intraoperative colonoscopy will be performed using a flexible videocolonoscope. Upstream small bowel clamping will be applied before intraoperative colonoscopy. During intraoperative colonoscopy, CO2 pneumoperitoneum will be maintained by the insufflator so that the laparoscope could guide the colonoscope effectively.
After lesion will be identified, a standard laparoscopic colectomy will be performed by two experienced surgeons who has more than 20 years of experience in colorectal surgery with more than 200 cases per year for all enrolled patients. All abdominal operation of laparoscopy will be videotaped. Anastomosis will be performed using the instrumental method. The specimen will be pulled out through a small median incision under the xiphoid (about 3–8 cm).
For those receiving laparoscopic colectomy, the case will be required to be converted to open surgery if one of the following happens: severe or life-threatening intraoperative complications such as intra-abdominal massive haemorrhage, severe organ damage, or other technical or instrumental factors that require a conversion to open surgery.
Zhang K.H., Li J.Z., Zhang H.B., Hu R.H., Cui X.M., Du T., Zheng L., Zhang S., Song C., Xu M.D, & Jiang X.H. (2023). Assessment of Autologous Blood marker localIzation and intraoperative coLonoscopy localIzation in laparoscopic colorecTal cancer surgery (ABILITY): a randomized controlled trial. BMC Cancer, 23, 204.
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Publication 2023
Abdomen Abdominal Cavity BLOOD Colectomy Colonoscopes Colonoscopy Conversion to Open Surgery Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection Endoscopy Exanthema General Anesthesia Hemorrhage Heparin Intestines, Small Intraoperative Complications Intubation, Intratracheal Laparoscopes Laparoscopy Leg Needles Normal Saline Operative Surgical Procedures Patients Pneumoperitoneum Resection, Endoscopic Mucosal Stapes Surgeons Surgical Anastomoses Surgical Blood Losses Surgical Procedures, Laparoscopic Syringes Veins
4
Prospective TAVR Registry in Chinese Patients
Patients with severe AS treated with TAVR at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University were prospectively enrolled into the Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Single-Center Registry in the Chinese Population (TORCH) (NCT02803294). Patients were included from March 2013 to April 2021 if they had NT-proBNP levels recorded before TAVR (baseline), prior to discharge, and within 30 days after TAVR (Supplementary Figure 1). Patients with pure aortic regurgitation, conversion to open heart surgery or incomplete clinical data were excluded. The design, inclusion and exclusion criteria, definitions for clinical variables, and preliminary results of these trial and registry cohorts have been previously reported (12 (link)). The protocols were approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, and all patients provided written informed consents.
Zhou Y., Zhu Q., Hu P., Li H., Lin X., Liu X., Pu Z, & Wang J. (2023). NT-proBNP trajectory after transcatheter aortic valve replacement and its association with 5-year clinical outcomes. Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, 10, 1098764.
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Publication 2023
Amino-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide Aortic Valve Insufficiency Chinese Conversion to Open Surgery Ethics Committees, Clinical Heart Patient Discharge Patients Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
5
Robotic Redo Anti-Reflux Surgery
From September 2005 to September 2020, 11 redo procedures for primary surgery failures were performed out of 317 minimally invasive fundoplication for GERD associated or not with hiatal hernias were performed (Fig. 1). Indications for redo surgery and the most likely mechanisms of failure are listed in Table 1.

The study flowchart according to the STROBE statements. MI minimally invasive, GERD gastroesophageal reflux disease

Demographic data for patients undergoing revision anti-reflux surgery after failure of primary surgery between 2005 and 2020

Primary surgery, n306
Robotic-redo surgery, n (%)11 (3.6)
Sex, n (%)
 Female6 (54.55)
 Male5 (45.45)
Age at reoperation, mean (range)57.6 (43–71) years
Body mass index > 30 kg/m2, (%)4 (36.4)
Previous surgery, n (%)
 Nissen fundoplication11 (100)
Time after primary surgery, mean (range)42 (7–108) months
Mechanism failurea, n
 Stomach herniation5
 Crural/Wrap too tight5
 Telescoping of valve2
 Wrap dehiscence1
 Upside down stomach/recurrent hiatal hernia1
Causes leading to reoperation, n (%)
 Persistent dysphagia6 (54.55)
 Persistent GERD symptoms5 (45.45)

GERD gastroesophageal reflux disease

aEach patient has undergone more than one procedure during the same surgery

Patients with persistent GERD symptoms or persistent dysphagia lasting more than 3 months after primary surgery were evaluated through endoscopy with biopsy, barium swallow, esophageal manometry, and 24-h impedance-pH monitoring [14 (link)]. A chest-abdomen CT scan was performed in selected cases.
We reviewed the operative time, estimated blood loss, associate procedures, conversion to open surgery, intra-operative and post-operative complications according to Clavien–Dindo score [15 (link)], postoperative length of hospital stay.
Follow-up was planned at 30 and 90 days after surgery and once a year. During the COVID-19 pandemic, telemedicine has been used to perform a follow-up and prescribing therapies thanks to communication technologies.
This retrospective study was developed according to the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology [16 (link)] statement for cohort studies (Fig. 1).
An informed consent, for the scientific anonymous use of clinical data, was obtained from all patients. This study was conducted according to the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Institutional Review Board of the University of Molise (protocol number 10/21, approved date: 12 May 2021).
Ceccarelli G., Valeri M., Amato L., De Rosa M., Rondelli F., Cappuccio M., Gambale F.E., Fantozzi M., Sciaudone G., Avella P, & Rocca A. (2023). Robotic revision surgery after failed Nissen anti-reflux surgery: a single center experience and a literature review. Journal of Robotic Surgery.
Publication 2023
Abdomen Barium Biopsy Chest Conversion to Open Surgery COVID 19 Deglutition Disorders Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal Ethics Committees, Research Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Hemorrhage Hiatal Hernia Manometry Nissen Operation Operative Surgical Procedures Patients Postoperative Complications Repeat Surgery Second Look Surgery Stomach Telemedicine X-Ray Computed Tomography

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1
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Spss statistics software version 24 by IBM
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The Latarjet Guiding System is a surgical instrument designed to assist healthcare professionals during procedures. The system provides a guide to facilitate the positioning and placement of surgical implants or devices. The core function of the Latarjet Guiding System is to enhance the precision and accuracy of certain medical interventions.
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The Edwards SAPIEN 3 is a medical device designed for the minimally invasive treatment of aortic valve stenosis. It is a transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) system that is delivered via a catheter to the patient's heart, where it is implanted to replace the diseased aortic valve. The device is made of a stainless steel frame with a bovine pericardial tissue valve.
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More about "Conversion to Open Surgery"

Conversion to open surgery, also known as open conversion or open conversion surgery, is a medical procedure where a minimally invasive surgical approach, such as laparoscopic or endoscopic surgery, is converted to a traditional open surgical approach during the course of the procedure.
This may occur due to technical difficulties, anatomical limitations, or other intraoperative factors that make the minimally invasive approach impractical or unsafe.
The open surgical approach typically provides better visualization and access to the surgical site, but may result in a larger incision and potentially longer recovery time for the patient.
Researchers can utilize tools like PubCompare.ai's AI-driven platform to optimize their research protocols and enhance reproducibility for studies related to conversion to open surgery.
This platform allows researchers to locate relevant protocols from literature, pre-prints, and patents, and use AI-driven comparisons to identify the best protocols and products for their research.
By leveraging data-driven decision making, researchers can unlock the power of PubCompare.ai to improve the quality and efficiency of their studies on open conversion surgery.
In addition to PubCompare.ai, researchers may also find value in utilizing other software tools and technologies, such as CoreValve, SPSS Statistics software version 24, the Latarjet Guiding System, SPSS version 20.0.0 for Windows, SPSS Statistics 24, Edwards SAPIEN 3, CoreValve Evolut R, Edwards Sapien XT, SPSS version 26, and SAS version 9.4.
These tools can provide valuable data analysis, visualization, and decision-support capabilities to support research on conversion to open surgery and related topics.
Overall, the insights gained from MeSH term descriptions and the capabilities of AI-driven platforms like PubCompare.ai can help researchers optimize their research protocols, enhance reproducibility, and ultimately advance the field of open conversion surgery.
By incorporating a holistic approach that leverages both cutting-edge technologies and established software tools, researchers can maximize the impact and quality of their work.