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Electroconvulsive Therapy

Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) is a medical procedure that involves the administration of controlled electric currents to the brain, inducing a seizure.
It is primarily used to treat severe mental health conditions, such as major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and treatment-resistant schizophrenia.
PubCompare.ai's AI-powered platform helps researchers and clinicians locate the latest ECT protocols from literature, preprints, and patents, while using intelligent comparisons to identify the best protocols and products.
This streamlines the research process and optimizes outcomes, enabling advancements in this important field of mental health treatment.

Most cited protocols related to «Electroconvulsive Therapy»

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Publication 2020
Brain Cerebrovascular Accident Congenital Abnormality Cortex, Cerebral Electroconvulsive Therapy Motor Cortex Multiple Sclerosis Muscle Rigidity Neoplasms Neuronavigation Patients Safety Scalp Seizures Therapeutics Tissues Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation, Repetitive

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Publication 2012
Chloride, Lithium Electroconvulsive Therapy Food Foot Helplessness, Learned Hunger Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees Males Mice, House Mice, hr Motivation Retinal Cone Shock T-Lymphocyte
In the present analysis we have focussed on the following clinician-administrated rating scales:
The Hamilton Depression Scale (HAM-D17) in combination with the Melancholia Scale (MES) with a scoring sheet [16 , 17 ] in which a Visual Analogue Scale for Depression Severity (VAS) is placed at the bottom as a horizontal line from 0 (no depression) to 100 mm (extreme depression). The interviewer is asked to score the VAS before completing the HAM-D17 and MES. The LEAD procedure (Longitudinal Expert Assessment of All Data) was thus used to make the global severity assessment of depressive states taking into account all available data over the past three days.
As discussed elsewhere [17 ] the horizontal version (yard stick-line) with descriptive cues at each end and 100 mm in between is generally preferred.
The LEAD principle was used to clinically validate the HAM-D17 [13 ] which resulted in that six of the Hamilton items (depressed mood, guilt feelings, work and interests, psychomotor retardation, psychic anxiety, and general somatics (fatigability)), HAM-D6, were found to be most valid when associated with experienced psychiatrists’ global assessment of depression severity. The Bech-Rafaelsen Melancholia Scale (MES) was developed to capture the six HAM-D6 core items with reference to the Cronholm-Ottosson Depression Scale [21 ]. For a review of the MES, see [22 ].
The three depression symptom rating scales (HAM-D17, HAM-D6, MES) were rated on a weekly basis by KM and ML, as was the VAS, using the time frame of the past three days for the VAS as well. The MDI was also completed each week by the patients. The clinicians (KM, ML) had no access to the MDI scorings. The inter-rater reliability of KM and ML as Danish University Antidepressant Group (DUAG) raters has been found acceptable with intraclass coefficients of 0.89 (HAM-D6), 0.93 (HAM-D17) and 0.91 (MES) [Martiny et al.: Relapse prevention in major depressive disorder: A four-arm randomised 6-month double-blind comparison of three fixed dosages of escitalopram and a fixed dose of nortriptyline in patients successfully treated with acute electroconvulsive treatment (DUAG-7) – Submitted 2015].
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Publication 2015
Antidepressive Agents Anxiety Depressive Symptoms Diploid Cell Electroconvulsive Therapy Escitalopram Feelings Guilt Interviewers Major Depressive Disorder Melancholia Mood Nortriptyline Patients Psychiatrist Reading Frames Relapse Prevention Visual Analog Pain Scale
The startle reflex (Davis, 1989 ) provides an attractive, non-invasive methodology for examining the effects of drugs on affective response in animals and humans. The startle response to an abrupt, intense stimulus (e.g., loud noise) increases above baseline when elicited in the presence of a cue that has been paired contingently with an aversive unconditioned stimulus (e.g., electric shock: Curtin et al., 2001 (link); Grillon et al., 1991 (link); Grillon & Davis, 1997 (link)). This effect is referred to as fear-potentiated startle and substantial research with animals has confirmed that projections from the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) to the primary startle circuit are responsible for this startle potentiation (see Davis, 1992 , for a review).
More recently, research has identified other manipulations that also potentiate the startle reflex in animals and humans. For example, corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF; a stress hormone) has been observed to potentiate startle when administered to rats (Swerdlow et al., 1986 (link); Liang et al., 1992 (link)). Walker and Davis (1997a) (link) demonstrated that exposure to bright light increases startle above baseline in rats, a nocturnal species. Similarly, in humans, exposure to darkness (Grillon, et al., 1997b (link); Grillon et al., 2007b (link)) and unpredictable electric shock (Grillon et al., 2004 (link)) also increase startle response magnitude.
There are important differences in the nature of the response produced by CRF, non-contingent (unpredictable) shocks, and light/darkness manipulations vs. cue-contingent (predictable) electric shock administration. Specifically, cue contingent administration of electric shock produces phasic fear-potentiated startle only during the punctate cues that predict imminent shock administration. In contrast, CRF, unpredictable shock, and light/darkness manipulations produce more sustained potentiation of the startle reflex. Moreover, Davis and colleagues have demonstrated elegant double dissociations in the neural substrates underlying startle potentiation across these two classes of manipulations in animals (Walker & Davis, 1997b (link), 2008 (link); Walker et al., 2003 (link)). Specifically, lesions of the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) abolished fear-potentiated startle to predictable shocks but not potentiation of startle to CRF and bright light exposure. In contrast, lesions of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) abolished startle potentiation to CRF and bright light exposure but not fear-potentiated startle to cues predicting shock. Similar involvement of the BNST has been confirmed during unpredictable shock administration (Walker & Davis, 2008 (link)).
Given the nature of the eliciting stimuli and the time course of the response across these two categories of manipulations, researchers have offered these manipulations as laboratory models of fear vs. anxiety (Davis, 2006 (link); Grillon, et al., 2006 (link)). Specifically, contingent cue-electric shock pairings involve simple, punctate stimuli that are highly predictive of imminent aversive stimulation (electric shock administration in the next few seconds). The phasic fear-potentiation of startle selectively during these cues in response to this manipulation is proposed to model the fear response. In contrast, non-contingent (unpredictable) shock, light/darkness, and CRF involve more complex, diffuse contextual cues that are more static, or of longer duration, and provide little information about when aversive stimulation will occur. The sustained potentiation of startle response in these manipulations is proposed to model anxiety.
Publication 2009
Animals Anxiety Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Darkness Electricity Electroconvulsive Therapy Fear Homo sapiens Hormones Light Neoplasm Metastasis Nervousness Nucleus, Central Amygdaloid Nucleus of Stria Terminalis Rattus Reflex, Startle Shock Walkers
Eleven consecutive patients with severe, chronic TRD were enrolled in a research protocol at Emory University testing safety and efficacy of SCC DBS for TRD (clinicaltrials.gov NCT00367003). Participants provided written informed consent to participate. The protocol was approved by the Emory University Institutional Review Board and the US Food and Drug Administration under an Investigational Device Exemption (G060028 held by H.S.M.) and is monitored by the Emory University Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Data and Safety Monitoring Board.
The inclusion and exclusion criteria were essentially identical to those previously published by Holtzheimer et al. describing the first seventeen subjects implanted at Emory University (15 (link)). Key inclusion criteria consisted of: 18 to 70 years-old with a diagnosis of major depressive disorder (confirmed with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV and by the study psychiatrists (PRP, SJG, PEH, ALC)); a current depressive episode of at least 12 months without significant response to at least 4 adequate antidepressant treatments (scoring 3 or higher on the Antidepressant Treatment History Form and verified through medical records); lifetime failure or intolerance of electroconvulsive therapy or inability to receive electroconvulsive therapy; average score ≥ 20 on the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS-17) averaged over the four weeks prior to surgery; Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) of 50 or less; capacity to provide informed consent; and being able to relocate to the Atlanta area for 7 months (26 –29 ).
Key exclusion criteria were defined as: clinically significant medical or psychiatric comorbidity (including personality disorders as determined by a review of medical records, the Structured Clinical Interview-II, and clinical examination); active substance use disorder; active suicidal ideation with plan or intent, a suicide attempt within the past 6 months, or more than 2 suicide attempts within the past 2 years; pregnancy or planning to become pregnant during the study; or contraindication for DBS surgery or chronic stimulation.
The preoperative evaluation lasted a minimum of 4 weeks. Chronic stimulation was initiated 4 weeks following surgery. Outcome was assessed weekly for 24 weeks of active stimulation using the HDRS-17. Response to treatment was defined as at least a 50% decrease and remission as 7 points or less on the HDRS-17 at 24 weeks. For any missing timepoint the previous observation was carried forward to the next timepoint. Medication changes were not allowed during the preoperative evaluation phase or the initial 24 weeks of chronic DBS. All patients received cognitive behavioral therapy. Patients were aware that they were receiving active stimulation, but were not privy to the criteria for target identification, contact selection or dose increases. All procedures were carried out at Emory University.
Publication 2017
Antidepressive Agents ARID1A protein, human Barakat syndrome Clinical Trials Data Monitoring Committees Cognitive Therapy Diagnosis Electroconvulsive Therapy Ethics Committees, Research Major Depressive Disorder Medical Devices Operative Surgical Procedures Patients Personality Disorders Pharmaceutical Preparations Physical Examination Pregnancy Psychiatrist Safety Substance Use Disorders Suicide Attempt

Most recents protocols related to «Electroconvulsive Therapy»

The study took place in the second year of a three-year Bachelor of Nursing programme at a Norwegian university. This undergraduate nursing education programme entailed 180 credits in the European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System (ECTS) [34 ]. More specifically, the nursing students got 90 ECTS credits from theoretical courses mainly in the academic setting, minimum 75 ECTS credits from clinical placement in a variety of settings, and maximum 15 ECTS credits from simulation-based education in laboratories [34 ]. The study was conducted in two learning settings: a simulation centre on the university campus and an acute care hospital unit.
In the simulation setting, the students took part in a two-day simulation-based education course comprising six simulation sessions focusing on different deteriorated patient conditions and diagnoses. Nine faculty members were involved as facilitators and operators. Students were divided into groups of six to nine, alternating between the roles of nurse and observer. The simulation environment mirrored a patient room in a hospital unit and Laerdal SimMan 3G™ and ALS™ manikins were used. Each simulation session (90 min) consisted of a prebriefing (15 min), a simulated scenario (15 min), a viewing of the video recording of the simulated scenario (15 min), and a facilitator-led group debriefing (45 min). For the debriefing, the Promoting Excellence and Reflection in Simulation (PEARLS) structured and scripted debriefing [35 (link)] method was used.
After the simulation-based education course, the students attended an eight-week clinical placement course in a medical or surgical hospital unit hosting adult patients with acute, critical, and chronic conditions. Students provided nursing care under the supervision of a registered nurse working in the relevant unit. Nurse educators supervised the students in groups to promote reflection and learning and to evaluate their learning outcomes.
The learning outcomes for both courses entailed the same clinical judgment skills.
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Publication 2023
Adult Chronic Condition Diagnosis Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate Electroconvulsive Therapy Europeans Faculty Faculty, Nursing Managed Care Nursing Care Operative Surgical Procedures Patients Reflex Registered Nurse Student Students, Nursing Supervision
The study was approved by the ethics review committee of Yu Quan Hospital, and written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to the commencement of the study. Patients with MDD were recruited from inpatient departments of Yu Quan Hospital from September 2013 to August 2016. The diagnoses of all patients were established by the Structured Clinical Interview according to the DSM-IVTR (SCID). Exclusion criteria include: 1) age less than 18 or over 60 years; 2) left-handed which is evaluated by Edinburgh handedness inventory; 3) major physical illnesses such as malignant tumor, chronic renal failure, severe heart disease, and severe respiratory disease; 4) other psychiatric disorders and neurological disorders; 5) substance abuse; 6) took medication within the 3-month period prior to the study; and 7) received electroconvulsive therapy. Finally, 40 patients were include in the present study. Twenty-three right-handed healthy controls (HC) were recruited from the local community by advertisements. Age, gender and educational level were matched between MDD groups and HC. The control subjects were screened using the non-patient edition of the SCID to confirm the lifetime absence of a history of psychiatric or neurological disorders and were interviewed to exclude family history of psychiatric illness.
Publication 2023
Diagnosis Electroconvulsive Therapy Gender Heart Diseases Inpatient Kidney Failure, Chronic Malignant Neoplasms Mental Disorders Nervous System Disorder Patients Pharmaceutical Preparations Physical Examination Respiration Disorders SCID Mice Substance Abuse
Participants were aged 18 years or older, with a diagnosis of MDD by DSM-IV criteria and failure to respond to at least one adequate antidepressant treatment. Major exclusion criteria included: current treatment with electroconvulsive therapy; dementia, intellectual disability, or psychosis; current use of illicit drugs; and cardiovascular decompensation. Subjects were on oral antidepressant treatment and did not have to discontinue current medications, which should remain unchanged from 15 days before intervention until the end of the follow-up period.
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Publication 2023
Administration, Oral Antidepressive Agents Cardiovascular System Diagnosis Electroconvulsive Therapy Illicit Drugs Intellectual Disability Pharmaceutical Preparations Presenile Dementia Psychotic Disorders Therapeutics
The LIFT-MOOD study was conducted at St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto. Recruitment began in June 2021, with randomization completed by February 2022. All participants were outpatients screened for study eligibility at the Centre for Depression and Suicide Studies at St. Michael's Hospital. Participants were included if they were between 18 and 65 years of age, had a diagnosis of MDD without psychotic features according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders – Fifth Edition criteria, were in a major depressive episode as confirmed by the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview,26 (link) and had a score of 18 or greater on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD).27 (link) According to the definition of TRD, all participants had to have failed at least 2 trials of antidepressant therapy of an adequate dose and duration during the current depressive episode.28 (link) Data regarding antidepressant history and current medication use were collected using the Antidepressant Treatment History Form.29 Participants were required to maintain their current antidepressant regimen 28 days before the screening visit and during the study. Highly effective or double-barrier contraceptive methods were used for women of childbearing potential.
Participants presenting with comorbidity of neuropsychological disorders (eg, PTSD, dementia) or with a diagnosis of depression secondary to medical illnesses were excluded. Participants were also excluded if they presented with acute suicidality or underwent electroconvulsive therapy within the current depressive episode. The full list of inclusion and exclusion criteria is presented in Supplemental Materials (Table S1). A research coordinator carried out all screening assessments. The Research Ethics Board of St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, approved the study (20-301). The trial is registered at http://clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04727229). All participants provided written informed consent after fully reviewing the study protocol and prior to participating.
Publication 2023
Antidepressive Agents Contraception, Barrier Dementia Diagnosis Electroconvulsive Therapy Eligibility Determination Mental Disorders Mood Outpatients Pharmaceutical Preparations Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Treatment Protocols Woman
Patient data regarding psychosis and VTE were extracted from the hospital medical record system. Psychosis-related information included disease type, the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) and Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), and treatments administered including restraint, artificial hibernation, antipsychotic, antidepressant, and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). VTE-based information included thrombus distribution. We obtained demographic data regarding admission and investigated the approximate incidence of each mental illness and the clinical features of VTE, including VTE distribution in the left and right extremities and venous involvement. Based on the site of thrombosis, patients with VTE were categorized into proximal and distal DVT groups, and we performed intergroup comparison of characteristics and risk factors for mental illnesses. Patients with VTE were further categorized into PE and non-PE groups based on detection of PE. We also performed intergroup comparison of types of mental illnesses and mental disorder scores.
Publication 2023
Antidepressive Agents Antipsychotic Agents Anxiety Electroconvulsive Therapy Hibernation, Artificial Mental Disorders Patients Psychotic Disorders Thrombosis Thrombus Veins

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More about "Electroconvulsive Therapy"

Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) is a well-established medical procedure that involves the administration of controlled electric currents to the brain, inducing a therapeutic seizure.
This innovative treatment is primarily used to manage severe mental health conditions, such as major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and treatment-resistant schizophrenia.
PubCompare.ai's cutting-edge AI-powered platform helps researchers and clinicians locate the latest ECT protocols from a vast array of literature, preprints, and patents.
By utilizing intelligent comparison algorithms, the platform identifies the most effective and efficient ECT protocols and products, streamlining the research process and optimizing patient outcomes.
This advanced technology enables researchers to stay at the forefront of ECT advancements, exploring new methods like the FBS (Fetal Bovine Serum) and Model 7800 ECT units, which may incorporate Penicillin, Streptomycin, GlutaMAX, and Bovine serum albumin or Horse serum to enhance the safety and efficacy of the procedure.
Through the use of SPSS version 22.0 and other advanced statistical tools, researchers can analyze the data collected from these ECT studies, identifying patterns and trends that may lead to the development of improved 'Scrambled shocker' techniques and the next generation of ECT units (e.g., Model 57800).
By harnessing the power of PubCompare.ai, researchers and clinicians can accelerate the pace of innovation in this critical field of mental health treatment, ultimately improving the lives of patients struggling with debilitating conditions.