> Procedures > Therapeutic or Preventive Procedure > Intravenous Infusion

Intravenous Infusion

Q: What are some common challenges with intravenous infusion administration?

Some common challenges with intravenous infusion administration include ensuring proper vein selection, maintaining sterile technique to prevent infections, managing infusion rates to avoid fluid overload, and monitoring for potential complications like thrombosis or extravasation. Proper training and adherence to safety protocols are crucial to overcome these challenges and deliver intravenous infusions effectively.

Q: What are the different types or variations of intravenous infusion?

Intravenous infusions can vary in terms of the type of fluid or medication being delivered, the infusion rate, the duration of the infusion, and the delivery method (e.g., gravity-fed, pump-controlled). Common types include crystalloid solutions, colloid solutions, total parenteral nutrition, and infusions of specific medications like antibiotics, analgesics, or chemotherapeutic agents. The choice of infusion type depends on the patient's clinical needs and the desired therapeutic effect.

Q: How can PubCompare.ai assist with optimizing intravenous infusion protocols?

PubCompare.ai's AI-driven platform can help researchers and clinicians optimize intravenous infusion protocols in several ways. First, it allows you to more efficiently screen the protocol literature to identify the most relevant studies and best practices. Second, the platform's AI analysis can pinpoint critical insights, such as key differences in the effectiveness of various infusion protocols, enabling you to choose the best option for reproducibility and accuracy in your research. By leveraging the power of AI, PubCompare.ai can help you identify the optimal intravenous infusion approach for your specific needs.

Q: What are some common applications of intravenous infusion in healthcare?

Intravenous infusions have a wide range of applications in healthcare, including: 1) Treating dehydration and electrolyte imbalances, 2) Administering critical medications like antibiotics, analgesics, or chemotherapeutic agents, 3) Providing nutritional support through total parenteral nutrition, 4) Delivering fluids and blood products during surgery or trauma, and 5) Supporting the management of various medical conditions, such as heart failure, kidney disease, or sepsis. The versatility of intravenous infusion makes it an essential tool in modern medicine.

Q: How can researchers ensure the reproducibility of intravenous infusion protocols?

Ensureing the reproducibilty of intravenous infusion protocols is critical for research and clinical practice. Key factors to consider include: 1) Carefully documenting all aspects of the infusion procedure, including the type of fluid, rate, duration, and delivery method, 2) Standardizing the technique and equipment used across study sites or trials, 3) Monitoring and reporting any deviations or complications that occur during the infusion, and 4) Conducting rigorous statistical analysis to validate the consistency and effectiveness of the infusion protocol. By addressing these elements, researchers can enhance the reproducibility and reliability of their intravenous infusion studies.

Intravenous infusion is the administration of fluids, medications, or other substances directly into a vein.
This method allows for rapid delivery and absorption of substances into the bloodstream, making it a common and essential practice in healthcare settings.
Intravenous infusions are used to treat dehydration, deliver critical medications, provide nutrition, and support various medical conditions.
The process involves inserting a small catheter into a vein, typically in the arm or hand, and connecting it to a bag or bottle of the infusion solution.
The rate and volume of the infusion can be carefully controlled to meet the patient's specific needs.
Proper technique and monitoring are crucial to ensure the safety and efficacy of intravenous infusions and to prevent potential complications, such as infection, thrombosis, or fluid overload.
Reserach into optimal intravenous infusion protocols is an important area of study to enhance patient outcomes and reproducibilty of results.

Most cited protocols related to «Intravenous Infusion»

Parametric vs. Non-parametric Pharmacokinetic Modeling

Cited 91 times

We used Pmetrics to simulate a dataset that highlights the major strength of the non-parametric modeling approach in comparison to the parametric approach: freedom from constraining assumptions about the underlying probability distribution of model parameter values. This makes the method well suited for detecting unsuspected subpopulations (e.g. fast and slow metabolizers) or outliers. We simulated 50 sets of parameters for a single compartment intravenous infusion pharmacokinetic model with two parameters: elimination (Kel) and volume of distribution (Vd). From each Kel-Vd pair, Pmetrics calculated the concentrations of a theoretical drug sampled at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 18, and 24 hours after the end of a single 500 mg dose infused over 0.5 hours. Random noise was added to each calculated concentration, sampled from a normal distribution with mean equal to 0 and standard deviation equal to 0.10*[concentration], i.e. a 10% coefficient of variation (CV) model. Since most modern analytic assays typically have 10% CV or less, we felt that this was a reasonable model. The “true” distribution for Kel, from which the 50 parameter sets were sampled, however, was a bimodal normal distribution, with equal weights (i.e. 0.5) and means of 0.08 and 0.32 h⁻¹ (half lives of 8.6 and 2.2 hours, respectively), and a standard deviation of 0.032. Vd was a unimodal normal distribution, with mean 100 L and standard deviation 25. Kel and Vd were moderately correlated at −0.2. We also added a final, single outlier to the dataset, simulated from a Kel of 1 and Vd of 200 and then analyzed the entire dataset using both NPAG and IT2B. We have made the code and simulated datasets freely available for download from our website: www.lapk.org/teaching.php.

Neely M., van Guilder M., Yamada W., Schumitzky A, & Jelliffe R. (2012). Accurate detection of outliers and subpopulations with Pmetrics, a non-parametric and parametric pharmacometric modeling and simulation package for R. Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, 34(4), 467-476.

Publication 2012

Biological Assay Feelings Intravenous Infusion Pharmaceutical Preparations Population Group

Evaluating Solanezumab's Impact on Preclinical Alzheimer's

Cited 83 times

The primary objective of the A4 study is to test the hypothesis that solanezumab, administered as a 400-mg intravenous infusion every 4 weeks for 168 weeks, will slow cognitive decline compared with placebo in participants with preclinical AD. This objective will be assessed using a mixed model of repeated measures (MMRM) analysis of change in the ADCS-PACC score. The specific hypothesis of the A4 study is that there will be less of a decrease in the ADCS-PACC score at the end of the treatment period for participants treated with solanezumab than for participants treated with placebo.
Based on a review of the literature for cohort studies in “normal controls” who progressed to mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer dementia, we determined that a composite measure sensitive to change in preclinical AD would likely require assessment of 3 key domains: episodic memory, executive function, and orientation. Previous studies^{19 (link)–21 (link)} have reported evidence that both list learning and paragraph recall (measures of episodic memory) tend to decline 7 to 10 years prior to the diagnosis of MCI or Alzheimer dementia. Recent data from amyloid imaging studies^{25 (link)–29 (link)} have reported a decline in multiple cognitive domains looking retrospectively at cognitive trajectories over 8 to 10 years prior to PET amyloid imaging^{22 (link)–24 (link)} and prospectively over 1- to 3-year longitudinal follow-up.
Based on this review, we propose a composite of 4 measures that are well established as showing sensitivity to decline in prodromal and mild dementia, and with sufficient range to detect early decline in the preclinical stages of the disease. The ADCS-PACC includes:

The Total Recall score from the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test (FCSRT) (0–48 words),^{20 (link),30 (link)}

The Delayed Recall score on the Logical Memory IIa sub-test from the Wechsler Memory Scale (0–25 story units),³¹

The Digit Symbol Substitution Test score from the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale–Revised (0–93 symbols),³² and

The MMSE total score (0–30 points).^{33 (link)}

The composite score is determined from its components using an established normalization method.^{34 (link)} Each of the 4 component change scores is divided by the baseline sample standard deviation of that component, to form standardized z scores. These z scores are summed to form the composite. Thus, a change of 1 baseline standard deviation on each component would correspond to a 4-point change on the composite. In the A4 study, the ADCS-PACC will be administered at baseline and at 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, 144, and 168 weeks, alternating between 3 test versions.

Donohue M.C., Sperling R.A., Salmon D.P., Rentz D.M., Raman R., Thomas R.G., Weiner M, & Aisen P.S. (2014). The Preclinical Alzheimer Cognitive Composite: Measuring Amyloid-Related Decline. JAMA neurology, 71(8), 961-970.

Publication 2014

Alzheimer's Disease APP protein, human Cognition Delayed Memory Diagnosis Disorders, Cognitive Executive Function Fingers Hypersensitivity Intravenous Infusion Memory, Episodic Mental Recall Mini Mental State Examination Placebos Presenile Dementia solanezumab

PiB-PET Imaging of Amyloid Deposition

Cited 63 times

In both cohorts, human brain PET imaging for amyloid deposition was performed using the radiotracer N-methyl-[¹¹C]2-(4-methylaminophenyl)-6-hydroxybenzothiazole (PiB). Preparation of PiB was carried out according to the published protocol [37] . Dynamic PET imaging was conducted with a Siemens 962 HR+ ECAT scanner in three-dimensional mode after intravenous administration of approximately 12mCi of PiB. The images were reconstructed on a 128×128×63 matrix (2.12×2.12×2.43 mm) using filtered back-projection. Typical dynamic scans had 25×5 seconds frames, 9×20 seconds frames, 10×1 minute frames, and 9×5 minutes frames.
For G1, anatomic MRI images were acquired with T1-weighted magnetization-prepared rapid gradient echo (MPRAGE) sequence (1 mm isotropic voxels) variably using a Siemens Trio 3T scanner (N = 72), a Siemens Vision 1.5T (N = 3), or a Siemens Avanto 1.5 T scanner (N = 2). For G2, two MPRAGE scans were acquired during the same MR session for each participant on the Siemens Trio 3T scanner to investigate the impact of FreeSurfer segmentation variability on PET quantification.

Su Y., D'Angelo G.M., Vlassenko A.G., Zhou G., Snyder A.Z., Marcus D.S., Blazey T.M., Christensen J.J., Vora S., Morris J.C., Mintun M.A, & Benzinger T.L. (2013). Quantitative Analysis of PiB-PET with FreeSurfer ROIs. PLoS ONE, 8(11), e73377.

Publication 2013

6-hydroxybenzothiazole Amyloid Proteins Brain ECHO protocol Homo sapiens Intravenous Infusion Neoplasm Metastasis Radionuclide Imaging Reading Frames TRIO protein, human Vision

Multiparametric Evaluation of Cerebral Hemodynamics

Cited 32 times

MR experiments (3 Tesla, Siemens Medical Solutions, Erlangen, Germany) were performed on a total of 39 healthy subjects (age 31±7 years, range 19–48 years, 23 males and 16 females). The protocol was approved by Institutional Review Board. Informed written consent was obtained for each participant. The body coil was used for RF transmission and a head coil was used for receiving. Foam paddings were used to stabilize the head to minimize motion. The subjects were instructed not to fall asleep during the experiments (verified after the session), as the cerebral blood flow and venous oxygenation may change during sleep. Four effective TEs were used: 0ms, 40ms, 80ms and 160ms, corresponding to 0, 4, 8 and 16 refocusing pulses in the T2-preparation (τ_CPMG=10ms). Other Imaging parameters: FOV=230mm, matrix=64×64, single-shot EPI, slice thickness=5mm, TR=8000ms, TE=19ms, TI=1200ms, repetition=4, thickness of labeling slab = 50 mm, gap between labeling slab and imaging slice = 25 mm, scan duration 4 minutes and 16 seconds.
In a sub-group of healthy subjects (n=6), the intra-session reproducibility was evaluated by performing five TRUST MRI scans at approximately 10 minute intervals. The same slice locations and imaging parameters were used for the five scans.
In a sub-group of healthy subjects (n=5), TR dependence of the measurement was investigated by performing TRUST MRI using TR values of 1.5 seconds to 8 seconds at 0.5 second intervals (14 different TR values). All other parameters were identical as specified above. The durations for the scans depended on TR and varied from 48 seconds to 4 minutes and 16 seconds. In one subject, the TI dependence was investigated (with fixed TR) and the TI values varied from 200ms to 2600ms (13 different TI values). All other parameters were identical as specified above.
In two healthy subjects, hypercapnia challenge (by breathing through a plastic tube with 600ml of volume, thereby increasing the dead-space (25 (link))) was induced and TRUST MRI was performed before, during, and after the challenge. End-tidal CO2 (EtCO2) was monitored throughout the experiment and was compared to MRI results.
In three healthy subjects, TRUST MRI was performed before and after 200mg caffeine tablet ingestion (26 (link)). The pre-caffeine scan was first performed. Then, while still inside the head coil, the subject was instructed to open his or her mouth for the researcher to place one tablet inside, and a small amount of water was administered via a straw to assist with swallowing. The MRI table was then repositioned to the iso-center. Twenty minutes later, the post-caffeine TRUST scan was performed. During the twenty minute waiting time, other anatomical scans (e.g. T1-weigthed anatomical imaging) were performed.
In three subjects, TRUST MRI was performed before and after the intravenous administration of Gd-DTPA contrast agent (Magnevist, Berlex Laboratories, Wayne, NY) at standard dosage (0.1 mmol/kg). The post-contrast TRUST was performed approximately 6 minutes after the injection of the contrast agent so that the agent concentration remained relatively constant for the duration of the TRUST scan.

Lu H, & Ge Y. (2008). Quantitative evaluation of oxygenation in venous vessels using T2-Relaxation-Under-Spin-Tagging MRI. Magnetic resonance in medicine : official journal of the Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine / Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, 60(2), 357-363.

Publication 2008

Caffeine Cell Respiration Cerebrovascular Circulation Contrast Media Ethics Committees, Research Females Gadolinium DTPA Head Healthy Volunteers Human Body Intravenous Infusion Magnevist Males MRI Scans Neoplasm Metastasis Oral Cavity Pulses Radionuclide Imaging Sleep Tablet Transmission, Communicable Disease Veins

Ketamine and Mood Stabilizer Therapy for Bipolar Depression

Cited 29 times

This was a single-center, double-blind, randomized, crossover, placebo-controlled study conducted to assess the efficacy and safety of a single intravenous infusion of the NMDA antagonist ketamine combined with lithium or valproate therapy in the treatment of bipolar I or II depression. As noted previously, subjects were first required to have failed to respond to a prospective open trial of therapeutic levels of either lithium or valproate at the NIMH for a minimum of 4 weeks, regardless of whether they were already taking therapeutic levels of lithium or valproate at admission. During the entirety of the study, patients were required to take either lithium or valproate within the specified range and were not allowed to receive any other psychotropic medications (including benzodiazepines) or to receive structured psychotherapy. Lithium and valproate levels were obtained weekly. Vital signs and oximetry were monitored during the infusion and for 1 hour after. Electrocardiograms, complete blood counts, electrolyte panels, and liver function tests were obtained at baseline and at the end of the study.
Following nonresponse to open treatment with lithium or valproate and a 2-week drug-free period (except for treatment with lithium or valproate), subjects received intravenous infusions of saline solution and 0.5-mg/kg ketamine hydrochloride 2 weeks apart using a randomized, double-blind, crossover design. The ketamine dose was based on previous controlled studies of patients with major depressive disorder.30 (link),33 (link),34 (link)
Patients were randomly assigned to the order in which they received the 2 infusions via a random-numbers chart. Study solutions were supplied in identical 50-mL syringes containing either 0.9% of saline or ketamine with the additional volume of saline to total 50 mL. Ketamine forms a clear solution when dissolved in 0.9% saline. The infusions were administered over 40 minutes via a Baxter infusion pump (Deerfield, Illinois) by an anesthesiologist in the perianesthesia care unit. All staff, including the anesthesiologist, was blind to whether drug or placebo was being administered.

Diazgranados N., Ibrahim L., Brutsche N.E., Newberg A., Kronstein P., Khalife S., Kammerer W.A., Quezado Z., Luckenbaugh D.A., Salvadore G., Machado-Vieira R., Manji H.K, & Zarate CA J.r. (2010). A Randomized Add-on Trial of an N-methyl-d-aspartate Antagonist in Treatment-Resistant Bipolar Depression. Archives of general psychiatry, 67(8), 793-802.

Publication 2010

Anesthesiologist Benzodiazepines Complete Blood Count Electrocardiogram Electrolytes Infusion Pump Intravenous Infusion Ketamine Ketamine Hydrochloride Lithium Liver Function Tests Major Depressive Disorder N-Methylaspartate Normal Saline Oximetry Patients Pharmaceutical Preparations Placebos Psychotherapy Psychotropic Drugs Safety Saline Solution Signs, Vital Syringes Valproate Visually Impaired Persons

Most recents protocols related to «Intravenous Infusion»

Characterization of Oral [14C]Vorasidenib Metabolism in Humans

Not available on PMC !

Example 8

Characterization of Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion of Oral [¹⁴C]Vorasidenib with Concomitant Intravenous Microdose Administration of [¹³C₃¹⁵N₃]Vorasidenib in Humans

Metabolite profiling and identification of vorasidenib (AG-881) was performed in plasma, urine, and fecal samples collected from five healthy subjects after a single 50-mg (100 μCi) oral dose of [14C]AG-881 and concomitant intravenous microdose of [¹³C3 ¹⁵N3]AG-881.

Plasma samples collected at selected time points from 0 through 336 hour postdose were pooled across subjects to generate 0—to 72 and 96-336-hour area under the concentration-time curve (AUC)-representative samples. Urine and feces samples were pooled by subject to generate individual urine and fecal pools. Plasma, urine, and feces samples were extracted, as appropriate, the extracts were profiled using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and metabolites were identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS and/or LC-MS/MS) analysis and by comparison of retention time with reference standards, when available.

Due to low radioactivity in samples, plasma metabolite profiling was performed by using accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). In plasma, AG-881 was accounted for 66.24 and 29.47% of the total radioactivity in the pooled AUC_{0-72 h}and AUC_{96-336 h}plasma, respectively. The most abundant radioactive peak (P7; M458) represented 0.10 and 43.92% of total radioactivity for pooled AUC_0-72and AUC_{96-336 h}plasma, respectively. All other radioactive peaks accounted for less than 6% of the total plasma radioactivity and were not identified.

The majority of the radioactivity recovered in feces was associated with unchanged AG-881 (55.5% of the dose), while no AG-881 was detected in urine. In comparison, metabolites in excreta accounted for approximately 18% of dose in feces and for approximately 4% of dose in urine. M515, M460-1, M499, M516/M460-2, and M472/M476 were the most abundant metabolites in feces, and each accounted for approximately 2 to 5% of the radioactive dose, while M266 was the most abundant metabolite identified in urine and accounted for a mean of 2.54% of the dose. The remaining radioactive components in urine and feces each accounted for <1% of the dose.

Overall, the data presented indicate [¹⁴C]AG-881 underwent moderate metabolism after a single oral dose of 50-mg (100 μCi) and was eliminated in humans via a combination of metabolism and excretion of unchanged parent. AG-881 metabolism involved the oxidation and conjugation with glutathione (GSH) by displacement of the chlorine at the chloropyridine moiety. Subsequent biotransformation of GSH intermediates resulted in elimination of both glutamic acid and glycine to form the cysteinyl conjugates (M515 and M499). The cysteinyl conjugates were further converted by a series of biotransformation reactions such as oxidation, S-dealkylation, S-methylation, S-oxidation, S-acetylation and N-dealkylation resulting in the formation multiple metabolites.

A summary of the metabolites observed is included in Table 2

TABLE 2

Retention

ComponentTimeMatrix

designation(Minutes)[M + H]⁺Type of BiotransformationPlasmaUrineFeces

Unidentified 17.00UnknownX

M2667.67^a267N-dealkylationX

Unidentified 2UnknownX

Unidentified 3UnknownX

Unidentified 4UnknownX

Unidentified 5UnknownX

M51519.79^b516OxidationX

M460-120.76^b461OxidationX

M49921.22^b500Dechloro-glutathioneXX

conjugation + hydrolysis

M51621.89^b517Oxidative-deaminationX

M460-221.98^b461OxidationX

M47222.76^b473S-dealkylation + S-X

acetylation + reduction

M47622.76^b477OxidationX

Unidentified 6UnknownX

M47423.63^b475OxidationX

Unidentified 7UnknownX

M43025.88^b431AG-881-oxidationX

M42630.62^b427S-dealkylation + methylationX

M45831.03^c459AG-69460X*

AG-88139.41^b415AG-881XX

M42847.40^b429S-dealkylation + oxidationX

Table 3 contains a summary of protonated molecular ions and characteristic product ions for AG-881 and identified metabolites

TABLE 3

RetentionCharacteristic

MetaboliteTimeProposed MetaboliteProduct Ions

designation(Minutes)[M + H]⁺Identification(m/z)Matrix

M266 7.88^a267[Figure (not displayed)]
188, 187Urine

M51519.79^b516[Figure (not displayed)]
429, 260, 164, 153Feces

M460-120.76^b461[Figure (not displayed)]
379, 260, 164Feces

M49921.22^b500[Figure (not displayed)]
437, 413, 260, 164, 137Urine Feces

M51621.89^b517[Figure (not displayed)]
427, 260, 164, 153Feces

M460-221.98^b461[Figure (not displayed)]
369, 260, 164, 139, 121, 93Feces

M47222.76^b473[Figure (not displayed)]
429, 260, 179, 164, 153Feces

M47622.76^b477[Figure (not displayed)]
395, 260, 164, 139, 119Feces

M47423.63^b475[Figure (not displayed)]
260, 164, 68Feces

M43025.88^b431[Figure (not displayed)]
260, 164, 155, 68Feces

M42630.62^b427[Figure (not displayed)]
260, 164, 151Feces

M45831.03^b459[Figure (not displayed)]
380, 311, 260, 183, 164, 130Plasma Feces^d

AG-88139.41^b415[Figure (not displayed)]
319, 277, 260, 240, 164, 139, 119, 68Plasma Feces^d

M42847.40^b429[Figure (not displayed)]
260, 164, 153Feces

Notes

^aRetention time from analysis of a urine sample

^bRetention time from analysis of a feces sample

^cRetention time from analysis of a plasma sample

^dM458 was only detected in feces by mass spectrometry, not by radioprofiling.

The proposed (theoretical) biotransformation pathways leading to the observed metabolites are shown in FIG. 1.

US11865079B2. Therapeutically active compounds and their methods of use (2024-01-09). Servier Pharmaceuticals LLC [US]. Inventors: Chandra Agarwal Prakash [US].

Patent 2024

Acetylation AG 30 Biotransformation Chlorine Dealkylation Deamination Elements, Radioactive Feces Glutamic Acid Glutathione Glycine Healthy Volunteers High-Performance Liquid Chromatographies Homo sapiens Hydrolysis Intravenous Infusion Ions Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry Metabolism Methylation Parent Plasma Radioactivity Retention (Psychology) Tandem Mass Spectrometry Urinalysis Urine vorasidenib

Immunotherapy for Solid Tumors

Not available on PMC !

Example 7

Use in Patients for Treating Solid Tumours

Stored haematopoietic cells (e.g. haematopoietic stem cells or granulocyte precursor cells obtainable therefrom), and granulocytes (e.g. neutrophils) differentiated therefrom are matched to cancer patients based on their cancer type, blood type (ABO, rhesus and HLA), and/or genetics. Patients may also be matched based on human leukocyte antigen (HLA) similarity.

Patients are treated using:

- IV infusion of haematopoietic cells (including haematopoietic stem cells, and granulocyte precursor cells) together with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor, human growth hormone, serotonin, and interleukin into the patient; or
- IV infusion of stimulated granulocyte precursor cells (obtainable from haematopoietic stem cells) into the patient. Without wishing to be bound by theory, it is believed that said cells naturally differentiate into granulocytes (e.g. neutrophils) having a high CKA in a CKA assay in vivo; or
- direct IV infusion of granulocytes (e.g. neutrophils) having a high CKA in a CKA assay which have been differentiated from haematopoietic cells (e.g. haematopoietic stem cells).

Typically, cells are infused once weekly for 8 weeks with a cell volume of 2×10¹¹administered per week. Progress of the therapy is monitored and dosing is adapted accordingly.

US11878033B2. Cancer-killing cells (2024-01-23). LIFT BIOSCIENCES LTD [GB]. Inventors: Alex Blyth [GB], Nico Bruyniks [GB].

Patent 2024

Biological Assay Cells Granulocyte Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Granulocyte Precursor Cells Hematopoietic System Histocompatibility Antigens Class II Human Growth Hormone Interleukins Intravenous Infusion Macaca mulatta Malignant Neoplasms Neoplasms Neutrophil Patients Serotonin Stem Cells, Hematopoietic Therapeutics

Cynomolgus and Human B Cell Activation by CEA×CD40 Bispecific Antibody

Not available on PMC !

Example 20

Materials and Methods

B cell activation of the cynoCEA×CD40 RUBY™ (AC_05355) on cynomolgus and human B cells in the presence of CEA transfected cells (macaque CEA, NP_001040590.1). Primary cynomolgus B cells were cultured with titrated antibodies in the presence CEA expressed on CHO cells. After 2 days, expression of CD86 on B cells was analyzed by FACS.

The cynoCEA×CD40 bispecific antibody (AC_05355) was administered once weekly via intravenous infusion for 2 weeks to cynomolgus monkeys at two different dose levels (10 mg/kg and 37.5 mg/kg). One female and one male were evaluated at each dose level.

Results

FIG. 29 shows that CEA×CD40 bsAbs in the RUBY™ format (AC_05355) induce upregulation of CD86 on cynomolgus and human B cells to a similar degree. The CEA-conditional activation of CD40 on cynomolgus B cells and human B cells is similar to what is observed with the human CEA×CD40 bsAb in RUBY™ (AC_05355) used for the in vitro assays. The cynoCEA×CD40 bsAb binds with similar affinity to human and cynomolgus monkey CEA (hCEA vs cCEA, right panel).

FIG. 29 also shows that in cynomolgus monkeys there were no findings associated with cyoCEA×CD40 bsAb (AC_05355) at the evaluated dose levels.

US11873348B2. Peptides (2024-01-16). ALLIGATOR BIOSCIENCE AB [SE]. Inventors: Peter Ellmark [SE], Karin Hagerbrand [SE], Laura Varas [SE], Mattias Levin [SE], Anna Säll [SE], Laura von Schantz [SE].

Patent 2024

Antibodies Antibodies, Bispecific B-Lymphocytes Biological Assay CHO Cells Females Homo sapiens Intravenous Infusion Macaca Macaca fascicularis Males Transcriptional Activation

GPRC5D Expression in Multiple Myeloma

Not available on PMC !

Example 1

The Expression of human GPRC5D was evaluated in various malignant and normal tissues by investigating gene expression profiles in databases such as the cancer cell line encyclopedia and BioGPS. As shown in FIG. 2, human GPRC5D was highly expressed in multiple myeloma, but not in other malignant tissues. Normal expression appeared limited to plasma cells. Potential GPRC5D targeted CAR T cell eradication of this normal cell type may not have significant adverse effects based on inventors' patient experience with CD19 targeted CAR T cells. Any lack of physiologic antibody production can be addressed with intravenous immunoglobulin treatment.

US11866478B2. Nucleic acid molecules encoding chimeric antigen receptors targeting G-protein coupled receptor (2024-01-09). MEMORIAL SLOAN KETTERING CANCER CENTER [US], EUREKA THERAPEUTICS, INC. [US]. Inventors: Renier J. Brentjens [US], Eric L Smith [US], Cheng Liu [US].

Patent 2024

Antibody Formation Cell Lines Cells GPRC5D protein, human Homo sapiens Immunoglobulins Intravenous Infusion Inventors Malignant Neoplasms Multiple Myeloma Patients physiology Plasma Cells T-Lymphocyte Tissue Microarray Analysis Tissues

Sarilumab Intravenous Infusion for COVID-19

Protocol full text hidden due to copyright restrictions

Open the protocol to access the free full text link

Publication 2023

Adrenal Cortex Hormones Antiviral Agents Biological Evolution Chest Clinical Investigators Hematologic Tests Intravenous Infusion Nasopharynx Oxygen Patients Physical Examination remdesivir Respiratory Rate Safety sarilumab SARS-CoV-2 Secondary Infections Signs, Vital Therapeutics X-Ray Computed Tomography X-Rays, Diagnostic

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What are some common challenges with intravenous infusion administration?

Some common challenges with intravenous infusion administration include ensuring proper vein selection, maintaining sterile technique to prevent infections, managing infusion rates to avoid fluid overload, and monitoring for potential complications like thrombosis or extravasation. Proper training and adherence to safety protocols are crucial to overcome these challenges and deliver intravenous infusions effectively.

What are the different types or variations of intravenous infusion?

Intravenous infusions can vary in terms of the type of fluid or medication being delivered, the infusion rate, the duration of the infusion, and the delivery method (e.g., gravity-fed, pump-controlled). Common types include crystalloid solutions, colloid solutions, total parenteral nutrition, and infusions of specific medications like antibiotics, analgesics, or chemotherapeutic agents. The choice of infusion type depends on the patient's clinical needs and the desired therapeutic effect.

How can PubCompare.ai assist with optimizing intravenous infusion protocols?

PubCompare.ai's AI-driven platform can help researchers and clinicians optimize intravenous infusion protocols in several ways. First, it allows you to more efficiently screen the protocol literature to identify the most relevant studies and best practices. Second, the platform's AI analysis can pinpoint critical insights, such as key differences in the effectiveness of various infusion protocols, enabling you to choose the best option for reproducibility and accuracy in your research. By leveraging the power of AI, PubCompare.ai can help you identify the optimal intravenous infusion approach for your specific needs.

What are some common applications of intravenous infusion in healthcare?

Intravenous infusions have a wide range of applications in healthcare, including: 1) Treating dehydration and electrolyte imbalances, 2) Administering critical medications like antibiotics, analgesics, or chemotherapeutic agents, 3) Providing nutritional support through total parenteral nutrition, 4) Delivering fluids and blood products during surgery or trauma, and 5) Supporting the management of various medical conditions, such as heart failure, kidney disease, or sepsis. The versatility of intravenous infusion makes it an essential tool in modern medicine.

How can researchers ensure the reproducibility of intravenous infusion protocols?

Ensureing the reproducibilty of intravenous infusion protocols is critical for research and clinical practice. Key factors to consider include: 1) Carefully documenting all aspects of the infusion procedure, including the type of fluid, rate, duration, and delivery method, 2) Standardizing the technique and equipment used across study sites or trials, 3) Monitoring and reporting any deviations or complications that occur during the infusion, and 4) Conducting rigorous statistical analysis to validate the consistency and effectiveness of the infusion protocol. By addressing these elements, researchers can enhance the reproducibility and reliability of their intravenous infusion studies.

More about "Intravenous Infusion"

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Mastering intravenous (IV) infusion is a critical skill in healthcare, enabling rapid delivery of essential fluids, medications, and nutrients directly into the patient's veins.
This method allows for quick absorption and distribution throughout the body, making it a common and indispensable practice in medical settings.
IV infusions are used to treat dehydration, deliver critical therapies, provide parenteral nutrition, and support a wide range of medical conditions.
The process involves inserting a small catheter into a vein, typically in the arm or hand, and connecting it to a bag or bottle of the infusion solution.
Careful control over the rate and volume of the infusion is crucial to meet the patient's specific needs and prevent potential complications.
Reserach into optimal IV infusion protocols is an important area of study, as it can enhance patient outcomes and ensure the reproducibility of research results.
By leveraging the power of AI-driven platforms, healthcare professionals can identify the best infusion methods from a wealth of literature, pre-prints, and patents, enabling them to deliver the most effective IV therapies and improve the accuracy and consistency of their research findings.