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> Procedures > Therapeutic or Preventive Procedure > Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy

Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy

Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: A Critical Tool for Cancer Treatment Optimization.
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy involves the administration of systemic chemotherapeutic agents prior to definitive treatment, such as surgery or radiation.
This approach can shruink tumors, improve resectability, and enhance the effectiveness of subsequent therapies.
PubCompare.ai's AI-driven platform helps researchers locate the best neoadjuvant chemotherapy protocols from literature, pre-prints, and patents, enabling enhanced reproducibility and accuaracy in this vital area of oncology research.

Most cited protocols related to «Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy»

1
Predicting Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer
Cited 66 times
Differentially expressed probe sets in two responder groups: pCR or minimal residual cancer burden (RCB-I) defining excellent response, versus moderate or extensive residual cancer burden (RCB-II/III) defining partial response20 (link) were identified separately in ER+/HER2− and ER−/HER2− training cases using a robust unequal variance t-statistic under a bootstrap scheme. The 209 and 244 probe sets that were significant in at least 30% of the bootstrap replicates in the two cohorts were selected as candidates. Subsequently, a multivariate penalized optimization algorithm, gradient directed regularization, was then used with maximum penalization to select a minimal signature that maximized the area under the ROC curve (AUC) under complete cross-validation.28 The final response predictors used 39 and 55 probe sets for the ER+/HER2− and ER−/HER2− cohorts respectively. Risk scores calculated as the weighted sum of the standardized log2-transformed expression signal of the signature probe sets were dichotomized at zero for both cohorts to predict “responders” (positive scores) or “non-responders” (negative scores).
A similar procedure was followed to develop the predictor for resistance by comparing patients with extensive residual disease (RCB-III) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy treatment versus remaining patients. The final predictor of extensive residual disease used 73 and 54 probe sets for ER+/HER2−and ER−/HER2− subsets respectively (Supplemental Appendix).
Hatzis C., Pusztai L., Valero V., Booser D.J., Esserman L., Lluch A., Vidaurre T., Holmes F., Souchon E., Martin M., Cotrina J., Gomez H., Hubbard R., Chacón J.I., Ferrer-Lozano J., Dyer R., Buxton M., Gong Y., Wu Y., Ibrahim N., Andreopoulou E., Ueno N.T., Hunt K., Yang W., Nazario A., DeMichele A., O’Shaughnessy J., Hortobagyi G.N, & Symmans W.F. (2011). GENOMIC PREDICTOR OF RESPONSE AND SURVIVAL FOLLOWING TAXANE-ANTHRACYCLINE CHEMOTHERAPY FOR INVASIVE BREAST CANCER. JAMA, 305(18), 1873-1881.
Publication 2011
ERBB2 protein, human Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Patients Residual Cancer Residual Tumor
2
Predicting Sensitivity to Breast Cancer Therapy
Cited 57 times
We combined the individual predictions into a testing algorithm for predicted sensitivity to adjuvant treatment of HER2-negative breast cancer with taxane-anthracycline chemotherapy: 1) sensitivity to endocrine therapy assessed based on an independently validated 165-gene index of endocrine sensitivity (high or intermediate SET index)21 (link); 2) resistance to chemotherapy predicted either by early distant relapse events or by extensive residual disease after neoadjuvant chemotherapy; and 3) sensitivity (pathologic response) to chemotherapy (Figure 1). Additional methodological details are provided in the Supplemental Appendix.
Hatzis C., Pusztai L., Valero V., Booser D.J., Esserman L., Lluch A., Vidaurre T., Holmes F., Souchon E., Martin M., Cotrina J., Gomez H., Hubbard R., Chacón J.I., Ferrer-Lozano J., Dyer R., Buxton M., Gong Y., Wu Y., Ibrahim N., Andreopoulou E., Ueno N.T., Hunt K., Yang W., Nazario A., DeMichele A., O’Shaughnessy J., Hortobagyi G.N, & Symmans W.F. (2011). GENOMIC PREDICTOR OF RESPONSE AND SURVIVAL FOLLOWING TAXANE-ANTHRACYCLINE CHEMOTHERAPY FOR INVASIVE BREAST CANCER. JAMA, 305(18), 1873-1881.
Publication 2011
Anthracyclines erbb2 Gene Genes Hypersensitivity Malignant Neoplasm of Breast Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Pharmaceutical Adjuvants Pharmacotherapy Relapse Residual Tumor System, Endocrine taxane Therapeutics
3
Breast Cancer Gene Expression Profiling
Cited 31 times
Gene-expression data from 230 stage I to III breast cancers, without individual patient identifiers, were provided to the MAQC project by the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC) Breast Cancer Pharmacogenomic Program. Gene-expression results were generated from fine-needle aspiration specimens of newly diagnosed breast cancers before any therapy. The biopsy specimens were collected sequentially during a prospective pharmacogenomic marker discovery study approved by the institutional review board between 2000 and 2008. These specimens represent 70% to 90% pure neoplastic cells with minimal stromal contamination [12 (link)]. All patients signed informed consent for genomic analysis of their cancers. Patients received 6 months of preoperative (neoadjuvant) chemotherapy including paclitaxel, 5-fluorouracil, cyclophosphamide, and doxorubicin, followed by surgical resection of the cancer. Response to preoperative chemotherapy was categorized as a pathologic complete response (pCR = no residual invasive cancer in the breast or lymph nodes) or residual invasive cancer (RD). The prognostic value of pCR has been discussed extensively in the medical literature [13 (link)]. Genomic analyses of subsets of this sequentially accrued patient population were reported previously [9 (link),14 (link),15 (link)]. For each endpoint, we used the first 130 cases as a training set to develop prediction models, and the next 100 cases were set aside as independent validation set. Table 1 and Additional file 1 show patient and sample characteristics in the two data sets.
Popovici V., Chen W., Gallas B.G., Hatzis C., Shi W., Samuelson F.W., Nikolsky Y., Tsyganova M., Ishkin A., Nikolskaya T., Hess K.R., Valero V., Booser D., Delorenzi M., Hortobagyi G.N., Shi L., Symmans W.F, & Pusztai L. (2010). Effect of training-sample size and classification difficulty on the accuracy of genomic predictors. Breast Cancer Research : BCR, 12(1), R5.
Publication 2010
Aspiration Biopsy, Fine-Needle Biopsy Breast Carcinoma Cells Cyclophosphamide Doxorubicin Ethics Committees, Research Fluorouracil Gene Expression Genome Malignant Neoplasm of Breast Malignant Neoplasms Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Neoplasms Nodes, Lymph Operative Surgical Procedures Paclitaxel Patients Pharmacogenomic Analysis Pharmacotherapy Residual Cancer Therapeutics
4
Breast Cancer Tissue Sampling Study
Cited 26 times
Fresh frozen breast cancer tissue from every third patient diagnosed and treated between 1991 and 2004 at the Koo Foundation Sun-Yat-Sen Cancer Center (KFSYSCC) were randomly selected for the study. Patients with follow-up periods shorter than three years were excluded, with the exception of those who died of the disease within three years of the initial treatment. In cases of ineligibility, the following sample was selected. The selected tissue samples spanned the major transition periods of adjuvant chemotherapy from CMF (cyclophosphamide, methotrexate and fluorouracil) to CAF (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, fluorouracil) and to taxane-based regimens. Four hundred forty seven samples were obtained, but 135 samples were excluded due to insufficient RNA (n = 1), poor RNA quality (n = 116), or unacceptable microarray quality (n = 18). A total of 312 samples were eligible for the study (Cohort 1). Gene expression profiles of an additional 15 lobular breast carcinoma samples, collected between 1999 and 2004 and previously studied, were also included (Cohort 2). All patients were treated by a multidisciplinary team according to the guidelines consistent with the National Comprehensive Cancer Network [18 ]. Following modified radical mastectomy or breast-conserving surgery plus dissection of axillary nodes, patients received radiotherapy, adjuvant chemotherapy, and/or hormonal therapy, if indicated. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was administered to patients with locally advanced disease. The study was approved by the institutional review board (ID number 20020128A) and ethical approval was obtained from the same board for samples without obtainable informed consent.
Kao K.J., Chang K.M., Hsu H.C, & Huang A.T. (2011). Correlation of microarray-based breast cancer molecular subtypes and clinical outcomes: implications for treatment optimization. BMC Cancer, 11, 143.
Publication 2011
Axilla Breast-Conserving Surgery Carcinoma, Lobular Chemotherapy, Adjuvant Cyclophosphamide Dissection Doxorubicin Ethics Committees, Research Fluorouracil Freezing Malignant Neoplasm of Breast Malignant Neoplasms Methotrexate Microarray Analysis Modified Radical Mastectomy Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Patients Radiotherapy taxane Therapeutics Tissues Treatment Protocols
5
Siglec15 Predicts Bladder Cancer Therapy Response
Cited 24 times
A set of gene signatures positively correlated with the clinical response of an anti-PD-L1 agent (atezolizumab) in BLCA were collected from Mariathasan's study 27 (link). Twelve bladder cancer signatures that are specific to different molecular subtypes were collected from the study performed by the Bladder Cancer Molecular Taxonomy Group 19 (link). We also collected other therapeutic signatures, including oncogenic pathways that could shape a non-inflamed TME, targeted therapy-associated gene signatures, and gene signatures predicting radiotherapy responses (Table S9). The enrichment scores of these signatures were calculated using the GSVA R package 43 (link). Subsequently, it was noted that the mutation statuses of several critical genes, including RB1, ATM, ERBB2, ERCC2, and FANCC, were predictors of the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in BLCA 44 (link)-47 (link).
After comparing the differences in the values of the enrichment scores of therapeutic signatures and the mutation statuses of neoadjuvant chemotherapy predictors between Siglec15 groups, we could determine the role of Siglec15 in predicting the response to these therapies. Finally, the BLCA-related drug-target genes were screened using the Drugbank database (Table S10) 48 (link).
Hu J., Yu A., Othmane B., Qiu D., Li H., Li C., Liu P., Ren W., Chen M., Gong G., Guo X., Zhang H., Chen J, & Zu X. (2021). Siglec15 shapes a non-inflamed tumor microenvironment and predicts the molecular subtype in bladder cancer. Theranostics, 11(7), 3089-3108.
Publication 2021
atezolizumab Cancer of Bladder CD274 protein, human Drug Delivery Systems ERBB2 protein, human ERCC2 protein, human FANCC protein, human Genes Genes, vif Mutation Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Oncogenes Radiotherapy

Most recents protocols related to «Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy»

1
Assessing Skin Closure Time and SSI Risk
The data of previously known risk factors for SSI including age, body mass index (BMI), diabetes mellitus, hypertension, smoking, alcohol drinking, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status (PS) classification, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and previous radiotherapy was collected. The primary outcomes were time for skin closure and SSI rate. Every operation room in our center records the time of initiation and end of anesthetic induction, the time of skin incision, initiation of skin closure, and end of the total operation. We checked the time of initiation of skin closure and the time of end of the operation in every case and calculated the time expended on skin closure. Monitoring and data collection for SSI is conducted by the Center for Infection Prevention and Control (CIC) of Samsung Medical Center, which conforms to the standardized criteria by CDC guidelines. According to the CDC guidelines, SSI is defined as an infection that occurs within 30 days after operative procedure if no implant is left, and the patient should have one of the following; (a) purulent drainage from the incision; (b) organisms isolated from the culture of fluid or tissue from the incision; (c) inflammatory symptoms or signs such as pain, tenderness, swelling, redness, and fever; (d) an abscess or other evidence of infection; or e) diagnosis by the surgeon or attending physician [9 ]. We also used the same definition of SSI and, therefore, monitoring and following up for SSI was confined to 30 days after the operation. All the surgeons or physicians in our center are supposed to report the SSI to the CIC of our center through an electronic medical record system whenever they detect it, and the CIC also regularly monitors the results of cultures.
Based on these data, we compared the time expended on skin closure and the occurrence rate of SSI between the ASS group and the HS group. Also, we compared the above risk factors between the patients with SSI and without SSI among the ASS group to identify significant risk factors for SSI when using ASS, and to validate appropriate indication/contraindication for ASS.
Lee J., Lee J.E., Ryu J.M., Kim S.W., Nam S.J, & Yu J.H. (2023). The use of absorbable skin stapler in mastectomy does not increase the rate of surgical site infection. Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research, 104(3), 137-143.
Publication 2023
Abscess Anesthesiologist Anesthetics Diabetes Mellitus Diagnosis Drainage Erythema Fever High Blood Pressures Index, Body Mass Infection Inflammation Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Pain Patients Physical Examination Physicians Radiotherapy Skin Surgeons Tissues
2
Nationwide UTUC Cohort Protocol
From March 01, 2001 to March 31, 2021, a total of 4016 patients with UTUC who undergo NU as the primary surgery were enrolled from the Taiwan UTUC Collaboration Group registry database for analysis. Patients with missing data on any of the variables for analysis were excluded (n = 2787). Patients younger than 18 years (n = 5), with end-stage renal disease prior to surgery (n = 156), who received kidney transplantation (n = 16), or had undergone NU previously (n = 10) were excluded. Patients who had received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) prior to surgery (n = 23) or who underwent bilateral NU simultaneously (n = 1) were also excluded from the study (Supplementary Figure S1).
Demographic data, including age, sex, comorbidities (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, or coronary artery disease), tumor site (right or left), location (renal pelvis only or ureter involvement), ipsilateral hydronephrosis (presence or absence), tumor focality (single or multiple), and tumor size, were collected. Ipsilateral hydronephrosis was defined as the hydronephrosis presenting on the same side as tumor involvement. Pathological tumor staging was recorded according to the eighth edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer Staging Manual. Post-NU events such as sepsis or shock were also recorded (Table 1).
Cheng P.Y., Lee H.Y., Li W.M., Huang S.K., Liu C.L., Chen I.H., Lin J.T., Lo C.W., Yu C.C., Wang S.S., Chen C.S., Tseng J.S., Lin W.R., Yeong-Chin J., Cheong I.S., Jiang Y.H., Lee Y.K., Chen Y.T., Chen S.H., Chiang B.J., Hsueh T.Y., Huang C.Y., Wu C.C., Lin W.Y., Tsai Y.C., Yu K.J., Huang C.P., Huang Y.Y, & Tsai C.Y. (2023). Preoperative hydronephrosis is an independent protective factor of renal function decline after nephroureterectomy for upper tract urothelial carcinoma. Frontiers in Oncology, 13, 944321.
Publication 2023
Coronary Artery Disease Diabetes Mellitus High Blood Pressures Hydronephrosis Joints Kidney Failure, Chronic Kidney Transplantation Malignant Neoplasms Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Neoplasms Operative Surgical Procedures Patients Pelvis, Renal Septicemia Shock Ureter Youth
3
Clinicopathological Analysis of MIBC Patients
Clinicopathological data of patients with resected MIBC receiving chemotherapy were obtained from the SEER database utilizing SEER*Stat 8.3.9 software. The inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) diagnosed with MIBC from 2004 to 2015 as the first only malignancy; (2) histological type: Transitional cell carcinoma; (3) patients treated radical cystectomy and chemotherapy (Whether adjuvant chemotherapy or neoadjuvant chemotherapy). Exclusion criteria: (1) M stage: M1 or Mx; (2) patients receiving radiotherapy; (3) the information of N stage, grade, tumor size, race, marital status and regional nodes examined unknown. Our study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University.
Hu B., Chen R., Chen G., Zheng P, & Fu B. (2023). Prognostic nomogram for estimating survival in patients with resected muscle-invasive bladder cancer receiving chemotherapy. Frontiers in Surgery, 10, 1121184.
Publication 2023
Carcinoma, Transitional Cell Chemotherapy, Adjuvant Division Phase, Cell Ethics Committees, Clinical Malignant Neoplasms Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Neoplasms Patients Pharmacotherapy Radical Cystectomy Radiotherapy
4
Limb-Salvage Surgery for Pediatric Osteosarcoma
This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University and informed consent was obtained from all patients. Inclusion criteria: primary malignant tumor of bone near the knee joint; neoadjuvant chemotherapy is effective; the tumor did not invade the epiphyseal plate; the tumor did not invade important blood vessels and nerves; no infection. Exclusion criteria: pathological fracture; no limb preservation conditions; tumor invading epiphysis. There were 3 male and 2 female patients, the age range was from 8 to 14 years, with an average of 11.6 years. Distal femoral lesions were observed in 2 cases and proximal tibial lesions in 3 cases. All patients underwent X-ray, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and emission computed tomography examination, and a biopsy was performed after the examination. All cases were common osteosarcomas with no distant metastasis. According to the Enneking staging system, all cases were classified as stage IIB. The distance between the epiphyseal plate and the tumor was >1 cm in all cases. The magnetic resonance imaging image San Julian classification[5 (link)] was applied to classify the lesions. Type I lesions are defined as a distance from the edge of the tumor to the epiphyseal plate >2 cm; for Type II the distance from the edge of the tumor to the epiphyseal plate <2 cm or adjacent; for Type III the epiphyseal plate is partially in contact with the tumor or invaded epiphysis. All cases were classified as San Julian I or San Julian II and the epiphysis could be preserved. All the patients were treated with preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy, surgery, and postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy. All lesions were sensitive to preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and no pathological fractures occurred during chemotherapy. The chemotherapy regimen consisted of cisplatin 100 mg/m2, adriamycin 80 mg/m2, methotrexate 12 g/m2, and ifosfamide 12 g/m2.
Dai Z., Sun Y., Maihemuti M, & Jiang R. (2023). Follow-up of biological reconstruction of epiphysis preserving osteosarcoma around the knee in children: A retrospective cohort study. Medicine, 102(10), e33237.
Publication 2023
Adriamycin Biopsy Blood Vessel Bone Cancer Chemotherapy, Adjuvant Cisplatin Epiphyseal Cartilage Epiphyses Ethics Committees, Clinical Femur Ifosfamide Infection Knee Joint Males Methotrexate Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Neoplasm Metastasis Neoplasms Nervousness Operative Surgical Procedures Osteosarcoma Pathological Fracture Patients Pharmacotherapy Radiography Tibia Tomography, Emission-Computed Treatment Protocols Woman X-Ray Computed Tomography
5
Clinicopathological and Prognostic Outcomes of AEG
This study was institutionally approved by the Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, and each participant provided written informed consent. A total of 117 patients who underwent curative surgery for AEG, classified as Siewert type I or II, at our institute between 2000 and 2016 were included in this study. We precisely defined Siewert type based on pathological mapping and macroscopic measurements of the distance between the tumour epicentre and the esophagogastric junction. Furthermore, we retrospectively analysed clinicopathological features and prognostic outcomes. Finally, we evaluated the compatibility of our findings with the eighth edition of the AJCC/UICC TNM classification system for AEG [7 , 15 ].
The postoperative follow-up program at our institution comprises a regular physical examination as well as laboratory blood tests and chest X-rays every three or six months. Endoscopy and ultrasonography, or computed tomography, were performed annually for the first five years, if possible. All enrolled patients underwent pathological or macroscopic curative resection (R0). Histological types were classified as differentiated (papillary adenocarcinoma, or moderately or well-differentiated adenocarcinoma) or undifferentiated (poorly differentiated or undifferentiated adenocarcinoma, signet-ring cell carcinoma, or mucinous adenocarcinoma) based on the 15th edition of the Japanese Classification of Gastric Carcinoma [16 ]. Patients with bulky metastatic lymph nodes underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). The regimen of NAC was S-1 and cisplatin according to Japanese gastric cancer guidelines [16 ]. Patients who underwent NAC were 10.2% (12/117) of all patients. Patients with pStage II or high underwent postoperative S-1 adjuvant chemotherapy for one year according to the ACTS-GC (Adjuvant Chemotherapy Trial of TS-1 for Gastric Cancer) study [17 (link)].
Kamiya H., Komatsu S., Nishibeppu K., Ohashi T., Konishi H., Shiozaki A., Kubota T., Fujiwara H., Okamoto K, & Otsuji E. (2023). Evaluating prognostic value and stage migration effects using a positive lymph node ratio in adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction. BMC Cancer, 23, 218.
Publication 2023
Adenocarcinoma Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell Chemotherapy, Adjuvant Cisplatin Dietary Fiber Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal Esophagogastric Junction Gastric Cancer Hematologic Tests Japanese Mucinous Adenocarcinoma Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Neoplasms Nodes, Lymph Operative Surgical Procedures Papillary Adenocarcinoma Patients Pharmaceutical Preparations Physical Examination Radiography, Thoracic SERPINA3 protein, human Treatment Protocols Ultrasonography X-Ray Computed Tomography

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More about "Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy"

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) is a critical tool in cancer treatment optimization.
It involves the administration of systemic chemotherapeutic agents prior to definitive treatment, such as surgery or radiation.
This approach can shrink tumors, improve resectability, and enhance the effectiveness of subsequent therapies.
The use of NCT has become increasingly important in the field of oncology research.
Researchers often utilize statistical software like SAS version 9.4 and SPSS version 22.0 to analyze data and evaluate the efficacy of different NCT protocols.
Additionally, hematology analyzers like the XE-2100 can be used to monitor patient responses to NCT.
Researchers may also leverage tools like GraphPad Prism 5 and SPSS Statistics 22 to visualize and interpret data related to NCT.
Molecular biology techniques, such as using TRIzol and RNAlater for RNA extraction and quantification, can provide insights into the underlying mechanisms of NCT.
PubCompare.ai's AI-driven platform is a valuable resource for researchers in this field.
The platform helps locate the best NCT protocols from literature, pre-prints, and patents, enabling enhanced reproducibility and accuracy in this vital area of oncology research.
By incorporating synonyms, related terms, and abbreviations, researchers can optimize their search and literature review processes.
Key subtopics in NCT research include the use of neoadjuvant therapies, the impact on tumor resectability, and the effectiveness of subsequent treatments.
Researchers may also explore the use of cell culture models, such as those grown in RPMI 1640 media, to study the effects of NCT on cancer cell lines.
In summary, Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy is a critical tool in cancer treatment optimization, and PubCompare.ai's AI-driven platform can help researchers enhance their work in this vital area of oncology research.
By leveraging the right tools and techniques, researchers can advance our understanding of NCT and improve patient outcomes.