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> Procedures > Therapeutic or Preventive Procedure > Thyroidectomy

Thyroidectomy

Thyroidectomy is a medical procedure involving the surgical removal of all or part of the thyroid gland.
This operation is commonly performed to treat thyroid disorders, such as thyroid cancer, thyroid nodules, or hyperthyroidism.
Thyroidectomy can be an effective treatment option, but requires careful consideration of potential risks and benefits.
The procedure may involve the complete or partial removal of the thyroid gland, depending on the specific condition being addressed.
Patients undergoing thyroidectomy typically require close medical monitoring and may need lifelong thyroid hormone replacement therapy.
Optimizing the research and protocols around thyroidectomy can help improve outcomes and enhance reproducibility for this important surgical intervention.

Most cited protocols related to «Thyroidectomy»

1
New Persistent Opioid Use After Surgery
The Clinformatics™ Data Mart captures administrative health claims across the United States for members of a large national managed care company affiliated with OptumInsight (Eden Prairie, MN). We examined claims from January 1, 2012 to June 30, 2015 among adults ages 18 to 64 to capture surgical procedures performed between 2013 and 2014 to account for the 12-month preoperative and 6-month postoperative study period. We included only individuals with continuous medical and prescription drug coverage to evaluate the complete health care experience. We excluded patients ages 18 and younger, as well as patients older than 64 years due to incomplete capture of Medicare Part D prescriptions claims data. The study was deemed exempt from review by the University of Michigan Institutional Review Board.
We selected 13 common elective surgical procedures, and categorized these into minor and major groups based on prior literature. Minor surgical procedures included varicose vein removal, laparoscopic cholecystectomy, laparoscopic appendectomy, hemorrhoidectomy, thyroidectomy, transurethral prostate surgeries, and parathyroidectomy. Major surgical procedures included ventral incisional hernia repair, colectomy, reflux surgery, bariatric surgery, and hysterectomy. We identified patients undergoing surgery using Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) or International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD9_ procedure codes (Supplemental Table 1).
We sought to determine new persistent opioid use after surgery, and included only patients who filled an opioid prescription fill either in the month prior to surgery or within two weeks after discharge. Comparable to previous studies of opioid naïve surgical populations,7 (link),8 patients who had filled one or more prescriptions for opioids 12 months to 31 days prior to their surgical procedure were excluded from the analysis (Figure 1). To account for prescriptions provided preoperatively for postoperative pain control, patients filling opioids in the 30 days prior to surgery were included, and prescriptions filled in this time was included as a covariate in the analyses. Lastly, we excluded patients who underwent additional surgical procedures during the study period using subsequent procedural codes for anesthesia in the 6-month postoperative period.
As a comparison cohort of patients who did not undergo surgery, we identified a random 10% sample patients ages 18 to 64 years of age who did not undergo surgery in the study period We included only patients in the nonoperative group who did not fill an opioid prescription during a 12 month period and did not have any codes for surgical procedures or anesthesia during this period. These patients were then given a random date of surgery. No patients had an opioid fill in the year prior to their fictitious surgery date nor did they have any anesthesia codes in the 6 months following their fictitious surgery date.
Brummett C.M., Waljee J., Goesling J., Moser S., Lin P., Englesbe M., Bohnert A., Kheterpal S, & Nallamothu B.K. (2017). New Persistent Opioid Use After Minor and Major Surgery in U.S. Adults. JAMA surgery, 152(6), e170504.
Publication 2017
Adult AN 12 Anesthesia Appendectomy Bariatric Surgery Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic Colectomy Elective Surgical Procedures Ethics Committees, Research Hemorrhoidectomy Herniorrhaphy Hysterectomy Laparoscopy Managed Care Minor Surgical Procedures Operative Surgical Procedures Opioids Pain, Postoperative Parathyroidectomy Patient Discharge Patients Prescription Drugs Prostate Surgery, Day Thyroidectomy Varices Youth
2
Intraoperative Parathyroid Viability Assessment in Thyroidectomy
The study enrolled patients from September 2014 until February 2016, and was approved by the Ethics Review Board of the University Hospitals of Geneva (HUG 08‐2014). The trial was registered at http://clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02249780). Written informed consent was obtained from all study participants.
Thyroid surgery was performed by three experienced surgeons, using a standard protocol. The recurrent laryngeal nerve was identified during the procedure using neural monitoring (NIM 3.0®; Medtronic, Dublin, Ireland). No systematic search for parathyroid glands during total thyroidectomy was done and the dissection was performed close to the thyroid gland. Once the thyroid specimen had been removed, it was actively searched for parathyroid glands, which were then prepared for reimplantation if needed. The number of parathyroid glands identified in each patient was recorded.
After the thyroid gland had been removed, intraoperative angiography was performed on the identified parathyroid glands using a near‐infrared camera (Pinpoint®; Novadaq, Toronto, Ontario, Canada). ICG (2·5 mg/ml) was prepared as described previously and injected intravenously29, 31. Repeated doses were allowed until a maximum toxic dose of 5 mg/kg was reached. Approximately 1–2 min later, images were acquired by the near‐infrared system and recorded. Each identified parathyroid gland was classified according to the degree of ICG fluorescence: ICG score 0, a black parathyroid gland after the injection of ICG, indicating a non‐vascularized gland; ICG score 1, a grey or heterogeneous parathyroid gland, suggesting that the gland is partially vascularized; or ICG score 2, a white parathyroid gland, indicating that the gland is well vascularized (Fig. 1)29, 31. If there was discordance between surgeons in evaluating ICG fluorescence, the lowest value was taken into account.
Patients with at least one well perfused parathyroid gland (ICG score 2) were considered eligible for randomization. Study inclusion criteria were: adult patients undergoing total thyroidectomy or completion thyroidectomy with an ICG score of 2 in at least one identified parathyroid gland, and a signed informed consent. Exclusion criteria were: concurrent parathyroid disease or combined surgery (thyroidectomy and parathyroidectomy); ICG score below 2 for all identified parathyroid glands; postoperative bleeding requiring reintervention; lack of informed consent; and altered mental status. Randomization was performed by the surgical team after ICG angiography at the end of the surgical procedure, by opening a sealed envelope.
Vidal Fortuny J., Sadowski S.M., Belfontali V., Guigard S., Poncet A., Ris F., Karenovics W, & Triponez F. (2018). Randomized clinical trial of intraoperative parathyroid gland angiography with indocyanine green fluorescence predicting parathyroid function after thyroid surgery. The British Journal of Surgery, 105(4), 350-357.
Publication 2018
Adult Angiography Dissection Fluorescence Genetic Heterogeneity Nervousness Operative Surgical Procedures Parathyroid Diseases Parathyroidectomy Parathyroid Gland Patients Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Respiratory Diaphragm Surgeons Surgical Replantation Thyroidectomy Thyroid Gland
3
Thyroidectomy Outcomes and Quality of Life
Patients planning to undergo thyroidectomy were recruited between January and December 2010 with the following criteria: (1) age 25-80 years, (2) diagnosed with differentiated thyroid carcinoma, and (3) no previous cancer history. Based on these criteria, 272 patients were eligible for inclusion in the analyses. All participants underwent thyroidectomy as described previously [15 (link)]. The surgical procedures were performed by experienced thyroid surgeons. Prophylactic or therapeutic central neck dissection, which included the pretracheal, prelaryngeal, and paratracheal nodes, was performed on all patients. RAI therapy was recommended 2-4 months after surgery, depending on the risk stratifications included in the guidelines of the American Thyroid Association, after a full interdisciplinary discussion [16 (link)]. All enrolled patients were followed for > 12 months. KT-QoL and Voice Handicap Index 30 (VHI-30) were taken preoperatively and at 1 month, 6 months, and 12 months after surgery. All participants provided a written informed consent according to the policies and procedures approved by the institutional review board of the National Cancer Center, Korea (NCCNCS-09-294).
Ryu C.H., Park B., Ryu J., Ryu Y.M., Jo S.A., Lee Y.J., Lee E.K., Hwangbo Y., Joo J, & Jung Y.S. (2017). Development and Evaluation of a Korean Version of a Thyroid-Specific Quality-of-Life Questionnaire Scale in Thyroid Cancer Patients. Cancer Research and Treatment : Official Journal of Korean Cancer Association, 50(2), 405-415.
Publication 2017
Carcinoma, Thyroid Condoms Ethics Committees, Research Malignant Neoplasms Neck Dissection Operative Surgical Procedures Patients Surgeons Therapeutics Thyroidectomy Thyroid Gland
4
Thyroid Tumor Tissue Collection
Specimens from 180 patients (49 men and 131 women; 47 ± 13 years of age) whose fresh frozen thyroid tissue after thyroid surgery were collected from March 2007 to January 2014. We could collect 180 tumor tissue samples (25 FAs, 30 FTCs, 48 FVPTCs, and 77 cPTCs) and 81 paired-normal tissue samples that matched with their tumor tissues. The diagnosis of each sample was determined based on pathological findings from thyroid specimens obtained after thyroidectomy. The clinical information of study subjects is shown in S6 Table. There were no patients who were exposed radiation previously.
Yoo S.K., Lee S., Kim S.J., Jee H.G., Kim B.A., Cho H., Song Y.S., Cho S.W., Won J.K., Shin J.Y., Park D.J., Kim J.I., Lee K.E., Park Y.J, & Seo J.S. (2016). Comprehensive Analysis of the Transcriptional and Mutational Landscape of Follicular and Papillary Thyroid Cancers. PLoS Genetics, 12(8), e1006239.
Publication 2016
Diagnosis Emtricitabine Freezing Neoplasms Operative Surgical Procedures Patients Radiotherapy Thyroidectomy Thyroid Gland Tissues Woman
5
Neck fat characterization and lineage
This study followed institutional guidelines and was approved by the Human Studies Institutional Review Boards of Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Joslin Diabetes Center, and Massachusetts General Hospital. Individuals were identified either by Dr. White prior to anterior cervical spine surgery or by Dr. Hasselgren prior to thyroidectomy, and written informed consented was obtained by other study staff prior to surgery. All people undergoing thyroidectomies had TSH values within the normal range. There were two independent cohorts: for anatomical localization and comparison to mouse adipose tissue depots, neck fat from18 individuals was studied. For lineage tracing, neck fat from13 different people was studied. Healthy volunteers for the MRI imaging were recruited via electronic advertisements.
Cypess A.M., White A.P., Vernochet C., Schulz T.J., Xue R., Sass C.A., Huang T.L., Roberts-Toler C., Weiner L.S., Sze C., Chacko A.T., Deschamps L.N., Herder L.M., Truchan N., Glasgow A.L., Holman A.R., Gavrila A., Hasselgren P.O., Mori M.A., Molla M, & Tseng Y.H. (2013). Anatomical Localization, Gene Expression Profiling, and Functional Characterization of Adult Human Neck Brown Fat. Nature medicine, 19(5), 635-639.
Publication 2013
Cervical Vertebrae Diabetes Mellitus Ethics Committees, Research Healthy Volunteers Homo sapiens Mus Neck Operative Surgical Procedures Thyroidectomy

Most recents protocols related to «Thyroidectomy»

1
Retrospective Study of Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma
The present retrospective study considered a consecutive series of adult patients referred to the Endocrine Unit of Careggi Hospital from February 2003 to February 2022, and who provided an informed consent. Inclusion criteria are: i) total thyroidectomy with a diagnosis of MTC on histology; ii) availability of histological, clinical and biochemical data; iii) absence of distant metastasis (M0) at diagnosis (by negative preoperative thoracic and abdomen computer tomography evaluation). Exclusion criteria are: i) absence of histological or biochemical information; ii) follow-up performed outside from the Endocrine Unit of Careggi Hospital; iii) presence of significant comorbidities (i.e. chronic renal failure) and/or ongoing medications interfering with CT assessments (i.e. pump proton inhibitors).
For each patient, we collected all clinical (gender, age at diagnosis, follow-up length), histological (including tumour size, multifocality, vascularization, number of metastatic lymph nodes at diagnosis), biochemical (CT and CEA measurements at diagnosis and during follow-up) and radiological information. In particular, neck ultrasound (US) results were available for 79% and 77% of cases at six months and one-year follow-up, respectively.
Biochemical tests have been performed in Careggi Hospital and CT measurement has been performed by chemiluminescence immunoassay LIAISON® XL (DiaSorin).
According to the results of the last available follow-up, each patient has been classified as complete response (CR) if: undetectable CT values (CT values below the lower reference limit of 0.1 pg/ml), normal CEA values and negative radiological assessment; persistent disease (PD) if: detectable serum CT and/or radiological evidence of diseases.
All histology has been classified according to the AJCC VIII edition (10 ). Germline and/or somatic assessment of RET mutations have been collected, when available (91% and 51%, respectively).
The present study was approved by the Local Ethics Committee (Comitato Etico Area Vasta Centro-CEAVC, Florence, Tuscany, Italy) and conducted in compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki principles.
Sparano C., Adornato V., Puccioni M., Zago E., Perigli G., Badii B., Santoro R., Maggi M, & Petrone L. (2023). Early calcitonin levels in medullary thyroid carcinoma: Prognostic role in patients without distant metastases at diagnosis. Frontiers in Oncology, 13, 1120799.
Publication 2023
Abdomen Adult Chemiluminescent Assays Chronic Kidney Diseases Diagnosis Diploid Cell Gender Germ Line inhibitors Mutation Neck Neoplasm Metastasis Neoplasms Nodes, Lymph Pathologic Neovascularization Patients Pharmaceutical Preparations Protons Regional Ethics Committees Serum System, Endocrine Thyroidectomy Tomography Ultrasonography X-Rays, Diagnostic
2
Surgical Outcomes of Papillary Thyroid Cancer
The present study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by Ethics Committee of Nara Medical University (Approval no. 3048). Written informed consent was obtained from all patients involved. Between January, 2009 to December, 2018, 274 patients with PTC underwent lobectomy or total thyroidectomy at Nara Medical University (Kashihara, Japan) with or without paratracheal or lateral cervical lymph node dissection as an initial treatment. Patients were excluded if they were lost to follow-up for >3 years, had a history of distant metastasis at the time of the initial diagnosis, and had not undergone complete resection.
Masui T., Adachi S., Uemura H., Kimura T, & Kitahara T. (2023). Risk factors for the lateral cervical lymph node metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma: A clinical study. Molecular and Clinical Oncology, 18(4), 25.
Publication 2023
Diagnosis Ethics Committees Lymph Node Excision Neck Neoplasm Metastasis Patients Thyroidectomy
3
Clinicopathological Predictors of PTC
In this study, a total of 3359 PTC patients who had undergone first-time thyroidectomy to treat thyroid carcinoma at two centers (center#1: Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital; center#2: Binzhou Medical University Hospital) were enrolled from March 2011 to June 2018. Data from center#1 were randomly divided into two groups as follows: 70% for a training cohort (n=2114) and 30% for an internal validation cohort(n=906), respectively. Data from center#2 (n = 339) were used for an external validation cohort. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital(No. bc2020190), and the requirements for informed consent were waived.
Total thyroidectomy or thyroid lobectomy with therapeutic or prophylactic lymph node dissection was performed for patients. Ipsilateral central neck lymph node dissection (CLND) was routinely performed, total thyroidectomy with bilateral CLND was performed for patients with bilateral PTC or patients with clinical evidence of contralateral CLNM. At the center#1, the inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) the diagnosis of the primary site was pathologically proven PTC by postoperative pathology; (2) cervical lymph node dissection was performed and pathologically examined; (3) all patients had undergone preoperative cervical ultrasonography to assess the status of the primary site and central cervical lymph nodes; and (4) BRAFV600E analysis was necessary. The exclusion criteria were as follows: (1) the patient had undergone preoperative radiofrequency ablation, radiotherapy or chemotherapy; (2) other malignant tumors were present; and (3) the preoperative ultrasound image was absent or insufficient. All pathology specimens were reviewed retrospectively by two or more experienced pathologists. At the center#2, we have the same inclusion criteria, but the BRAFV600E analysis is not within the scope of the record.
Chang L., Zhang Y., Zhu J., Hu L., Wang X., Zhang H., Gu Q., Chen X., Zhang S., Gao M, & Wei X. (2023). An integrated nomogram combining deep learning, clinical characteristics and ultrasound features for predicting central lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid cancer: A multicenter study. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 14, 964074.
Publication 2023
Carcinoma, Thyroid Condoms Diagnosis Lymph Node Dissection Malignant Neoplasms Neck Nodes, Lymph Pathologists Patients Pharmacotherapy Radiofrequency Ablation Radiotherapy Therapeutics Thyroidectomy Thyroid Gland Ultrasonography
4
Retrospective Study of Thyroid Surgeries
This retrospective study was carried out in King Salman Armed Forces Hospital, Northwestern Region, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia, between January 2015 and December 2021. We enrolled 437 male and female patients who underwent thyroid surgeries. Patients with symptomatic preoperative RLN palsy were excluded.
Data were retrieved from the patients’ medical records. Intraoperative vocal cord assessment was carried out before extubation via direct laryngoscopy if there was a concern during the procedure. Moreover, vocal cords were assessed via indirect laryngoscopy in patients who developed postoperative voice changes. Additionally, all patients were evaluated clinically 2-3 weeks after surgery. Nerve monitors were not used in either case.
We routinely visualize the RLN during surgery at our institution. Routine preoperative vocal cord assessment was not carried out at our center unless there were compressive symptoms, such as voice changes or prior redo surgery.
The records included demographic information (age and gender), final pathology (benign vs. malignant), and surgical extent (hemi, subtotal, completion, or total thyroidectomies).
The study was approved by the Review Board of King Salman Armed Forces Hospital, Northwestern Region, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia (approval number KSAFH-REC-2017166) and was carried out according to principles set forth in the Declaration of Helsinki. The informed consent was not required due to the retrospective design of the study.
Alqahtani S.M., Al-sohabi H.R., Rayzah M.F., Alatawi A.S., AlFattani A.A, & Alalawi Y.S. (2023). Recurrent laryngeal nerve injury after thyroidectomy: A national study from Saudi Arabia. Saudi Medical Journal, 44(1), 80-84.
Publication 2023
Dysphonia Gender Laryngoscopy Males Military Personnel Nervousness Operative Surgical Procedures Patients Thyroidectomy Thyroid Gland Tracheal Extubation Vocal Cords Woman
5
Factors Associated with RLN Injury
All statistical analyses were carried out using the Statistical Packages for the Soccial Sciences, version 22.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). Data are presented as frequencies and percentages for quantitative variables and as means and standard deviations (SD) for continuous variables. To determine the relationship between the RLN injury and extent of thyroidectomy and other factors we used Chi-square independent test or Fisher’s exact test were appropriate. A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant.
Alqahtani S.M., Al-sohabi H.R., Rayzah M.F., Alatawi A.S., AlFattani A.A, & Alalawi Y.S. (2023). Recurrent laryngeal nerve injury after thyroidectomy: A national study from Saudi Arabia. Saudi Medical Journal, 44(1), 80-84.
Publication 2023
Injuries Thyroidectomy

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More about "Thyroidectomy"

Thyroidectomy is a surgical procedure involving the removal of all or part of the thyroid gland, a vital endocrine organ located in the neck.
This operation is commonly performed to treat various thyroid conditions, such as thyroid cancer, thyroid nodules, or hyperthyroidism.
The procedure can be a complete (total) or partial (hemithyroidectomy) removal of the thyroid, depending on the specific medical needs.
Effective thyroidectomy requires careful consideration of the potential risks and benefits.
Patients undergoing this surgery typically require close medical monitoring and may need lifelong thyroid hormone replacement therapy to maintain optimal thyroid function.
Optimizing the research and protocols around thyroidectomy can help improve outcomes and enhance reproducibility for this important surgical intervention.
When conducting thyroidectomy research, researchers may utilize related techniques and materials, such as Collagenase type II for cell isolation, RPMI 1640 media for cell culture, FBS for cell growth supplement, RNAlater for RNA preservation, and SPSS or SAS statistical software for data analysis.
Additionally, molecular markers like Cyclin D1 and BCPAP cell line may be relevant for studying thyroid cancer.
The PLT-1005BT probe can be used for the detection of Langerin/CD207, a marker associated with dendritic cells involved in immune responses.
Optimizing thyroidectomy research and protocols is crucial for enhancing the reproducibility and accuracy of this surgical procedure, ultimately leading to improved patient outcomes and advancements in the management of thyroid disorders.
PubCompare.ai's AI-driven platform can assist researchers in locating the most reliable protocols from literature, pre-prints, and patents, empowering them to make informed decisions and drive progress in this important field of medicine.