Gc grade dichloromethane

Manufactured by Merck Group

Sourced in United States, Germany

GC-grade dichloromethane is a highly pure solvent used in gas chromatography (GC) analysis. It is a colorless, volatile liquid with a characteristic odor. This product meets the strict purity requirements for GC applications, ensuring reliable and consistent performance in analytical procedures.

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7 protocols using gc grade dichloromethane

Volatile Compounds in Coffee Berry Infested by Hypothenemus hampei

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Headspace volatiles were collected from the H. hampei infested coffee berries for each of the H. hampei stages of infestation inside the berry, 2, 5, 15 and 30 days after the initial infestation for each group (2, 4 and 6 H. hampei females/berry). Volatiles were collected for 36 hr from each odour source by aeration and adsorption on pre-cleaned (methanol, dichloromethane, pentane, nitrogen-dried) charcoal filters (5 mg; Part No. 91006015; Brechbühler, Schlierensee, Switzerland). Each filter was connected by PVC tubing (Masteflex. 06409-15 Tygon mfg by St. Gobain) to a mobile battery operated pump (PAS-500 Personal Air Sampler, Supelco, Bellefonte, PA, USA), which pulled volatiles through the filter at a flow rate of 348 ml/min. All the filters were eluted with 100 µL of GC-grade dichloromethane (Sigma Aldrich, Gillingham, UK), and the eluents were stored at −80°C in a 200 µl microtube vial insert placed inside a 1.5 ml glass vial (Sun Sri, TN, USA) with a PTFE lined cap prior to analysis.

Njihia T.N., Jaramillo J., Murungi L., Mwenda D., Orindi B., Poehling H.M, & Torto B. (2014). Spiroacetals in the Colonization Behaviour of the Coffee Berry Borer: A ‘Push-Pull’ System. PLoS ONE, 9(11), e111316.

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Profiling Pepper Plant Root Volatiles

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Thirty pepper plants each of the cultivars or accession were pre-conditioned for volatile sampling in glass chambers for 3–5 days. Volatiles were collected for 24 hr on a pre-cleaned (dichloromethane and nitrogen dried) Super Q (30 mg, Analytical Research System, Gainesville, Florida, USA) adsorbent. Each adsorbent was connected to a steel probe (17 cm long, 0.5 cm i.d.) inserted in the plant sand root zone in the glass chamber. The probe was connected to a vacuum pump that extracted volatiles from the soil at 170 ml/min. Cleaned charcoal filters (activated charcoal) were used to cover the sand to prevent adsorption of other VOCs from the surrounding air. The Super Q filters were eluted with 200 μl of GC-grade dichloromethane (Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, Missouri, USA) and concentrated to 50 μl under a stream of nitrogen to enable detection of compounds that are present in very trace amounts when carrying out GC-MS analysis. The experiment was carried out in triplicates to quantify the amounts of identified components in the root volatiles of pepper plants. Each growth chamber containing 30 plants was considered as a replicate. For the control, volatiles were collected similarly from 300 g of pre-conditioned sand.

Kihika R., Murungi L.K., Coyne D., Ng’ang’a M., Hassanali A., Teal P.E, & Torto B. (2017). Parasitic nematode Meloidogyne incognita interactions with different Capsicum annum cultivars reveal the chemical constituents modulating root herbivory. Scientific Reports, 7, 2903.

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Olfactory Cues for M. analis Intercaste Communication

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To determine the olfactory cues used for inter-caste communication by M. analis workers, volatiles were collected separately from major and minor workers and a combination of the two castes in the following treatments: a) 20 majors; b) 10 majors: 10 minors (mixed workers); c) 20 minors. The ants were placed in 2L cylindrical glass containers with single-port lids (Analytical Research Systems INC, Gainesville, FL, USA) and charcoalpurified humidified air was passed over the ants and through a Super Q trap (30 mg) at 0.5 L/min for 22 hr as described in (Yusuf et al. 2014b) . Prior to connecting the adsorbent traps, the collection chambers were purged by passing humidified air through them for 20 min to allow the ants to settle down in the containers, and to flush out potential alarm pheromones released during handling of the ants. Each filter was eluted with 200 μL of GC-grade dichloromethane (Sigma Aldrich St. Louis, MO, USA) and the eluent stored at -20 °C prior to analysis. This procedure was repeated using worker ants from three different colonies.
The cuticular hydrocarbon profile of workers from Côte d'Ivoire and Mozambique were extracted for 10 min in 1 ml of Hexane. Afterwards the extracts were transported to the University of Würzburg (Germany) and stored at -20 °C until use.

Yusuf A.A., Frank E.T., Fombong A.T., Pirk C.W.W., Crewe R.M., Schmitt T., Strube-Bloss M., Gordon I, & Torto B. (2020). Odor-Mediated Group Organization and Coordination in the Termite-Raiding Ant Megaponera analis (Mayr). Chemical senses, 45(8).

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Volatile Organic Compound Sampling from Apple

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VOCs were collected from M. 9 domestica M9 by closedloop-stripping-analysis (CLSA) (Boland et al., 1984; Kunert et al., 2009) (link). An absorbent trap loaded with 1.5 mg of activated charcoal (CLSA-filter; Gr€ anicher Daniel, Daumazan sur Arize, France) was attached to a Teflon tube fixed to the inlet valve of a small 12-V graphite vacuum pump (F€ urgut, Tannheim, Germany); a Teflon tube was also attached to the outlet valve. These were passed through the two holes at the top of the rhizobox (Figure 1), such that the pump circulated air at a rate of 1 l per min within the rhizobox and trapped VOCs from the root-containing soil onto the activated charcoal. In the case of VOC sampling from leaf-bearing shoots of M9, the shoots bearing ca. 25-30 leaves were enclosed within a Cuki â oven bag (Cofresco, Volpiano, Italy) and the graphite vacuum pump with the CLSA filter attached was fixed at the top of the enclosure. The pump was powered by 7.5 V of energy from a laboratory DC power supply (GW Instek, Shanghai, China). VOCs were collected in three experiments described below; each collection process lasted 3 h.
All trapped VOC samples were eluted from the CLSA filters with 100 ll of GC grade dichloromethane (Sigma-Aldrich, Milan, Italy). The elutes were stored in a freezer at À80 °C pending gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis.

Abraham J., Giacomuzzi V, & Angeli S. (2015). Root damage to apple plants by cockchafer larvae induces a change in volatile signals below‐ and above‐ground. Entomologia experimentalis et applicata, 156(3).

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Saturated Alkane and Terpene Analysis

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C7–C40 saturated alkane standard mix and Na₂SO₄ were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Milan, Italy). Terpene standards (≥98%) were purchased from Extrasynthese (Genay, France). GC-grade dichloromethane was purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany).

Smeriglio A., Trombetta D., Cornara L., Valussi M., De Feo V, & Caputo L. (2019). Characterization and Phytotoxicity Assessment of Essential Oils from Plant Byproducts. Molecules, 24(16), 2941.

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Phytochemical Isolation and Characterization

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GC–MS Lyophilized CCF was dissolved in GC grade dichloromethane (Merck) and derivatized with BSTFA (Sigma) following manufacturer’s protocol and run in an Agilent HP5 column (30 × 0.25x0.2) in temperature gradient of 70–260 °C with a ramping rate of 5 °C/min and helium flow of 1 ml/min in a GC/MS system (Agilent 7890A-5975C). Detection and identification of the isolated phytochemicals was done by NIST 2011 library.
LC–MS Lyophilized CCF was dissolved in HPLC grade methanol (Merck) and 3 µl of extract was injected in an Agilent G1316C column and run for 30 min with water and acetonitrile as mobile phase. The system is interfaced to a TOF/ Q-TOF mass spectrometer with an ion source analyzer- Dual AJSESI. The analysis was done from IIT, Mumbai.
Column chromatography A slurry was made from concentrated CCF and loaded in a glass column having silica gel (60–120). Elution was started with petroleum ether and then increasing concentrations of ethyl acetate and later with methanol. Sub-fractions were collected, concentrated and pooled. Pure fractions were tested for their cytotoxicity by MTT assay. Cytotoxic fractions were identified by NMR, ESI–MS studies.

Majumder I., Paul S., Nag A, & Kundu R. (2020). Chloroform fraction of Chaetomorpha brachygona, a marine green alga from Indian Sundarbans inducing autophagy in cervical cancer cells in vitro. Scientific Reports, 10, 21784.

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Optimized Multiresidue Analytical Protocol

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Magnesium sulfate and sodium chloride were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). GC-grade dichloromethane (≥99% purity) was purchased from Merck Chemical Co. Inc. (Darmstadt, Germany). OTA and 4-methyl-2-pentanol were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). n-Alkanes (C7–C30) were obtained from Supelco (Bellefonte, PA, USA). Primary secondary amine (PSA), C18 (octadecyl) and graphitized carbon black (GCB) were purchased from Agela Technologies (Tianjin, China). Graphite powder (99.8%) was purchased from Shanghai Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). HPLC-grade acetonitrile (ACN) and formic acid (99% purity) were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Ultra-pure water was obtained using a Milli-Q purification system (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA).

Guo Y., Wang Z., He Y., Gao H, & Shi H. (2024). Profiling of Volatile Compounds in ‘Muscat Hamburg’ Contaminated with Aspergillus carbonarius before OTA Biosynthesis Based on HS-SPME-GC-MS and DLLME-GC-MS. Molecules, 29(3), 567.

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