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Cytometric bead array human th1 th2 cytokine kit 2

Manufactured by BD
Sourced in United States, Germany

The BD Cytometric Bead Array Human Th1/Th2 Cytokine Kit II is a laboratory equipment product designed for the simultaneous quantitative measurement of multiple human cytokines. It utilizes flow cytometry technology to detect and analyze the levels of different cytokines in a sample.

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18 protocols using cytometric bead array human th1 th2 cytokine kit 2

1

Cytokine Secretion in Co-culture

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Target cells were seeded at 5 × 104 cells/well in a 96-well plate and co-incubated with effector cells at an E:T ratio of 2:1 for 24 h. Cytokine concentrations in the culture supernatant were measured with the BD Cytometric Bead Array Human Th1/Th2 Cytokine Kit II (BD Biosciences).
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2

Assessing Immune Function after HANK Cell Infusion

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Lymphocyte subsets were detected by flow cytometry (FACSCanto™ II; BD). Peripheral blood (2 mL) was drawn to assess the level of immune function before and after the HANK cell infusion. The number of CD3+CD8+ (reference range: 125–1312 cells/μL), CD3+CD4+ (reference range: 441–2156 cells/μL), CD3CD16+CD56+ (reference range: 95–640 cells/μL), total CD3+ (reference range: 603–2990 cells/μL), and CD3CD19+ (reference range: 107–698 cells/μL) cells was detected by the BD Multitest 6-color TBNK Reagent (BD Biosciences). The BD Cytometric Bead Array Human Th1/Th2 Cytokine Kit II (No. 551,809; BD) was used to detect the expression of IL-2 (reference range: 8–12.5 pg/mL), IL-4 (reference range: 3.5–6 pg/mL), IL-6 (reference range: 2.7–8.5 pg/mL), IL-10 (reference range: 1.8–4 pg/mL), tumor necrosis factor-β (reference range: 1.7–2.5 pg/mL), and interferon-γ (reference range: 1.5–4 pg/mL). These factors are inhibited by tumor proliferation, and the level of these cytokines is indicative of the potency of the antitumor response elicited by the immune system.30 (link)
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3

Characterizing B7-H3 Expression and CAR-T Cell Function

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Human B7-H3 expression on cell surface of tumor cells was detected using anti-B7-H3 IgG 8H9, followed by a fluorescently-labeled anti-human Fc antibody. For cytokine measurement of CAR-T cells, target cells (A549 and HCT 116) were seeded at 1 × 105 cells/well in a 96-well plate and co-incubated with effector B7-H3-CAR T cells at an E:T ratio of 10:1 for 6 h or 24 h. Cytokine (IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α) secretion in the culture supernatants was measured using BD™ Cytometric Bead Array Human Th1/Th2 Cytokine Kit II (BD Biosciences) following the manufacture’s instruction. To determine T cell differentiation, CAR-T cells were co-incubated with tumor cells (A549 and HCT 116) in a E:T of 10:1 for 6–24 h, followed by antibody staining for CD3, CD4, CD8, CD107a, CCR7, CD62L, and apoptosis dyes (7-AAD and Annexin V). For measurement for intracellular perforin and granzyme B, T cells were fixed and permeabilized, followed by stained with an anti-perforin antibody and an anti-granzyme B antibody, respectively. All samples were analyzed using the CytoFLEX S (Beckman Coulter) or Accuri™ C6 (BD Biosciences) flow cytometry. Data were processed using FlowJo software.
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4

Immune Function Assessment by Flow Cytometry

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Peripheral blood sample (2 mL) was drawn 1 day before treatment and 1 month after the final transfusion for the detection of immune function by flow cytometry (FACSanto™ II; BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA, USA). The number and function of lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of patients were tested based on the protocols described in the instruction manuals. The BD Multitest 6-color TBNK Reagent (BD Biosciences) was used to detect the number of CD3+ CD4+ cells (95% CI, 441–2,156 cells/μL), CD3+ CD8+ cells (95% CI, 125–1,312 cells/μL), total CD3+ cells (95% CI, 603–2,990 cells/μL), CD3−CD19+ cells (95% CI, 107–698 cells/μL), and CD3−CD16+ CD56+ cells (95% CI, 95–640 cells/μL). The BD Cytometric Bead Array Human Th1/Th2 Cytokine Kit II (BD Biosciences) was used to detect the expression levels of interleukin 2 (IL-2) (95% CI, 8–12.5 pg/mL), IL-4 (95% CI, 3.5–6 pg/mL), IL-6 (95% CI, 2.7–8.5 pg/mL), IL-10 (95% CI, 1.8–4 pg/mL), tumor necrosis factor (95% CI, 1.7–2.5 pg/mL), and interferon gamma (95% CI, 1.5–4 pg/mL). The tests were performed according to the protocols given in the instruction manuals. Results above or within the reference range were considered to indicate normal immune function. Patients with one or more than one parameter exhibiting below normal values were considered to have immune dysfunction.
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5

T-Cell Cytokine Production Assay

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To assess T-cell cytokine production, T cells were incubated at 105 cells/100 μL media/well in 96-well U-bottom plates in the presence or absence of 5 ng/mL TGF-β for 24 hours. Cytokine production in culture supernatant was measured with the BD Cytometric Bead Array Human Th1/Th2 Cytokine Kit II (BD Biosciences) according to manufacturer’s instructions. Results were collected by flow cytometry and analyzed using the FCAP Array v3.0.1 software (BD Biosciences). For intracellular cytokine staining, T cells were incubated at 105 cells/100 μL media/well in 96-well plates in the presence of 5 μg/mL Brefeldin A (BioLegend) and indicated levels of TGF-β for 24 hours. Cells were fixed with 1.5% formaldehyde; permeabilized with ice-cold methanol; stained with antibody binding to TNF-α (clone Mab11), IFN-γ (clone 4S.B3), and IL-2 (clone MQ1–17H12) (all from BioLegend); and assessed by flow cytometry.
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6

Cytokine Profiling in Biocompatibility

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The supernatants were analyzed for cytokines (Il-2, IL6, IL10, TNF, IFNγ) during Biocompatibility Testing using the BD™ Cytometric Bead Array Human Th1/Th2 Cytokine Kit II (CBA, BD Biosciences, Germany) on a FACScan9235 device (Becton Dickinson Immocytometry Systems, Germany). For the Stability Test of the Antigens, the MILLIPLEX® Human Cytokine/Chemokine/Growth Factor Panel A—Immunology Multiplex Assay, Merck, Germany was used on a MagPix device (Luminex Corporation, Austin, Texas) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Results are provided as mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) or concentration (pg/mL) where indicated.
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7

COVID-19 Serum Biomarker Profiling

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Serum samples from 49 patients with COVID-19 were assayed for the presence of Syndecan-1 (Abcam, Cambridge, UK) and thrombomodulin (Beijing 4A Biotech Co., Ltd, Beijing, China) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits according to each manufacturer’s instruction. The measurement of Syndecan-1 and thrombomodulin was repeated twice for each sample, and the mean value was taken as the finally determined value. The measurement of cytokines was performed using the BD™ Cytometric Bead Array Human Th1/Th2 Cytokine kit II (BD Biosciences, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA) as previously described (Sciammarella et al. 2020 (link)). Each sample was processed in triplicate and the data were expressed as mean ± SD.
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8

CAR-T Cell Cytokine Profiling

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Target cells were seeded at 5 × 104 cells/well in a 96-well plate and coincubated with effector cells at an E:T ratio of 2:1 for 24 h. Effector-cell seeding was based on CAR+ T-cell count. Cytokine concentrations in the culture supernatant were measured using BD Cytometric Bead Array Human Th1/Th2 Cytokine Kit II (BD Biosciences), and data were analyzed using FCAP Array v3.0.1 Software.
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9

T-Cell Cytokine Production Assay

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To assess T-cell cytokine production, T cells were incubated at 105 cells/100 μL media/well in 96-well U-bottom plates in the presence or absence of 5 ng/mL TGF-β for 24 hours. Cytokine production in culture supernatant was measured with the BD Cytometric Bead Array Human Th1/Th2 Cytokine Kit II (BD Biosciences) according to manufacturer’s instructions. Results were collected by flow cytometry and analyzed using the FCAP Array v3.0.1 software (BD Biosciences). For intracellular cytokine staining, T cells were incubated at 105 cells/100 μL media/well in 96-well plates in the presence of 5 μg/mL Brefeldin A (BioLegend) and indicated levels of TGF-β for 24 hours. Cells were fixed with 1.5% formaldehyde; permeabilized with ice-cold methanol; stained with antibody binding to TNF-α (clone Mab11), IFN-γ (clone 4S.B3), and IL-2 (clone MQ1–17H12) (all from BioLegend); and assessed by flow cytometry.
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10

Evaluating Immune Function Changes After IRE

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All adverse events and complications were observed closely as we have described previously [14] .
Curative effect evaluation index Immune function 2 mL peripheral blood was drawn to detect immune function and was assessed using flow cytometry (FACSCanto™ II; BD, Grand Island, NY, USA). The tested indices included lymphocyte number and function in the patients' peripheral blood. BD multitest 6-color TBNK reagent (no. 644611) was used to detect the number of CD3 + CD4 + cells (95% range: 441-2156/μL), CD3 + CD8 + cells (95% range: 125-1312/μL), total CD3 + cells (95% range: 603-2990/μL), CD3 -CD19 + cells (95% range: 107-698/μL), and CD3 -CD16 + CD56 + cells (95% range: 95-640/μL). BD Cytometric Bead Array Human Th1/Th2 Cytokine Kit II (no. 551809) was used to detect the expression levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2; 95% range: 8-12.5 pg/mL), IL-4 (95% range: 3.5-6 pg/mL), IL-6 (95% range: 2.7-8.5 pg/mL), IL-10 (95% range: 1.8-4 pg/mL), tumor necrosis factor (TNF; 95% range: 1.7-2.5 pg/mL), and interferon-γ (IFN-γ; 95% range: 1.5-4 pg/mL). The tests were performed according to the protocols in the instruction manuals. Results above or within the reference range were defined as normal immune function; one or more results below the reference range were defined as immune dysfunction. Peripheral blood drawn was 1 day before IRE and 3 days after IRE or IRE-NK.
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