Clemastine

Purified human monoclonal recombinant AQP4-IgG rAb-53 (AQP4-IgG) was provided by Dr. Jeffrey Bennett (Univ. Colorado Denver) as described [45 (link)]. Control human IgG (control-IgG) was purchased from Pierce Biotechnology (Rockford, IL, USA). Human complement (HC) was purchased from Innovative Research (Novil, MI, USA). Test drugs included clobetasol, miconazole, benztropine, clemastine, fumarate, retinoic acid and citicolone (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), enprofylline, olesoxime and quetiapine fumarate (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas, TX, USA), GC-1 and quercetin (Tocris Bioscience, Bristol, UK), fasudil (Tszchem, Lexington, MA, USA), and Y-27632 (BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA, USA); Triiodothyronine (T3, Calbiochem, Billerica, MA, USA) was used as positive control. Drugs were dissolved in 2.5 % DMSO + 2 % solutole in PBS. Unless otherwise specified all other chemicals and media were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich.

The FDA Pharmakon compound library was purchased from MicroSource Discovery Systems, Inc. (USA). Compounds (10 mM, dissolved in DMSO) were stored at -80 °C until use. Levamisole and ivermectin, used for the in vitro controls, were purchased from Fluka and Sigma-Aldrich, respectively (Buchs, Switzerland), dissolved at 10 mM stock solutions in DMSO, and stored at -20 °C until further use. For the in vivo studies, bitoscanate, chlorcyclizine HCl, clemastine, dicyclomine HCl, drofenine HCl, ethopropazine HCl, lansoprazole, metformin HCl, morantel, natamycin, trichlorfon, and trimipramine maleate were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich.