Zeiss Gemini SEM 500 instrument operating at 3 kV and 10 kV was used to validate the size of individual NAMs or arrangement of the individual AuNPs in the shell wall. NAMs are extracted from the liquid crystal host and re-dispersed in chloroform after we formed shells in cooling the Liquid crystal-functionalized gold nanoparticle mixture from isotropic to nematic as described earlier. Extracted NAMs were pipetted on Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) glass slides and dried the sample at 80 °C environment for 5 hours. The NAMs are imaged after chloroform is completely evaporated.
Absorption spectral measurements for gold nanoparticles in chloroform are performed using a PerkinElmer UV/Vis spectrophotometer.