Low endotoxin bovine serum albumin

Bronchial epithelial growth medium (BEGM) was obtained from Lonza (Mapleton, IL, USA). BEGM is supplemented with a number of growth factors, including bovine pituitary extract, insulin, hydrocortisone, hEGF, epinephine, triiodothyronine, transferrin, gentamicin/amphotericin-B and retinoic acid. Roswell Park Memorial Institute medium 1640 (RPMI 1640) was purchased from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA, USA). Low-endotoxin bovine serum albumin (BSA) and fetal bovine serum (FBS) were from Gemini Bio-Products (West Sacramento, CA, USA). Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Min-U-Sil was obtained from U.S. Silica (Frederick, MD, USA). All the MWCNT stock solutions were prepared using pure deionized water (DI H2O) with resistivity >18 Ω-cm.

The Beta-Glo® Assay System, CytoTox 96® Non-Radioactive Cytotoxicity Assay, GSH-Glo™ Glutathione Assay, CellTiter-Glo^® Luminescent Cell Viability Assay (ATP) and CellTiter 96^® AQueous One Solution Cell Proliferation Assay (MTS) were purchased from Promega (Madison, WI, USA); graphite flakes were provided by Asbury Graphite Mills; Hoechst 33342, FITC labeled Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA), Alexa Fluor 594-conjugated wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), Propidium iodide and Image-iT® Lipid Peroxidation Kit were purchased from Life Technologies (Grand Island, NY, USA). Min-U-Sil was obtained from U.S. Silica (Frederick, MD, USA). Bronchial epithelial growth medium (BEGM) was obtained from Lonza (Mapleton, IL, USA): this medium is supplemented with a number of growth factors, including bovine pituitary extract (BPE), insulin, hydrocortisone, hEGF, epinephrine, triiodothyronine, transferrin, gentamicin/amphotericin-B and retinoic acid. Roswell Park Memorial Institute medium 1640 (RPMI 1640) was purchased from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA, USA). Low-endotoxin bovine serum albumin (BSA) and fetal bovine serum (FBS) were purchased from Gemini Bio-Products (West Sacramento, CA, USA).

Bronchial epithelial growth medium (BEGM) was obtained from Lonza (Mapleton, IL, USA). BEGM is supplemented with a number of growth factors, including bovine pituitary extract, insulin, hydrocortisone, hEGF, epinephine, triiodothyronine, transferrin, gentamicin/amphotericin-B and retinoic acid. Roswell Park Memorial Institute medium 1640 (RPMI 1640) was purchased from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA, USA). Low-endotoxin bovine serum albumin (BSA) and fetal bovine serum (FBS) were from Gemini Bio-Products (West Sacramento, CA, USA). Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Min-U-Sil was obtained from U.S. Silica (Frederick, MD, USA). All the SWCNT, graphene or graphene oxide stock solutions were prepared using pure deionized water (DI H₂O) with resistivity >18 Ω-cm.