Oil red o solution

N-acetylcysteine (NAC, C5H₉NO₃S) was purchased from Sigma (St. Louis, MO). RNeasy Tissue kit was from Qiagen (Valencia, CA). First-strand cDNA synthesis system was obtained from OriGene (Rockville, MD). PerfeCTa® SYBR® Green FastMix was acquired from Quanta BioSciences (Gaithersburg, MD). Mercodia Insulin ELISA kit was from Mercodia Developing Diagnostics (Winston Salem, NC). A TUREtrack glucose meter was purchased from Nipro Diagnostics Inc. (Fort Lauderdale, FL). Oil Red O solution was obtained from Electron Microscopy Science (Hatfield, PA). Cholesterol and triglyceride commercial kits were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. (Waltham, MA). High-fat diet (60% kJ/fat) was purchased from Bio-serv (Frenchtown, NJ, catalog number S3282). C57BL/6 mice were purchased from the Charles River Laboratories (Wilmington, MA).

Chlorogenic acid (CGA) was purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, Michigan). The TRIZOL reagent and the SuperScript® III First-Strand Synthesis System are from Life Technologies (Grand Island, NY). The RNeasy Lipid Tissue Mini Kit was from Qiagen (Valencia, CA). PerfeCTa® SYBR® Green FastMix was acquired from Quanta BioSciences (Gaithersburg, MD). The Oil Red O solution was obtained from Electron Microscopy Science (Hatfield, PA). Infinity™ Triglycerides kit was purchased from Fisher Diagnostics (Middletown, VA). Total cholesterol assay kit was from Genzyme Diagnostics (Charlottetown, PE Canada) and NEFA-HR assay kits for free fatty acid was from Wako Bioproducts (Richmond, VA). The Mercodia Insulin ELISA kit was purchased from Mercodia Developing Diagnostics (Winston Salem, NC). A TUREtrack glucometer and test strips were purchased from Nipro Diagnostics, Inc. (Fort Lauderdale, FL). High-fat diet (F3282, 60% kJ/fat) was purchased from Bio-serv (Frenchtown, NJ). C57BL/6 mice were purchased from Charles River (Wilmington, MA).