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Axio observer light microscope

Manufactured by Zeiss
Sourced in Germany

The Axio Observer Light Microscope is a high-performance optical microscope designed for a wide range of applications. It features a stable, ergonomic design and advanced optical components to deliver precise, high-quality imaging. The microscope is equipped with a range of illumination options and can accommodate a variety of specimen types and observation techniques, making it a versatile tool for various research and analysis tasks.

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9 protocols using axio observer light microscope

1

Organoid Assays for Malat1 ASO Screening

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Organoids from MMTV-PyMT and MMTV-Cre;Flox neo-neu NT tumors were prepared and cultured as described previously (Ewald 2013 (link)). Organoids were mixed with Matrigel and plated in 24-well Mat-Tek dishes. For ASO treatment, 500 nM Malat1 ASO or scASO was added to 1 mL of organoid culture medium. Images were acquired using a Zeiss Axio-Observer light microscope. For live-cell imaging, organoids from MMTV-PyMT or MMTV-PyMT;CAG::H2B-EGFP mice were treated with Malat1 or ScASOs. At least five organoids per well were imaged in three dimensions over a period of 4 d at 15- or 30-min intervals using a Perkin-Elmer spinning-disc confocal microscope. Time-lapse images were processed using Volocity (PerkinElmer) and ImageJ (National Institutes of Health) software.
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2

Immunostaining of Murine Melanoma Tumors

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Deparaffinization and antigen retrieval were performed in murine melanoma subcutaneous tumors using Antigen Retrieval Buffer (Abcam ab52488 and ab93684) and stained as previously described.20 (link) The following antibodies were used for immune staining as described previously:5 (link) anti-CD3 (ab16669), anti-CD4 (ab183685), anti-CD8 (ab22378), anti-granzyme B (ab4059), anti-F4/80 (ab6640), anti-iNOS (ab3523), anti-Arg.1 (ab91279), anti-LDHA (ab52488), and Goat Anti-Rabbit Alexa 488 (ab150077), all antibodies were purchased from Abcam. Images were obtained by using an Axio Observer Light Microscope with the Apotome.2 (Zeiss). Metastatic melanoma lesions were gated by generating a region of interest, and threshold merged fluorescence limited to ROI and calculated using the ImageJ software.
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3

Insulin-induced FoxO1 Translocation in Adipocytes

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3T3-L1 fibroblasts were differentiated on fibronectin (Roche Applied Science, Almere, the Netherlands) coated 96 well plates and differentiated. Mature adipocytes were transduced with Lentivirus particles containing FoxO1-Clover. FoxO1 is a direct and specific target of Akt; FoxO1 rapidly translocate from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in response to Akt activation (29 (link)). The transduction was followed by a 24 hour incubation with 0 or 1 mmol/L Mg2+ of which the last 6 hours adipocytes where incubated without FBS. Medium was replaced 30 minutes prior to starting live imaging; containing 0 or 1 mmol/L Mg2+, FBS free, phenol-free, supplemented with 1 μg/ml Hoechst 33342 (Sigma-Aldrich). Live imaging was performed using a ZEISS Axio Observer light microscope. Adipocytes were imaged for 30 minutes with a photo interval per 30 seconds. The cells were stimulated using a final concentration of 10 nM human insulin (Sigma-Aldrich) which was added between 30-60 seconds after the start of visualization. The relative intensity of fluorescent units in the cytosol/nucleus was analyzed by the following formula:
All values are normalized by dividing by the first measurement (t=0). Data was fitted using the four-parameter sigmoid dose-response curve. The maximum top value of this function was used as the fluorescent unit’s cytosol/nucleus ratio.
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4

Histological Analysis of Murine Tissues

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Murine heads and femurs were stripped of soft tissues, fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin (CellPath, Powys, United Kingdom), and decalcified in Hilleman and Lee EDTA solution (5.5% EDTA in 10% formalin) for 2 to 3 weeks. Following paraffin embedding, hematoxylin and eosin staining (Sigma-Aldrich) was performed on 5-mm brain/femur sections. Photographs were taken using an Axio Observer Light microscope (Zeiss).
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5

Organoid Branching Morphogenesis Assay

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Tumors were removed from MMTV-PyMT mice and digested into small clumps of cells by collagenase, which are referred to as organoids. The organoids were cultured in Matrigel as described5 (link),46 (link) for 7 days with 1 μM compound treatment and 0.1% DMSO as control. Images were obtained using a Zeiss Axio-Observer light microscope. More than 80 organoids from each individual treatment were counted and evaluated for branching morphogenesis.
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6

Immune Profiling in Melanoma Metastasis

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Deparaffinization and antigen retrieval were performed in mouse melanoma lung metastasis using a PT-link system (Dako) and stained as previously described (13 (link)) The following antibodies were used for immune stainings: anti-iNOS, anti-CD206, anti-CD103, anti-Ki67, anti-granzyme B, anti-MPO, anti-CD86, anti-CD68, anti-MHC-II, anti-CD11b, anti-Ly6C, anti-Ly6G, and anti-PD-L1 all purchased from Abcam; anti-CD11c and anti-F4/80, purchased from BioLegend; anti-Foxp3 (Cell Signaling); anti-Arg1 (Bioss) and anti-CD8 (Dako) primary antibodies, anti-CD4 (BioLegend) and anti-CD25 (R&D Systems) followed by fluorescently labeled secondary antibodies. Images were acquired using an Axio Observer Light Microscope with the Apotome.2 (Zeiss). Metastatic melanoma lesions were gated by generating a region of interest (ROI), and threshold merge fluorescence was limited to ROI and calculated using the NIS-Elements Advanced Research 4.0 software (Nikon, Tokyo).
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7

Evaluating 3D-Printed Scaffold Dimensions

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The 3D-printed test scaffolds consisted of 15 cross-sectional layers. The first 11 layers were removed using a slicing approach, leading to the final model scaffold. The macro-dimensions (edge length and height) of the manufactured scaffolds were evaluated with an electronic vernier caliper (150 mm, Wiha, Schonach, Germany). The micro-dimensions (pore size and WRU) were visualized and measured with the Axio Observer Light Microscope (Carl Zeiss, Jena, Germany) and the affiliated software, ZEN (Carl Zeiss, Jena, Germany). Nine scaffolds per filament material were produced, and each dimension was measured three times.
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8

Fluorescence Microscopy Analysis of Calcein-AM and Hoechst

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An Axio Observer Light Microscope (ZEISS) microscope was used to qualitatively analyze samples for expression of Calcein-AM (green) and Hoechst (blue).
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9

Histopathological Evaluation of NAFLD in Rodents

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Liver tissues were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde (pH 7.4), dehydrated in a graded series of alcohol (70-100%), and embedded in paraffin. Tissue sections were made at 4 μm in adhesive slides and stained with hematoxylin/eosin. Stained slides were blindly evaluated by two veterinary pathologists (TBG and FG) using the Carl Zeiss Axio Observer light microscope equipped with Zen2 software.
Histologic evaluation took into account the main histologic features of NAFLD in rodent models [23] (link). The following parameters were considered: (1) microvesicular steatosis, (2) macrovesicular steatosis, (3) hypertrophy, (4) lobular inflammatory foci (all lymphocytic foci except for portal location), (5) portal inflammation. Microgranuloma was evaluated as well, but not used for the final score due to high similarities between groups. All parameters were evaluated in a four-level scoring system, in which 0 corresponds to absence of the alteration (< 5%), 1 to low-grade lesion (5-33% altered), 2 to moderate-grade lesion (33-66%), and 3 to high-grade lesion (> 66% altered).
Triglyceride (TG) content in the liver was determined with Triglyceride Quantification Kit (BioVision, Milpitas, USA) following the manufacturer instructions.
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