Powder diffraction data were obtained using a PANalytical X'Pert Pro diffractometer equipped with an Anton Paar
TCU 1000 N Temperature Control Unit using Ni-filtered Cu Kα radiation (
V = 40 kV and
I = 30 mA)
38 (link), 39 (link). Transmission electron microscope (TEM) images were recorded with a Philips
CM-20 SuperTwin transmission electron microscope, operating at 160 kV. A drop of the suspension was put on a copper microscope grid covered with carbon. Before the measurement, the sample was dried and purified in a H
2/O
2 plasma cleaner for 1 min. The excitation spectra and luminescence decay profiles were obtained using an
FLS1000 Fluorescence Spectrometer from Edinburgh Instruments equipped with a 450 W xenon lamp and μFlash lamp as an excitation sources and R5509-72 photomultiplier tube from Hamamatsu in a nitrogen-flow cooled housing as a detector. To carry out the temperature measurement, the temperature of the sample was controlled using a
THMS 600 heating–cooling stage from Linkam (0.1 °C temperature stability and 0.1 °C set point resolution). The emission spectra were recorded using 808 nm excitation lines from laser diode (LD of 1.1 W/cm
2 excitation density) and a Silver-Nova Super Range TEC Spectrometer from Stellarnet (1 nm spectral resolution) as a detector.
Maciejewska K, & Marciniak L. (2023). The role of Nd3+ concentration in the modulation of the thermometric performance of Stokes/anti-Stokes luminescence thermometer in NaYF4:Nd3+. Scientific Reports, 13, 472.