Isochlorogenic acid b

Acetonitrile and methanol (HPLC grade) were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Ultrapure water was made using a Direct-Q 8 UV-R water purification system (Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA). Standard components of chlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, neochlorogenic acid, isochlorogenic acid A, isochlorogenic acid B, isochlorogenic acid C, 3-O-feruloylquinic acid, 5-O-feruloylquinic acid, cinnamic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, coumaric acid, sinapic acid, luteolin, apigenin, luteoloside, rutin, apigenin-7-O-glucoside, isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside, quercetin-3-O-glucoside, loganin, vogeloside were obtained from Shanghai Yuanye Biotechnology Co. Ltd. (Shanghai, China).

Methanol and acetonitrile of HPLC grade were purchased from Merck (Damstadt, Germany); ultrapure water was prepared using a Milli-Q purifying system (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA); standard compounds of chlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, neochlorogenic acid, isochlorogenic acid A, isochlorogenic acid B, ferulic acid, caffeic acid, loganin, proline, alanine, serine, leucine, lysine, histidine, arginine, cytidine, uridine, adenosine, and phenylalanine were obtained from Shanghai Yuanye Biotechnology Co. Ltd (Shanghai, China); 1,3‐O‐dicaffeoylquinic acid, isochlorogenic acid C, protocatechuic acid were purchased from Chengdu Prefa Technology Development Co. Ltd (Sichuan, China); quinic acid, rutin, hyperoside, astragalin, isoquercitrin were acquired by the Control of Pharmaceutical and Biological Products (Beijing, China); diosmetin, apigenin, kaempferol, kaempferol‐3‐O-rutinoside, sweroside were purchased from Chengdu Chroma Biotechnology Co. Ltd (Sichuan, China); 4,5‐O-dicaffeoylquinic acid methyl ester, luteolin, luteoloside, rhoifolin, lonicerin, secologanic acid, loganin acid, morroniside were provided by Liangwei Chemical Reagent Co. Ltd (Nanjing, China); secoxyloganin were taken from Nanjing Jingzhu Biotechnology Co. Ltd (Nanjing, China). The purity of all standard compounds was more than 98%.