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11 protocols using toluene

1

Fluorescence Binding Assay of Gefitinib

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Gefitinib (GFT) and O-desmethyl gefitinib (GFT-M2) were purchased from Quimigen. O-Desmorpholinopropyl gefitinib (GFT-M1) was purchased from Fluorochem. N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine methyl ester (NAc-TyrMe), N-acetyl-L-tryptophan methyl ester (NAc-TrpMe), anthracene, human serum albumin (HSA) and α1-acid glycoprotein from human plasma (HAG) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. PBS Buffer was prepared by dissolving phosphate-buffered saline tablets (Sigma) using ultrapure water from a Millipore (Milli-Q Synthesis) system. Spectrophotometric solvents (acetonitrile, 1,4-dioxane, toluene and cyclohexane) were obtained from Scharlab and used without further purification.
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2

Functionalized Cork-ASA Composite Preparation

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Cork particles with a diameter of 63–125
μm and an average density of ρ = 200 kg/m3 were
supplied by the company Corchos del Estrecho, obtained from cork dust
residues from the sanding processes during the manufacture of cork
stoppers. ASA pellets (ASA LI912, ρ = 1100 kg/m3)
were purchased from LG Chem. Acetic anhydride, pyridine, and sodium
hydroxide were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Acryloyl chloride (96%),
triethylamine (TEA), n-butyl acrylate (nBA, +98%) and 2,2′-azobis(2-methylpropionitrile) (AIBN) were
purchased from Alfa Aesar. Toluene, dimethylformamide (DMF), dichloromethane
(DCM), and isopropanol were purchased from Scharlau.
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3

Characterization of Cell Culture Components

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Medium 199 was purchased from GIBCO® (Thermo Fisher Scientific., Waltham, MA, USA); fetal bovine serum from PAA Laboratories GmbH, Cölbe, Germany; streptomycin from Amresco (Cleveland, OH, USA); HEPES from Carl Roth GmbH + Co. KG, Karlsruhe, Germany; NaHCO3 from Merck & Co., Inc., Whitehouse Station, NJ, USA; anhydrous D-glucose, CaCl2⋅2H2O, MgCl2⋅6H2O, KCl, NaCl, DMSO, TRIS, chloroform, cylcohexane, and toluene from Scharlau, Barcelona; 2,7-dichlorodihydroflurescein diacetate from Invitrogen (USA) methanol, trichloroacetic acid, thiobarbituric acid, 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH), guanidine hydrochloride, bovine serum albumin (essentially fatty acid-free), 5,5′-dithiobis-2-nitrobenzoic acid (DTNB), and penicillin G from Sigma-Aldrich Co. (St Louis, MO, USA); and petroleum ether and diethyl ether from Riedel-de Haen, Sigma-Aldrich Co. (St Louis, MO, USA). The equipments used were centrifuge (Eppendorf 5424, Hamburg, Germany), microscope (Micros, Carinthia, Austria), incubator (Memmert, Schwabach, Germany), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) attenuated total reflectance spectrometer from TENSOR 27™ Bruker (Milan, Italy), and gas chromatograph from Shimadzu GCMS-QP2010 Ultra (Japan). Our institute ethics committee/institutional review board does not require approvals for these kinds of studies.
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4

PLA-Cellulose Fiber Composite Preparation

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Poly (lactic acid) (PLA Ingeos Biopolymer 3251D) supplied by Nature Works (Naarden, The Netherland) was used as a polymer matrix in this work. The cellulosic material used as reinforcement was bleached Kraft softwood pulp (BKSP) from pine and was provided by Torraspapel S.A. (Sarrià de Ter, Spain).
Diethylene glycol dimethyl ether (Diglyme) was used as a dispersant agent during the compounding process and was supplied by Clariant (Sant Andreu de la Barca, Barcelona, Spain). Dichloromethane was used as a solvent to dissolve the PLA matrix during the fiber recovery from the composite materials and was purchased from Scharlab (Sentmenat, Spain). Toluene, ethanol, o-toluidine blue, and sulfuric acid were also supplied by Scharlab (Sentmenat, Spain) and used for fiber characterization. Finally, methyl-glycol chitosan (MGCh) and potassium polyvinyl sulfate (PVSK) standard (N/400 concentration) (Wako Chemicals, GmbH, Neuss, Germany) were used for fiber’s polarity determination.
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5

Synthesis of Pbp@NiO Composite

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Pbp@NiO was synthesized from commercially available materials: benzopyrrole (C8H7N, >99%), ammonium persulfate (APS, >98%), dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (DBSA, >95%), chloroform (>99.8%), nickel oxide (>99.9%), and acetone (99%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MI, USA). Sulfuric acid (98%) and toluene (99%) were obtained from Scharlau (Barcelona, CAT, Spain) and 2-Propanol (99.5%) and dimethyl sulfoxide (99.5%) from Daejung (Seoul, Korea). All chemicals were used directly without further purification. Deionized water (>18 MΩ, Merck MilliQ, Darmstadt, Germany) was used for purification and preparation of the electrolyte.
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6

Synthesis of Fluorinated Alcohols and Diols

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1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFIP),
1,3-dibromopropane (99%), 1,4-dibromobutane (99%), dibutyltin(IV)
oxide DBTO (98%), methyl indole-3-carboxylate (99%), 1,3-propanediol
(98%), 1,4-butanediol (>99%), 1,5-pentanediol (>97%), 1,6-hexanediol
(>99%), 1,8-octanediol (98%), and sodium hydride (a 60% dispersion
in mineral oil) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Toluene (analytical
grade, ACS), xylenes (analytical grade, ACS), and chloroform (analytical
grade, stabilized with ethanol) were purchased from Scharlau. Methanol
was purchased from Honeywell. Dimethylformamide (DMF) (ACS, Reag.
Ph. Eur.) was purchased from VWR Chemical. All chemicals were used
as received with the exception of DMF, which was obtained from a dry
solvent dispenser.
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7

Synthesis of Benzopyrrole Derivatives

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Benzopyrrole (C8H7N, >99%), dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (DBSA, >95%), ammonium persulfate (APS, >98%), acetone (99%), and chloroform (>99.8%) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MI, USA). Toluene and sulfuric acid (H2SO4, 98%) were obtained from Scharlau (Barcelona, CAT, Spain). 2-Propanol and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were purchased from Daejung (Seoul, Korea). All the chemicals were of analytical grade and were used as received. Millipore deionized water (>18 MΩ) was used throughout the experimental work.
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8

Pesticide Residue Analysis Protocol

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Pesticide reference standards including malathion, diazinon, profenofos, chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos-methyl, omethoate, dimethoate, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, fenpropathrin, permethrin, tetramethrin, cyfluthrin, fenvlarate, lamdacyhalothrin , lindane, heptachlor, aldrin, heptachlor epoxide, mixture endosulfan, dieldrin, endrin, o,P-DDT, carbaryl, carbofuran, bendiocarb, atrazine, imidacloprid, thiomethoxam and pendimethalin were purchased from Sigma Aldrich GmbH (Augsburg, Germany), Supelco and Bayer Crop Science , with certified purity ranging from 95% to 99%. Acetonitrile, acetone, sodium chloride, toluene, acetic acid and anhydrous magnesium sulfate were obtained from Scharlau (Barcelona, Spain). QuEChERS Finisterre micro centrifuge tube containing two or more of primary secondary amine (PSA), anhydrous magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) and graphed carbon black (GCB) with details of TR-Q2035 (150mg MgSO4, 25mg PSA, 2.5mg GCB) and TR-Q2015 (150mg MgSO4, 25mg PSA) were obtained from Teknokroma (Barcelona, Spain). Piperonyl Butoxide (PPB) with certified purity 95% used as internal standard was obtained from Sigma Aldrich GmbH.
All the organic solvents used were high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) grade.
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9

Microscopy Slide Surface Functionalization

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Chemicals, reagents and buffers. The glass microscope slides used as substrates for the microarrays were obtained from Labbox Labware, S.L. (Spain). The Immobilon-P PVDF membranes were acquired from Merck (Spain). The PTFE membranes came from Wolfpack (Spain). 2-[Methoxy(polyethyleneoxy)6-9propyl]trimethoxysilane was purchased from Gelest (Germany). 1H,1H,2H,2H-Perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane and vinyltrimethoxysilane were supplied bySigma-Aldrich (Spain). Toluene was purchased from Scharlau (Spain). 3,3′,5,5′-Tetramethylbenzidine liquid substrate was acquired from SDT (Germany). Note: all the chemicals were handled following the corresponding material safety data sheets. All the chemicals were used without further purification.
Milli-Q water, with a resistivity above 18 mΩ, was used to prepare the aqueous solutions. The employed buffers, phosphate buffer saline (PBS1х, 0.008 M sodium phosphate dibasic, 0.002 M sodium phosphate monobasic, 0.137 M sodium chloride, 0.003 M potassium chloride, pH 7.5), PBS-T (PBS1х containing 0.05% Tween 20) and saline sodium citrate (SSC1х, 0.15 M sodium chloride, 0.02 M sodium citrate, pH 7) were filtered through a 0.45-µm pore size nitrocellulose membrane of the Fisher brand (Germany) before being used. Table 1. Used oligonucleotides sequences
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10

Volatile Sulfur Compounds Analysis

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Hexane and toluene as HPLC grade solvent were purchased from Scharlau (Barcelona, Spain). Hydrogen sulfide as gas state (>99%), ethyl mercaptan, dimethyl sulfide, carbon disulfide, butyl mercaptan and dimethyl disulfide as liquid state (>99%) were used supplied by Sigma Aldrich (Steinheim, Germany). Solid-phase support were Anasorb CSC coconut charcoal (50/100 mg) combined with sodium sulfate dryers supplied by SKC limited (Dorset, UK), Orbo-32 activated coconut charcoal (100/50 mg) (Sigma Aldrich, USA) and Tenax TEA (Sigma Aldrich, USA).
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