A 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•), 2,20-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS•+), Folin–Ciocalteu reagent, 2,20-azobis (2-methylpropionamide) dihydrochloride (AAPH), Trolox, acetonitrile and formic acid (both MS grade), berberine (95% purity), and ferulic acid were purchased from Sigma–Aldrich (Stenheim, Germany). Ascorbic acid was purchased from Stanlab (Lublin, Poland), and analytical-grade methanol and aluminium chloride hexahydrate were purchased from POCH (Gliwice, Poland). Ultrapure water was prepared with a Milli-Q purification system (Millipore, Burlington, MA, USA).
The SuperScript Vilo cDNA Synthesis kit was used according to the manufacturer’s recommendations. cDNA was stored at −20 °C until subsequent analysis. PCR reactions were performed using SG onTaq qPCR Master Mix (Eurx, Gdańsk, Poland) on the QuantStudio 5 Real-Time PCR System (Applied Biosystems, Waltham, MA, USA).
The SuperScript Vilo cDNA Synthesis kit was used according to the manufacturer’s recommendations. cDNA was stored at −20 °C until subsequent analysis. PCR reactions were performed using SG onTaq qPCR Master Mix (Eurx, Gdańsk, Poland) on the QuantStudio 5 Real-Time PCR System (Applied Biosystems, Waltham, MA, USA).