Octyl r 2hg

We used the following specific chemical compounds for cell treatment: (aminooxy)acetic acid hemihydrochloride (Sigma-Aldrich C13408), CB-839 (Focus Biomolecules 10-4556), BPTES (Sigma-Aldrich, SML0601), dmOG (Sigma-Aldrich, 349631), methyl pyruvate (Sigma-Aldrich, 371173), 17-β-estradiol (Sigma-Aldrich, E2758), octyl-R-2HG (Sigma-Aldrich, SML2200). Antibodies used in the study were following: Gls1 (Abcam ab156876), PHGDH (Abcam ab57030), anti-FLAG (M2, Sigma-Aldrich F1804), IDH2 (Abnova H00003418-M01), ATP5A (Abcam ab14748), Tim23 (Abcam ab176558), PDH (Abcam ab92696), and β-actin (Abcam ab8226).

L-glutamine, dimethyl alpha-ketoglutaric acid, U-¹³C-glutamine, octyl-(R)-2HG, rotenone, oligomycin, and 2-[2-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl] hydrazinylidene]-propanedinitrile were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (MO, USA). Fluorocitrate was prepared from DL-fluorocitric acid barium salt (Sigma-Aldrich) as previously described^{41 (link)}. Antimycin A was purchased from Abcam (MA, USA). Devimistat (CPI-613) was purchased from Selleck (TX, USA). MG132 was purchased from MCE (NY, USA). Antibodies recognizing β-actin (sc-47778; 1:5000), GAPDH (sc-32233; 1:1000), and NDUFS3 (sc-374282; 1:1000) were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (TX, USA). Antibodies recognizing IscU (#14812; 1:1000), NDUFSC1 (#12444-1-AP; 1:1000), and TOM40 (#18409-1-AP; 1:1000) were purchased from Proteintech (IL, USA). Antibodies recognizing UQCRFS1 (ab191078; 1:1000), aconitase 2 (ab110321; 1:1000), SDHB (ab14714; 1:1000), and α-KGDH (ab58724; 1:1000) were purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, United Kingdom). The secondary anti-mouse (#7076; 1:2000) or anti-rabbit (#7074; 1:2000) IgG antibodies and an anti-Myc antibody (#2276; 1:1000) were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (MA, USA).