Eudragit epo

Three polymers commonly used in pharmaceutical hot melt extrusion were utilized in this study as model materials. Poly-vinylpyrrolidone-vinylacetate (PVPVA) (Plasdone S-630, Ashland Inc., Columbus, OH, USA), graft co-polymer Soluplus (SOL) (BASF SE, Ludwigshafen, Germany) and basic butylated methacrylate copolymer (bBMA) (Eudragit EPO, Evonik Industries AG, Darmstadt, Germany) were selected (rheology parameters are given in Table 1).

Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and Makerbot^® Dissolvable Filament commercial filaments were purchased from Makerbot (Makerbot Industries LLC., New York, United States). Polylactic acid (PLA) commercial 3D printing filaments were purchased from XYZprinting (XYZprinting Inc., California, United States). All three commercial filaments were used as purchased. Pre-plasticized polyvinyl alcohol (otherwise known as Mowiflex^®) C-17 grade pellets were graciously donated by Kurary (Kurary GmbH, Frankfurt, Germany). Hypromellose acetate succinate (HPMCAS, low-fine grade) was graciously donated by Shin Etsu (Shin Etsu Inc., Tokyo, Japan). Polysorbate (Tween^® 80) was purchased from Acros Organics (Acros Organics, Geel, Belgium). Polyethylene oxide N-10 grade (PEO; molecular weight = 100,000) was graciously donated by Colorcon (Colorcon Ltd., Dartford, United Kingdom). Eudragit® EPO was graciously donated by Evonik industries (Evonik, Darmstadt,Germany). Soluplus^® and Kollidon^® vinyl acetate 64 (polyvinyl pyrrolidone vinyl acetate 64) were graciously donated by BASF (BASF inc., Ludwigshafen, Germany). Polyethylene glycol 4000 (PEG; molecular weight = 4000) and paracetamol (PAC) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (Sigma Aldrich, Salisbury, United Kingdom).

Enalapril maleate was purchased from Azelis (Sankt Augustin, Germany) and manufactured by Zhejiang Huahai Pharmaceutical Industry (Taizhou, China). Polyethylene oxide (PEO) Mw 100,000 (POLYOX™ WSR N10) was kindly provided by DuPont Nutrition & Biosciences (Neu-Isenburg, Germany). Soluplus^® (SOL) was kindly provided by BASF (Ludwigshafen, Germany). Basic butylated methacrylate copolymer (bPMMA, Eudragit^® E PO) and fumed silica (SiO₂, Aerosil^® 200 v/v Pharma) were kindly provided by Evonik (Essen, Germany). Enalapril maleate United States Pharmacopoeia (USP) Reference Standard were purchased by Eurofins PHAST GmbH (Homburg, Germany). Enalapril diketopiperazine (DKP) was purchased from LGC Standards GmbH (Wesel, Germany). Other chemicals were of reagent grade.

Curcuminoid extract powder derived from Curcumin longa (96.1% curcumin) was purchased from Thai-China Flavours and Fragrances Industry Co., Ltd. (Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya, Thailand). Resveratrol (3,5,4′-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene; purity > 98%) was purchased from Pioneer Herb (Shanghai, China). Eudragit^® EPO was provided by Evonik Industries AG (Essen, Germany). Sodium alginate (medium viscosity) was obtained from High Science Limited Partnership (Songkhla, Thailand). Sodium alginate (low viscosity) and gellan gum (Gelzan™ CM) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, Inc. (St. Louis, MO, USA). Pectin (GENU^®), low methoxy grade, was sourced from CP Kelco, Inc. (Atlanta, GA, USA). Sodium bicarbonate and ethanol were provided by RCI Labscan (Bangkok, Thailand). Calcium carbonate was obtained from Vidhayasom Co., Ltd. (Bangkok, Thailand). Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP K30) was purchased from P.C. Drug Center Co., Ltd. (Bangkok, Thailand). All reagents were of pharmaceutical or analytical grade.