Stata 1c 14

A Student t-test was used to examine the relationship between casting groups and quantitative variables. A Fisher exact test or a Pearson chi-squared test was used to compare the categorical variables. Residents with at least five reductions before or five reductions after the implementation of the casting curriculum were analyzed to determine whether rates of loss of reduction and unacceptable cast indexes were different between a resident's first three reductions and the resident's subsequent reductions. Risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Statistical significance was defined as P < 0.05. Statistical analysis was done using STATA/1C 14.0 (Stata Statistical Software: Release 14; StataCorp LP, 2015, College Station, TX).

Institutional Review Board approval was obtained for this study. Patients < 18 years old with any cervical spine deformity/injury diagnosis and ≥ 2 years of follow-up undergoing a cervical spinal fusion between January 2004 and December 2019 at a tertiary pediatric hospital were retrospectively identified. Electronic medical records, patient imaging, and operative reports were reviewed for patient demographics, cervical spine diagnosis, procedural approach (posterior, anterior, or combined anteroposterior), levels fused/instrumented, type of instrumentation, bone graft type and location of donor site for autografts, use of bone morphogenic protein (BMP), post-operative immobilization method/duration, and complication data. Pseudarthrosis was defined as an absence of radiographic union as assessed by the attending surgeon for which revision surgery was performed. Patients were divided into occipitocervical fusions and fusions not involving the occiput (cervical only fusions).
A Student’s t test was used to examine the relationship between means of quantitative outcome variables. A Fisher’s exact test was used to compare categorical variables. Statistical significance was defined as p < 0.05. Statistical analysis was performed using STATA/1C 14.0 (Stata Statistical Software:release 14; StataCorp LP, 2015, College Station, TX).