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21 protocols using empower 3 chromatography data software

1

HPLC Lipid Compound Separation and Analysis

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Lipid extracts, dissolved in methanol:toluene (1:1, v/v), were
separated on a YMC-Pro C18 column (150 × 4.6 mm, S-5 μl, 12
nm, YMC Europe GmbH, Dinslaken, Germany) using a gradient solvent system
(flow, 1 ml/min; gradient, 1–5 min 100% methanol, 5–14 min
60%/40% methanol/toluene, and 14–18 min 100% methanol). Fluorescence
was detected at excitation 325 nm/emission 490 nm. The HPLC consisted of a
Waters e2695 separation module, a column oven (at 25 °C), and a
Waters 2475 fluorescence detector (Waters Corp., Milford, MA). Data were
analyzed using Empower 3 chromatography data software (Waters Corp.).
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2

Quantification of Neutral Lipids by HPLC

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HSC-T6 cells were extracted twice with hexane/isopropanol (3/2, v/v) for 10 min under constant shaking. The organic phases were combined, evaporated, and lipids were dissolved in chloroform/methanol (2/1, v/v). TGs and CEs were separated on a Betasil® Diol Column (100 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm; Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA) using a ternary gradient solvent system and detected by HPLC-ELSD as described (25 (link)). The HPLC-ELSD consisted of a precooled sample manager (at 4°C), pump, injector, and column oven (at 40°C), all of the Agilent 1100 Series (Santa Clara, CA) and were coupled to a Sedex 85 evaporative light scattering detector (Sedere, Alfortville, France). Data were analyzed using the Chemstation software (B 04.01; Agilent, Santa Clara, CA). REs were separated on a YMC-Pro C18 column (150×4.6mm, S-5μm, 12nm; YMC Europe GmbH, Dinslaken, Germany) using a isocratic solvent system (98% methanol, 2% water, 1.2 ml/min) and detected at excitation 325 nm/emission 450 nm. The HPLC consisted of a Waters e2695 Separation Module, including a column oven (at 35°C), and a Waters 2475 Fluorescence Detector (Waters Corporation, Milford, MA). Data were analyzed using Empower 3 Chromatography Data Software (Waters Corporation). Neutral lipid standards were prepared as 1 mg/ml stock solutions in chloroform/methanol 2:1 (v/v). Calibration curves were measured from 2.7 μg/ml to 350 μg/ml.
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3

Molecular Weight Analysis of PLGA

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The molecular weight of the unprocessed PLGA and printed PLGA was determined by GPC using a Waters Alliance Separations Module e2695, Waters 2414 Refractive Index Detector, and Waters HSPgel columns in series (HR MB-L and HR 3.0 columns, 6.0 mm ID × 15 cm) (Waters, Milford, MA) [18 (link)]. For printed PLGA, scaffold was fabricated using conditions summarized in table 2, then a small piece of the printed scaffold was cut and dissolved in tetrahydrofuran for the test. Polystyrene standards were used to report the relative molecular weights. The standard curve was generated from a 10-point calibration using Agilent EasiCal polystyrene standards. The data analysis was performed using Waters Empower 3 Chromatography Data software. Three samples of each composition were performed for statistical analysis.
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4

HPLC Lipid Compound Separation and Analysis

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Lipid extracts, dissolved in methanol:toluene (1:1, v/v), were
separated on a YMC-Pro C18 column (150 × 4.6 mm, S-5 μl, 12
nm, YMC Europe GmbH, Dinslaken, Germany) using a gradient solvent system
(flow, 1 ml/min; gradient, 1–5 min 100% methanol, 5–14 min
60%/40% methanol/toluene, and 14–18 min 100% methanol). Fluorescence
was detected at excitation 325 nm/emission 490 nm. The HPLC consisted of a
Waters e2695 separation module, a column oven (at 25 °C), and a
Waters 2475 fluorescence detector (Waters Corp., Milford, MA). Data were
analyzed using Empower 3 chromatography data software (Waters Corp.).
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5

HPLC Lipophilicity Determination Protocol

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A HPLC separation module Waters® e2695 equipped with a Waters 2996 PDA Detector (Waters Corp., Milford, MA, USA) were used. A chromatographic column Symmetry® C18 5 μm, 4.6 × 250 mm, Part No. W21751W016 (Waters Corp.) was used. The HPLC separation process was monitored by the Empower 3 Chromatography Data Software (Waters Corp.). Isocratic elution by a mixture of MeOH p.a. (72%) and H2O-HPLC Mili-Q grade (28%) as a mobile phase was used. The total flow of the column was 1.0 mL/min, injection 5 μL, column temperature 40 °C, and sample temperature 10 °C. The detection wavelength 214 nm was chosen. The KI methanolic solution was used for the determination of dead time (tD). Retention times (tR) were measured in minutes. The capacity factors k were calculated using the Empower 3 Chromatography Data Software according to the formula k = (tRtD)/tD, where tR is the retention time of the solute, while tD is the dead time obtained using an unretained analyte. Each experiment was repeated three times. Log k, calculated from the capacity factor k, is used as the lipophilicity index converted to log P scale [36 ]. The log k values of individual compounds are shown in Table 1.
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6

Automated Chromatographic Analysis with FID Detection

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Example 1

An analytical chromatographic system having an autosampler, a column oven, a chromatographic column and an automated back pressure regulator is provided. The mobile phase includes carbon dioxide and 20% methanol as a polar modifier and is supplied to the system via a fluid delivery module. The mobile phase is maintained at a pressure of 110 bar and the column is heated to a temperature of 40° C. The flow rate is 2.5 mL/min. The sample injection volume is 3 μL. At the outlet of the column, and upstream of the backpressure regulator, oxidizer packed with platinum mesh supported on particles of zirconia. The oxidizer is 10 cm long with an internal diameter of 1 cm. The mobile phase is flowed through the oxidizer via an inlet port and exits the oxidizer via an outlet port. The oxidizer is directly connected to, and in fluid communication with, a flame ionization detector at the outlet port and the analyte of interest is detected by the flame ionization detector and analyzed using software (e.g. Empower® 3 Chromatography Data Software; commercially available from Waters Technologies Corporation, Milford, Mass., USA).

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7

Lipid Extraction and HPLC Analysis

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Dried lipid extracts of the n-hexane extraction were dissolved in 1 ml of methanol/toluene (1:1, v/v) and separated on a YMC-Pro C18 column (150 × 4.6 mm, S-5 μl, 12 nm, YMC Europe GmbH, Dinslake, Germany) using a gradient solvent system (flow, 1 ml/min; gradient, 1–5 min 100% methanol, 5–14 min 60:40% methanol/toluene, and 14–18 min 100% methanol). Fluorescence was detected at excitation 325 nm/emission 490 nm. The HPLC consisted of a Waters e2695 separation module, including a column oven (at 25 °C) and a Waters 2475 fluorescence detector (Waters). Data were analyzed using Empower 3 chromatography data software (Waters).
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8

UPLC analysis of C55-lipid compounds

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Lipids extracts resuspended in UPLC mobile phase solvents were analysed by UPLC on a reverse-phase C18 column Kinetex C18 UPLC Column 1.7 µm particle size, 100 Å pore size, 50 × 2.1 mm. Separation of the lipids was accomplished using a gradient of H2O with 0.1% formic acid for solvent A and isopropanol with 0.1 % formic acid for solvent B, a flow rate of 0.4 ml/min with a linear gradient over 8 min, column temperature 60 °C and a wavelength of 210 nm. Identification of C55-OH and C55-P was based on the retention time of standards and their abundances were calculated relative to the total peak area of each chromatogram. For calculating mutant-to-wild type ratios, samples from independent cultures grown on the same day were randomly paired. Empower3 chromatography data software (Waters) was used for UPLC data collection and analysis.
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9

Automated Chromatographic Analysis with FID Detection

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Example 1

An analytical chromatographic system having an autosampler, a column oven, a chromatographic column and an automated back pressure regulator is provided. The mobile phase includes carbon dioxide and 20% methanol as a polar modifier and is supplied to the system via a fluid delivery module. The mobile phase is maintained at a pressure of 110 bar and the column is heated to a temperature of 40° C. The flow rate is 2.5 mL/min. The sample injection volume is 3 μL. At the outlet of the column, and upstream of the backpressure regulator, oxidizer packed with platinum mesh supported on particles of zirconia. The oxidizer is 10 cm long with an internal diameter of 1 cm. The mobile phase is flowed through the oxidizer via an inlet port and exits the oxidizer via an outlet port. The oxidizer is directly connected to, and in fluid communication with, a flame ionization detector at the outlet port and the analyte of interest is detected by the flame ionization detector and analyzed using software (e.g. Empower® 3 Chromatography Data Software; commercially available from Waters Technologies Corporation, Milford, Mass., USA).

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10

Gel Permeation Chromatography of Polymer Degradation

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Polymer samples from time points of degradation (1, 3, 7, and 14 days) and nondegraded samples (i.e., 0 days) were dissolved at 3 mg/mlL in tetrahydrofuran (THF). Samples were run on a Waters e2695 Separations Module with a Waters 2414 Refractive Index Detector, and Waters HSPgel columns in series (HR MB‐L and HR 3.0 columns, 6.0 mm I.D. × 15 cm). Molecular weight is reported as polystyrene relative molecular weight, as calculated from a 10‐point calibration curve generated using Agilent EasiCal polystyrene standards dissolved at 2 mg/mL in THF. GPC analysis was performed using Waters Empower 3 Chromatography Data software. The weight‐average molecular weight (Mw), number average molecular weight (Mn), and polydispersity index (PDI) of each sample were then obtained from the sample curves and recorded. Each sample type was replicated three times (n = 3).
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