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26 protocols using du145

1

Culturing and Conditioning of Cancer Cell Lines

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Human breast carcinoma cell lines MCF-7 and HCC1143, pancreas adenocarcinoma cell line PA-TU-8902, prostate >carcinoma cell line DU145 and lung carcinoma cell line NCI-H460 were obtained from DSMZ (German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany).
In general RPMI 1640 medium, supplemented with 2 mM L-Glutamine and 1% Penicillin-Streptomycin and FCS (either 10% or 1% according to the assay) was used for monocyte/macrophage, NCI-H460, HCC1143 and DU145 cell culture. For MCF-7 cells we used Eagle´s MEM, supplemented with 10% FCS, 2 mM L-Glutamine, 1% Penicillin/Streptomycin and 1 mM Sodium Pyruvate and for PA-TU-8902 cells Dulbecco´s MEM High Glucose supplemented with 1 mM Sodium Pyruvate, 2 mM L-Glutamine, 1% Penicillin/Streptomycin and either 10% or 1% FCS was used (all reagents from Sigma, Buchs, Switzerland).
Cell lines were kept under standard culture conditions (37°C, 5% CO2 and 95% humidity), tumour cell conditioned media were obtained by 24 h incubation of 90% confluent tumour cells in 10 ml of fresh culture medium in 25 cm2 cell flasks. Cell free supernatants were carefully harvested, filtered through 0.5 μm filters and stored in aliquots at −80°C.
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2

Cell Culture of Cancer Cell Lines

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The DU-145, LNCaP, T47D and SKBR3 cell lines were purchased from DSMZ (Braunschweig, Germany), and were cultured in RPMI supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), at 37 °C, 5% CO2. All media were purchased from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, USA) and all chemicals from Sigma (St. Louis, MO), unless otherwise stated.
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3

Isolation and Maintenance of Cell Lines and PBMCs

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The cell lines 5637 (DSMZ, #ACC-35), DU-145 (DSMZ, #ACC-261), KHYG-1 (DSMZ, #ACC-725), Ramos (DSMZ, #ACC-603), and ZR-75-1 (ATCC, #CRL-1500) were obtained from the DSMZ or the ATCC. All cell cultures were free of Mycoplasma and maintained in RPMI1640 medium (Biochrom, #F1215) supplemented with 10% FCS (Biochrom, #S0115) and 1% l-glutamine (Biochrom, #K0283). KHYG-1 medium additionally contained 10 ng/ml IL-2 (PeproTech, #200-02). KHYG-1 cells were stably transfected with hFcγRIIIa 158V (KHYG-1-CD16aV), cloned, and maintained in medium containing 25 nmol/l methotrexate (Sigma-Aldrich, #M8407).
Human PBMCs were isolated from leukapheresis products (Charité University Hospital Berlin) or commercially available buffy coats (DRK Berlin) of healthy donors via density gradient centrifugation using Biocoll Separating Solution (Biochrom, #L6113). In case of leukapheresis products, isolated PBMCs were stored in AIM-V medium (Life Technologies, #31035025) supplemented with 75% FCS (Biochrom, #S0115) and 10% DMSO (Sigma-Aldrich, #D2650) in liquid nitrogen for future usage. All leukapheresis donors were informed of the purpose of the donation and gave their written consent prior to the study.
PBMC subpopulations were isolated using magnetic cell separation: monocytes (Invitrogen, #11350D or Miltenyi Biotec, #130-096-537), B cells (Invitrogen, #11351D), and T cells (Invitrogen, #11344D).
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4

Culturing Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Cell Lines

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Human, castration-resistant prostate tumor cell lines PC3, DU-145, obtained from DSMZ (Braunschweig, Germany) were grown and subcultured in RPMI 1640 medium (Gibco/Invitrogen, Karlsruhe, Germany) augmented with 10% fetal calf serum (FCS), 2% HEPES (2-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethanesulfonic acid) buffer (1 M, pH 7.4), 2% glutamine, 1% penicillin/streptomycin at 37 °C in a humidified, 5% CO2 incubator.
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5

Culturing and Maintaining Cell Lines

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Human breast carcinoma cell lines HCC1937 and HCC1143, pancreas adenocarcinoma cell line PA-TU-8902, prostate carcinoma cell line DU145 and lung carcinoma cell line NCI-H460 were obtained from DSMZ (German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany).
HCC1937, HCC1143, DU145 and NCI-H460 cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum, 2 mM L-glutamine, and 1% Penicillin – Streptomycin (Sigma-Aldrich). PA-TU-8902 cells were cultured in Dulbecco’s MEM High Glucose (Sigma-Aldrich) supplemented with 2 mM L-Glutamine, 1 mM Sodium Pyruvate, 10% fetal calf serum and 1% Penicillin – Streptomycin in a humidified atmosphere with 5% CO2 at 37°C. Cell lines were maintained in exponential growth and cells from subconfluent monolayers were harvested by trypsin-EDTA (Sigma-Aldrich) to carry out the experiments. For measurement of the parameters, the cell cultures were used within 4–6 weeks after thawing.
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Cell Culture Maintenance Protocols

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Human DU145, PC3 were from DSMZ and HEK293FT from Thermofisher. DU145, PC3 and HEK293FT were cultured in DMEM with L-Glutamine and pyruvate (Gibco) supplemented with 10% FBS (Gibco) and 1% Penicillin/streptomycin (Gibco) and maintained in a humidified atmosphere at 37°C and 5% CO2. Cell cultures were tested for mycoplasma monthly and maintained mycoplasma-free.
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7

Culturing Prostate Tumor and Endothelial Cells

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Human prostate tumour cell lines PC-3, DU-145 and LNCaP were obtained from DSMZ (Braunschweig, Germany). Tumour cells were grown and subcultured in RPMI 1640 (Gibco/Invitrogen; Karlsruhe, Germany). The medium contained 10% foetal calf serum (FCS), 2% 2-(4-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazinyl)-ethansulfonsäure HEPES-buffer (1 M, pH 7.4), 2% glutamine and 1% penicillin/streptomycin. Subcultures from passages 7–11 were selected for experimental use.
Human endothelial cells (HUVEC) were isolated from human umbilical veins and harvested by enzymatic treatment with chymotrypsin. HUVEC were grown in Medium 199 (M199; Biozol, Munich, Germany), supplemented with 10% FCS, 10% pooled human serum, 20 μg/ml endothelial cell growth factor (Boehringer, Mannheim, Germany), 0.1% heparin, 100 ng/ml gentamycin and 20 mM HEPES-buffer (pH 7.4). Subcultures from passages 2–6 were selected for experimental use.
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8

Culturing Androgen-Insensitive Prostate Cancer Cell Lines

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Prostate carcinoma androgen-insensitive DU145 (mutations in CDKN2A, RB1, TP53) and PC3 (mutations in PTEN, TP53) cell lines were obtained from DSMZ (Braunschweig, Germany). The human castration-resistant tumor cell lines were grown and subcultured in RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum (FCS), 1% Glutamax (all Gibco/Invitrogen, Karlsruhe, Germany), 2% Hepes buffer and 1% penicillin/streptomycin (both Sigma-Aldrich, Taufkirchen, Germany), at 37 °C in a humidified incubator with 5% CO2. Subcultures from passages 5–30 were selected for experimental use.
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9

Cell Culture and Treatments

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THP-1 cells were kindly provided by Prof. Papakonstanti (School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece). The DU-145 and T47D cell lines were purchased from DSMZ (Braunschweig, Germany). These cell lines and THP-1 differentiated macrophages were cultured in RPM1 medium supplemented with 10% FBS and 1% penicillin–streptomycin. White blood cells (WBCs) were cultured in DMEM, 4.5 g/L glucose medium supplemented with 10% FBS and 1% penicillin–streptomycin. Both primary cells and cell lines were cultured at 37 °C, 5% CO2 in a humidified tissue culture incubator.
Unless otherwise stated, all media were purchased from Fisher Scientific (part of Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA), and all chemicals from Sigma (St. Louis, MO, USA). Cells were treated either with testosterone–BSA (testosterone carboxymethyl-oxime–bovine serum albumin) (10−6 M) (T3392), dihydrotestosterone (DHT) (10−6 M), 5-oxo-ETE (10−6 M), (Cayman Chemical Company, Ann Arbor, MI, USA), or Gue 1654 (10−6 M) (Tocris Bioscience, Bristol, UK) or their combinations. Appropriate vehicles were used as controls for each treatment.
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10

Cell Line Cultivation and Experimental Setup

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Histiocytic lymphoma U937, chronic myelogenous leukemia K562, T-cell leukemia Jurkat, Burkitt lymphoma Raji, prostate cancer PC-3 and DU145, lung adenocarcinoma A549 cell lines were purchased from DSMZ (Braunschweig, Germany). Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y, SK-N-AS and BE(2)-M17 and breast cancer MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA). Cells were cultured in RPMI 1640 or DMEM medium (Lonza, Verviers, Belgium) supplemented with 10% (v/v) fetal calf serum (FCS; Lonza, Verviers, Belgium) and 1% (v/v) antibiotic-antimycotic (BioWhittaker, Verviers, Belgium) at 37 °C and 5% of CO2. Experiments were performed in culture medium containing 10% of FCS with cells in exponential growth phase. Cells were routinely controlled to exclude mycoplasma contamination. Non-adherent cells were seeded in fresh complete medium at concentrations of 300 000 cells/ml. After 1 h of recovery in the incubator, they were treated at the indicated concentrations. Adherent cells were seeded 36 h before treatment at concentrations of 5000 cells/ well in 96-well plates for viability and proteasome activity assays or 300 000 cells/well in 6-well plates for all the other assays.
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