Sr560

Manufactured by Stanford Research Systems

Sourced in United States

The SR560 is a low-noise voltage preamplifier designed for use in a variety of research and measurement applications. It provides adjustable gain and filtering options to condition and amplify small signals prior to analysis or data acquisition.

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Lab products found in correlation

Tds 360, by Tektronix (3 mentions) Analog stimulus isolator model 2200, by A-M Systems (2 mentions) Dlpca 200, by Stanford Research Systems (1 mentions) Hf2li, by Zurich Instruments (1 mentions) Sr830, by Stanford Research Systems (1 mentions) E4980 lcr meter, by Agilent Technologies (1 mentions) Dpo3034, by Tektronix (1 mentions) Sr570, by Stanford Research Systems (1 mentions) Sr810, by Stanford Research Systems (1 mentions) Pz2 preamplifier, by Tucker-Davis Technologies (1 mentions)

16 protocols using sr560

Dark and Photocurrent Mapping of BiFeO3

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The spatially resolved dark conduction distribution is mapped by the XE-100 Park AFM system equipped with a home built current amplifier/filter system. During the dark current measurement, a small bias (2 V) is applied to the La_0.7Sr_0.3MnO₃ layer, which would not trigger the phase transition between R and T phases. The photocurrent distribution is mapped by the Ph-AFM system consisting of an AFM-based system (XE-100, Park) modified by a custom current amplifier (Femto, DLPCA-200) /filter system (Stanford Research Systems, SR560) and an optical system. The NSC14/Pt AFM tip (Mikromasch) used in this work has a diameter less than 25 nm, which enables high lateral resolution in both topography and current mapping. The optical system allows illumination on the BiFeO₃ surface with a polarized λ = 405nm light (3.06eV). The linear light polarization can be continuously rotated via a half-wavelength plate. During the photocurrent mapping, the light intensity was set as 1 W cm⁻² and a bias of 2 V was applied to the side Pt electrode.

Yang M.M., Iqbal A.N., Peters J.J., Sanchez A.M, & Alexe M. (2019). Strain-gradient mediated local conduction in strained bismuth ferrite films. Nature Communications, 10, 2791.

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Measuring Switching Current Distributions

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The switching current distributions were taken using a digital phosphor oscilloscope (TDS5032B from Tektronix). A triangular wave signal was applied with desired amplitude and frequency using a function generator (K6221 from Keithley). The response of the sample was acquired via a low noise pre-amplifier (SR560 from Stanford Research Systems) giving an amplified signal to the oscilloscope. Triggering was ensured by a trigger link between function generator and oscilloscope. A home-made software was then in charge of acquiring the data from the oscilloscope: a voltage criterion was set for the switching, then time position of the switching event was located and transformed into the corresponding value of current via the knowledge of the applied wave. Ten thousands values for the switching current were registered for each temperature using this procedure.

Baumans X.D., Zharinov V.S., Raymenants E., Blanco Alvarez S., Scheerder J.E., Brisbois J., Massarotti D., Caruso R., Tafuri F., Janssens E., Moshchalkov V.V., Van de Vondel J, & Silhanek A.V. (2017). Statistics of localized phase slips in tunable width planar point contacts. Scientific Reports, 7, 44569.

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Sensor Output Signal Acquisition Protocol

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Sensor output signals were obtained using the electrical scheme shown in Figure 8. A 3 mA current was supplied to the sensor by two 9 V batteries in series (∼18 V), 1 kΩ resistance (R_R), a potentiometer (R_pot) set at 5 kΩ (R_R and R_pot together have a higher resistance than the sensor's average resistance, R_S ∼555 Ω). The output of the sensor was connected to acquisition setup composed by (a) an amplifier (Stanford Research Systems SR560, California, US) operating for gains of 10,000x, (b) high-pass and low-pass filters of 300 (to filter the DC and part of low frequency noise) and 10,000 Hz (to avoid aliaising), respectively and (c) a 16 bit analogue to digital converter (ADC) board DT9836-12-2-BNC (20 kHz acquisition frequency), which was connected to a laptop, where a home-made software was used to acquire sensor output vs. time (Figure 8b,c).
Each test required channel inlet sample introduction through capillary tubes (BTPE-90 polyethylene tubes, Instech Laboratories, Inc., Pennsylvania, PA, USA) plugged into a 1 mL syringe (Codan, Cat: 621640, LuerStubs LS20, Pennsylvania, PA, USA). Fluid flow was controlled by an automated syringe pump (NE-300 model, New Era Pump Systems, Inc., New York, NY, USA), and the sample was collected from the outlet by another capillary tube to a disposable Eppendorf.

Fernandes A.C., Duarte C.M., Cardoso F.A., Bexiga R., Cardoso S, & Freitas P.P. (2014). Lab-on-Chip Cytometry Based on Magnetoresistive Sensors for Bacteria Detection in Milk. Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 14(8), 15496-15524.

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Piezoelectric Properties Measurement Protocol

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The measurements of the piezoelectric properties were conducted using a well-defined experimental setup (see Figure S1). This setup ensured accurate and reliable measurements, which are essential for validating and reproducing the results obtained for the piezoelectric properties of the fibers.
The piezoelectric output voltage was measured through a load resistance of 100 M

Ω

and collected in a digital storage oscilloscope (Agilent Technologies DS0-X-3012A3012A, Waldbronn, Germany) after going through a low-pass filter and a low noise preamplifier (Research systems SR560, Stanford Research Systems, Stanford, CA, USA). The nanofiber sample had a 30 × 40 mm

^{2}

area and a thickness of 120

μ

m and was placed in thin plates of high-purity copper (top: 23 × 30 mm

^{2}

and bottom: 30 × 33 mm

^{2}

). Periodic mechanical forces were applied to the fiber array by a vibration generator (Frederiksen SF2185) with a frequency of 3 Hz determined by a signal generator (Hewlett Packard 33120A). Before measuring, it was necessary to calibrate the applied forces with a FSR402 force-sensing resistor (Interlink Electronics Sensor Technology, Graefelfing, Germany). The forces applied were uniform and perpendicular to the surface area of the sample.

Santos D., Baptista R.M., Handa A., Almeida B., Rodrigues P.V., Castro C., Machado A., Rodrigues M.J., Belsley M, & de Matos Gomes E. (2023). Nanostructured Electrospun Fibers with Self-Assembled Cyclo-L-Tryptophan-L-Tyrosine Dipeptide as Piezoelectric Materials and Optical Second Harmonic Generators. Materials, 16(14), 4993.

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Phosphorescence Lifetime Measurement Technique

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Example 4

Phosphorescence lifetimes were measured at 77 K exciting with pulses from a Lambda Physik dye laser (FL3002; Laser dye: Stilbene 3) which was pumped with a Lambda Physik Excimer laser (Lextra 50) (FIG. 4). The phosphorescence was collected and isolated using lenses and monochromators (H10 for Vis spectral range and 1681B for NIR spectral range; Jobin-Yvon Inc.) and focused onto Hamamatzu photomultiplier tubes (PMT) (R928 for the visible spectral range and H9170-45 for NIR spectral range). The photocurrent from the PMT was amplified (SR 560, Stanford Research Systems) and stored on a digital oscilloscope (TDS 360, Tektronix). We estimate the lifetime measurement error to be 5%. Phosphorescence spectra in ethanol glass at 77K. Methyl iodide (MEI) was added to increase the phosphorescence yields for APP-2 (33% Mel), APP-3 (20% Mel) and CMPP (20% Mel). The phosphorescence for APP-2 was very weak. APP-3 and CMPP are may quench triplet states of both, the keto and enol form of avobenzone by energy transfer. APP-2 may quench triplet states of the keto form as seen in FIG. 4.

US10556981B2. Photostable compositions comprising para-alkoxyl phenyl substituted propenoic acid (APP) copolymer derivatives (2020-02-11). HALLSTAR INNOVATIONS CORP. [US]. Inventors: Hui Feng [CN], Shengkui Hu [US], Dennis Zlotnik [US].

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Phosphorescence Lifetime Measurement of Avobenzone

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Example 4

US11767392B2. Photostable compositions comprising para-alkoxyl phenyl substituted propenoic acid (APP) copolymer derivatives (2023-09-26). HALLSTAR BEAUTY AND PERSONAL CARE INNOVATIONS COMPANY [US]. Inventors: Hui Feng [CN], Shengkui Hu [US], Dennis Zlotnik [US].

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Artificial Artery Characterization System

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3D printed artificial artery system was driven by a computer-controlled actuator (LinMot), the open-circuit voltage of the artificial printed artery system was measured by the low-noise voltage preamplifier (Stanford Research Systems, model SR560).

Li J., Long Y., Yang F., Wei H., Zhang Z., Wang Y., Wang J., Li C., Carlos C., Dong Y., Wu Y., Cai W, & Wang X. (2020). Multifunctional Artificial Artery from Direct 3D Printing with Built-In Ferroelectricity and Tissue-Matching Modulus for Real-Time Sensing and Occlusion Monitoring. Advanced functional materials, 30(39), 2002868.

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Ionic Liquid-Gated FET Sensing Protocol

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Time-series measurements were performed following the schematic in Figure 2a. The signal on the ionic liquid-gate (V_LG) was switched between an arbitrary function generator (HF2LI; Zurich Instruments, Zurich, Switzerland) or a pH microelectrode (MI-4156; Microelectrodes, Bedford, NH). An offset voltage, V_o (GS200; Yokogawa Corporation, Tokyo, Japan), was then added to V_LG using a summing amplifier (SR560; Stanford Research Systems Inc., Sunnyvale, CA). The FET was operated in a constant current mode using a PID controller that varied V_BG in response to changes in I_D. The channel current was first amplified using a current preamplifier (DLPCA-200; FEMTO, Berlin, Germany) with a transimpedance gain of 10⁶ V/A. The amplified voltage was input to a digital PID controller (HF2LI; Zurich Instruments, Zurich, Switzerland), filtered using a 4-pole Bessel low pass filter (LPF) with a bandwidth of 5 kHz and then sampled at 25 kHz using a 14-bit analog to digital converter. The PID controller varied V_BG in response to changes in I_D with a bandwidth of 1 kHz (K_P=496.1, K_I=9.242×10³ s⁻¹ and K_D=8.02 μs). The PID output was used to drive the back-gate voltage (V_BG) between −10 V to +10V.

Le S.T., Guros N.B., Bruce R.C., Cardone A., Amin N.D., Zhang S., Klauda J.B., Pant H.C., Richter C.A, & Balijepalli A. (2019). Quantum Capacitance-Limited MoS2 Biosensors Enable Remote Label-Free Enzyme Measurements. Nanoscale, 11(33), 15622-15632.

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Acoustically Evoked Cochlear Mass Potentials

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Acoustically evoked cochlear mass potentials were recorded using a low-noise differential preamplifier (Stanford Research Systems, SR560), as described in our previous publication [36 (link)]. The signal input was connected to the trans-tympanic needle electrode, the reference input was connected to an earlobe clamp coated with conductive gel, and the ground input was connected to a standard disposable surface electrode placed at the mastoid, also coated with conductive gel. All contacts were made on the side ipsilateral to the recording. The battery-operated preamplifier was galvanically isolated (A-M systems, Analog stimulus isolator Model 2200) from the mains-powered equipment. Before the signal was recorded (TDT, RX8, approximately 100 kHz/channel, maximum SNR 96 dB), stored, and analyzed (The Mathworks, Matlab), the signal was further amplified (DAGAN, BVC-700A) to a total gain of × 100 k and band-pass filtered (30 Hz–30 kHz; cut-off slopes 12 dB/octave). During the sessions, the most relevant signals were visualized on an oscilloscope (LeCroy, WaveSurfer 24Xs) and monitored with a loudspeaker outside the experimental booth.

Verschooten E., Desloovere C, & Joris P.X. (2018). High-resolution frequency tuning but not temporal coding in the human cochlea. PLoS Biology, 16(10), e2005164.

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Magnetostrictive Transducer Design and Characterization

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The meander-type magnetostrictive transducers, which are used in the experiments, consist of a magnetostrictive nickel patch, a meander coil, and multiple permanent magnets. The dimensions of a nickel patch are

9.4 \times 5 {cm}^{2}

with 0.15 mm thickness. Right over the patch, a 4-line meander coil (3 mm for each line width) and multiple neodymium magnets (

3 \times 3 \times 25 {mm}^{3}

) were installed (see Fig. 7a for the overall figure). The nickel patch was tightly bonded onto a plate by double-sided adhesive tape. More details on the meander-type magnetostrictive transducers can be seen in Supplementary J.
A function generator (33250 A, Agilent, Santa Clara, CA) was used to transmit a modulated Gaussian pulse to a transmitting transducer through a power amplifier (AG1017L, T&C Power Conversion, Rochester, NY) for wave excitation. The measured signals by a receiving transducer were transmitted to a pre-amplifier (SR560, Stanford Research Systems, Sunnyvale, CA) and then recorded by an oscilloscope (WaveRunner 104MXi-A, LeCroy, Chestnut Ridge, NY).

Lee H.J., Lee J.R., Moon S.H., Je T.J., Jeon E.C., Kim K, & Kim Y.Y. (2017). Off-centered Double-slit Metamaterial for Elastic Wave Polarization Anomaly. Scientific Reports, 7, 15378.

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