Airyscan super resolution detector

Confocal fluorescence-microscopy to visualize tubulin aggregates, multinucleation, Annexin V-FITC/PI or Alexa Fluor 594 TUNEL-staining in HTLV-1 Tax-expressing cells was performed on a Zeiss LSM800 instrument with an Airyscan super-resolution detector and stage CO₂ incubator (Carl Zeiss Microscopy). All images were taken using either Plan-Apochromat 40x/1.3 or Plan-Apochromat 63x/1.4 oil immersion objectives and Zeiss ZEN system software. The expression of HTLV-1 p30^II-GFP in cotransfected cells was visualized on an inverted Nikon Eclipse TE2000-U microscope and D-Eclipse C1 confocal system (Nikon Instruments, Melville, NY) equipped with 633 nm and 543 nm He/Ne and 488 nm Ar lasers using a Plan Apo 20x/0.75 objective lens.

For acquiring primary neuronal cells images, microscope slides were observed by LSM 880 Zeiss confocal laser microscope equipped with Airyscan super-resolution detector (Carl Zeiss S.p.A.) with the laser set on λ = 405–488–543 nm and z-stack with the height of the sections scanning = 1 μm. Images (512 × 512 pixels) were then reconstructed by Airyscan processing and maximum intensity projection using ZEN Black Imaging Software (Carl Zeiss S.p.A.).