Lichrosolv hypergrade

Manufactured by Merck Group

Sourced in Germany

LiChrosolv®Hypergrade is a high-purity solvent product offered by Merck Group. It is designed to meet the stringent requirements of analytical and laboratory applications. The core function of LiChrosolv®Hypergrade is to provide a reliable and consistent solvent solution for use in various analytical procedures.

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8 protocols using lichrosolv hypergrade

Analytical Methodology for Pharmaceutical Standards

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Methanol, acetonitrile (LiChrosolv^®Hypergrade) were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Isopropanol was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Saint Louis, MO, USA). Formic acid 98%–100% pure (LiChrosolv^®Hypergrade) to acidify the mobile phases and extraction solutions was purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Ultra-pure water was produced using Hydrolab system (Hydrolab, Straszyn, Poland).
All pharmaceutical standards were of high purity (for HPLC analysis). Most of the native standards were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Saint Louis, MO, USA): ampicillin (AMP), caffeine (CAF), carbamazepine (CBZ), ciprofloxacin (CIP), diclofenac (DIC), enrofloxacin (ENR), ibuprofen (IB), metoclopramide (MTC), metoprolol (MET), nimesulide (NIM), paracetamol (PAR), propranolol (PROP), salicylic acid (SA), acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), sulfacetamide (SFC), spectinomycin (SPEC), streptomycin (STREP), sulfacarbamide (SCA), sulfadiazine (SDA), sulfaguanidine (SGA), sulfamerazine (SMA), sulfamethazine (SMZ), sulfamethoxazole (SMX), sulfanilamide (SNA), sulfathiazole (STA), tetracycline (TET) and trimethoprim (TMP).

Wychodnik K., Gałęzowska G., Rogowska J., Potrykus M., Plenis A, & Wolska L. (2020). Poultry Farms as a Potential Source of Environmental Pollution by Pharmaceuticals. Molecules, 25(5), 1031.

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Quantitative Metabolite Analysis Protocol

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Methanol (MeOH; LiChrosolv Hypergrade) and acetonitrile (ACN; LiChrosolv Hypergrade) were purchased from Merck (Germany). Formic acid (FA) of LC/MS grade used to acidify the mobile phases and/or extraction solvent was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Germany). Ultrapure water (hereinafter water) was obtained from an Aqua-MAX-Ultra system (Younglin, Korea).
A list of native standards (NS) (18) and isotopically labeled (9) standards (internal standards; IS) and their producers is given in SM1. Stock solutions of all standards were prepared in methanol at a concentration of 1 mg mL⁻¹ and stored in a freezer (−20 °C) for no longer than 6 months.

Švecová H., Vojs Staňová A., Klement A., Kodešová R, & Grabic R. (2023). LC-HRMS method for study of pharmaceutical uptake in plants: effect of pH under aeroponic condition. Environmental Science and Pollution Research International, 30(42), 96219-96230.

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HPLC Solvent Preparation Protocol

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Methanol (MeOH) HPLC grade was purchased from Fisher Chemical (Fisher Scientific, Loughborough, UK), ethyl acetate (EtOAc) (ExpertQ^®, 99.8%) from Scharlau Basic (a.r. grade, Scharlab S.L., Barcelona, Spain) while acetonitrile (ACN) LC-MS grade (LiChrosolv^® hypergrade) and formic acid (FA) LC-MS grade (LiChropur^®) were purchased from Merck (Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany). The ultrapure water was obtained from a LaboStar apparatus (Evoqua LaboStar^® 4, Evoqua Water Technologies, Pittsburgh, PA, USA).

Tsiokanos E., Cartabia A., Tsafantakis N., Lalaymia I., Termentzi A., Miguel M., Declerck S, & Fokialakis N. (2022). The Metabolic Profile of Anchusa officinalis L. Differs According to Its Associated Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi. Metabolites, 12(7), 573.

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LC-MS Sample Preparation Protocol

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For the purpose of sample preparation and their instrumental analysis, LC/MS grade of acetonitrile and methanol (LiChrosolv—hypergrade) were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Formic acid (Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany) was used to prepare the 0.1% mobile phases used in liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Caffeine (CAS 58-08-2) and isotopically labeled caffeine ¹³C₃ (CAS 78072-66-9) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. Working mixtures of standards were prepared in methanol at a concentration of 100 ng mL⁻¹ and stored at −18 °C. Ultra-pure water was prepared by a Milli-Q Gradient water system (Millipore, Billerica, USA).

Cerveny D., Cisar P., Brodin T., McCallum E.S, & Fick J. (2022). Environmentally relevant concentration of caffeine—effect on activity and circadian rhythm in wild perch. Environmental Science and Pollution Research International, 29(36), 54264-54272.

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Solvents and Reagents for LC-ESI QTOF MS

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Chloroform (for HPLC, >99.8%, amylene-stabilized, Sigma-Aldrich, Saint-Quentin-Fallavier, France), dichlorometane (for HPLC, isocratic grade, stabilized with ethanol, Carlo Erba, France), acetonitrile (LiChrosolv^®, hypergrade for LC-MS, Merck, Darmstadt, Germany), and deionized water (18.2 MΩcm⁻¹, Barnstead™ Smart2Pure™ Water Purification System, Thermo Scientific™, Waltham, MA, USA) were used for sample extraction, dissolution, and preparation of the mobile phases for the LC-ESI QTOF MS analysis. Ammonium formate (puriss. p.a., eluent additive for LC-MS, Fluka, Honeywell International, Inc., Charlotte, NC, USA) and formic acid (eluent additive for LC-MS, Fluka Analytical) were used for the preparation of eluent additives for LC-ESI QTOF MS.

Jadranin M., Savić D., Lupšić E., Podolski-Renić A., Pešić M., Tešević V., Milosavljević S, & Krstić G. (2023). LC-ESI QToF MS Non-Targeted Screening of Latex Extracts of Euphorbia seguieriana ssp. seguieriana Necker and Euphorbia cyparissias and Determination of Their Potential Anticancer Activity. Plants, 12(24), 4181.

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Solid-Phase Extraction for LC-MS Analysis

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HPLC grade methanol (MeOH) was obtained from Fisher Chemical (Fisher Scientific, Loughborough, UK), acetonitrile LC-MS grade (LiChrosolv^® hypergrade) (ACN), and formic acid LC-MS grade (LiChropur^®) (FA) from Merck (Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany) and ethyl acetate (ExpertQ^®, 99.8%) (EtOAc) from Scharlau Basic (a.r. grade, Scharlab S.L., Barcelona, Spain). Ultrapure water was received from LaboStar apparatus (Evoqua LaboStar^® 4, Evoqua Water Technologies, Pittsburgh, USA). Discovery^® DSC-C18 Supelco SPE cartridges of 500 mg bedweight and 6-ml volume were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Taufkirchen, Germany).

Cartabia A., Tsiokanos E., Tsafantakis N., Lalaymia I., Termentzi A., Miguel M., Fokialakis N, & Declerck S. (2021). The Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus Rhizophagus irregularis MUCL 41833 Modulates Metabolites Production of Anchusa officinalis L. Under Semi-Hydroponic Cultivation. Frontiers in Plant Science, 12, 724352.

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Analytical Grade Reagents for LC/MS

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All of the reference standards were classified as analytical grade (>98%) and 2 H 5oxazepam (Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany) was used as internal standard.
LC/MS grade quality of methanol and acetonitrile were purchased (Lichrosolvhypergrade, Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) and the purified water was prepared using a Milli-Q Advantage, including an UV radiation source, ultrapure water system (Millipore, Billerica, USA). Formic acid (Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany) was used to prepare the 0.1% mobile phases.

Fick J., Brodin T., Heynen M., Klaminder J., Jonsson M., Grabicova K., Randak T., Grabic R., Kodes V., Slobodnik J., Sweetman A., Earnshaw M., Barra Caracciolo A., Lettieri T, & Loos R. (2017). Screening of benzodiazepines in thirty European rivers. Chemosphere, 176.

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Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Reagents

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Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS)-grade acetonitrile and methanol (Lichrosolv, Hypergrade) were obtained from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Formic acid (LC/MS grade) was obtained from Fisher Scientific (USA). All other chemicals were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Europe).

Giang P.T., Burkina V., Sakalli S., Schmidt-Posthaus H., Rasmussen M.K., Randak T., Grabic R., Grabicova K., Fedorova G., Koba O., Golovko O., Turek J., Cerveny D., Kolarova J, & Zlabek V. (2019). Effects of Multi-Component Mixtures from Sewage Treatment Plant Effluent on Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) under Fully Realistic Condition. Environmental management, 63(4).

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