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4 protocols using anti smad2 3 3102

1

Protein Expression Analysis in Ovine Cells

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Cells were lysed, fractionated by SDS-PAGE and transferred to 0.45 PVDF membranes as described [13 ]. Blots were probed with goat anti-human CD31 (1:300) (M-20, Santa Cruz Biotechnology), goat anti-human VE-cadherin (1:300) (C-19, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, murine anti-human α-SMA (1:2000) (Sigma, mAb clone 1A4) and anti-tubulin (Sigma). Two different anti-p-ERK antibodies were used. The first was a murine mAb anti-phospho-44/42 MAPK (Erk1/2) (Thr202/Tyr204) and the second was a rabbit polyclonal anti-phospho-p44/42 MAPK (Erk1/2) (Thr202/Tyr204). Total ERK was detected using anti-p44/42 MAPK (ERK) mAb. Anti-phosphorylated-SMAD3 (p-SMAD3) (Ser423/425(clone C25A9) and anti-SMAD2/3 (3102), and all ERK pathway antibodies, were from Cell Signaling Technology. All antibodies were shown to cross-react with their ovine homologs. Band intensities on the western blots were quantified using Image Studio Lite software (LI-COR).
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2

Immunofluorescence and Western Blot Analysis

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Cell culture media, serum, phosphate-buffered saline and trypsin were purchased from Lonza (Verviers, Belgium) and cell culture reagents were from Sigma-Aldrich Chimie (Saint-Quentin Fallavier, France).
Human antibodies for immunofluorescence analysis were purchased as indicated: anti-αSMA (#A5228) from Sigma-Aldrich, anti-CD68 (#EBM11) from Dako (Glostrup, Denmark), anti-MR (#ab8918) from Abcam (Cambridge, United-Kingdom), anti-CD140a (#3174 T) from Cell Signaling (Ozyme, St Quentin en Yvelines, France). Human antibodies for western blot analysis were purchased as indicated: anti-phospho-Smad2 (Ser465/467, #3101) and anti-Smad2/3 (#3102) from Cell Signaling, and anti-β-tubulin from Sigma-Aldrich. Human antibodies against CD56-APC (#341027) and CD140a-PE (#556002) were purchased from BD-Biosciences (Le Pont de Claix, France). Human recombinant IL-4 (#200-04) and IL-1β (#200-01B) were purchased from Peprotech (Neuilly-Sur-Seine, France) and used at 15 ng/ml. SB431542 (#S4317) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Chimie and used at 5 µM. DRAQ5 fluorescent probe (#62254) was purchased from Thermofisher Scientific and used at 20 µM.
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3

Protein Expression Analysis of TGF-β Signaling

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Total protein was extracted from treated cells using RIPA buffer. Equal amounts of cell extracts were fractionated by SDS-PAGE and analyzed by Western blotting and visualized by enhanced chemiluminescence. The following primary antibodies were employed: antipro-COL1A1 (SC-8782, Santa Cruz, Dallas, TX, USA), anti-TGF-β1 (ab92486, Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA), anti-TGF-β receptor I antibody (ab31013, Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA), anti-TGF-β receptor II (ab186838, Abcam, Cambridge, MA USA), antiphospho-Smad2/Smad3 (8828, Cell Signaling, Danvers, MA, USA), anti-Smad2/3 (3102, Cell Signaling, Danvers, MA, USA), anti-CTGF (SC-14939, Santa Cruz, California) and anti-GAPDH antibody (sc-47724, Santa Cruz, Dallas, TX, USA) The quantification of protein bands was carried out using GelPro Analysis Software (Media Cybernetics).
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4

Differentiation of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells

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J1 mESC cell line was purchased from American Type Culture Collection. The anti-VE-cadherin antibody (sc-9989), anti-NANOG (sc-134218), anti-TGFβRI (sc-398, sc-33933), anti-TGFβRII (sc-400, sc-17792), anti-PAR1 (sc-5605), anti-6×His rabbit antibody (sc-803), anti-6×His mouse antibody (sc-8036), and anti-α-actin (sc-32251) antibodies were from Santa Cruz Biotechnology. Anti-VE-cadherin antibody (AF1002), recombinant mouse TGF-β1 (7666-MB-005), and Mouse TER-119 antibody (MAB1125, targets erythrocytes) were from R&D Systems. Alexa Fluor 633 goat anti-rat immunoglobulin G (IgG) (H+L) (A21092, Life Technologies) was used as secondary antibody for detecting TER-119. Collagen IV-coated 6-well plate (354428) and Matrigel were from BD Biosciences. Anti-CD31 antibody (550274) was purchased from BD Biosciences/Pharmingen. Anti-FLK1 antibody (136404) was purchased from Biolegend. Anti-SMAD2/3 (3102), anti-phospho-SMAD2 (3108), and anti-FLK1 (2479) antibodies were from Cell Signaling Technology. The PAR1 agonist peptide (TFLLRNPNDK-NH2) was synthesized and purified at the Research Resource Center at the University of Illinois, Chicago.
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