MC38 (2*105) were incubated with either PBS, 2.5 μg of Activin A (#CYT −146, ProSpec), or 2.5 μg of THBS2 (#1635-T2, R&D Systems) and co-injected in a total volume of 100 μl subcutaneously into Nude mice (Harlan laboratories). 48h later a second dose of 2.5 μg recombinant protein was injected. Tumors were measured by caliper for size and mice were sacrificed at day 15 due to high burden in the Activin A group.
Activin a
Manufactured by ProSpec
Sourced in Israel
Activin A is a protein that belongs to the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) superfamily. It plays a crucial role in various biological processes, such as cell growth, differentiation, and homeostasis. Activin A is commonly used in cell culture and research applications to study its effects on cellular function and development.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Nicotinamide, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Retinoic acid, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
N2 supplement, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions)
Low glucose dmem, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
High glucose dmem, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Wnt3a, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Rpmi 1640, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Fibroblast growth factor 2 (fgf2), by ProSpec (1 mentions)
Noggin, by ProSpec (1 mentions)
Knockout dmem f 12, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Stempro neural supplement, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Dmem f12, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Poly l ornithine, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Activin a, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Knockout serum replacement (ksr), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Glutamax, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Hepatocyte growth factor (hgf), by Sino Biological (1 mentions)
Exendin 4, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Pluronic f68, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Df19 9 7t, by WiCell (1 mentions)
7 protocols using activin a
1
Activin A and THBS2 Effects on Tumor Growth
2
Differentiation of hASC into Islet-like and Glucagon-like Cells
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
hASC were differentiated in vitro to IPC using a two-stage protocol [13 (link), 14 (link)], with discrete modifications. Cells were stimulated for 7 days with DMEM high glucose (25 mM) (Gibco™, Dublin, Ireland. Catalog number 12100046); followed by 14 days with DMEM low glucose (5 mM) (Gibco™, Dublin, Ireland. Catalog number 31600034). Both media were supplemented with 2 nM activin A (Prospecbio, Rehobot, Israel. Catalog number CYT-145), 10 mM nicotinamide (Sigma-Aldrich, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany. Catalog number N0636) and 10 nM glucagon like peptide (GLP-1) (Prospecbio, Catalog number HOR-284). However, we used 2% v/v FBS instead of 10% v/v as a supplement to differentiation medium during all differentiation stages, Fig. 1 a.![]()
Schematic representation of differentiation protocols from hASC to IPC and GPC.
3
Differentiation of Pancreatic Progenitors
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
GPC were obtained by the protocol reported for Rezania et al. [15 (link)] with modifications. The protocol consists of 6 stages: stage 1, incubated for 4 days with RPMI 1640 (Gibco™. Catalog number 31800), bovine serum albumin (BSA) (Sigma-Aldrich, catalog number A9418) 2%, activin A 100 ng/mL (Prospecbio), Wnt3a 20 ng/mL (Sigma-Aldrich. Catalog number H17001), FGF2 8 ng/mL (Prospecbio. Catalog number CYT-085). Stage 2, incubated for 2 days with DMEM-F12 medium with BSA 2%, FGF7 50 ng/mL (Prospecbio. Catalog number CYT-303), Cyclopamine-KAAD 0.25 µM (SCBT, Dallas, Tx, USA. Catalog number sc-200929). Stage 3, incubation for 4 days with DMEM-F12 medium, Cyclopamin-KAAD 0.25 µM, retinoic acid (RA) 2 µM (Sigma-Aldrich. Catalog number R2625), FGF7 50 ng/mL (Prospecbio), Noggin 100 ng/mL (Prospecbio. Catalog number CYT-475). Stage 4, incubation for 3 days with DMEM:F12 medium, Inhibitor II ALK5 1 µM (SCBT. Catalog number sc-221234), Noggin 100 ng/mL, DAPT 1 µM (SCBT. Catalog number sc-201315). Stage 5, incubation for 7 days with DMEM/F12 medium, inhibitor II ALK5 1 µM. Stage 6, incubation for 7 days with DMEM F12 medium. However, we used 2% v/v FBS instead of 1% B27 as a supplement to differentiation medium during stages 3 to 6, Fig. 1 b.
4
Neuron and Astrocyte Differentiation from NSCs
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
For neuron differentiation, NSCs were plated on poly-L-ornithine (Sigma-Aldrich)/laminin-coated 4-well plates (1×104 cells/well) in neuron differentiation medium [DMEM/F12: neural basal medium (Gibco, MA, USA), 50:50 with 1×N2 supplement, 1×B27 supplement, and 300 ng/ml of cyclic AMP] for 5 weeks. Astrocyte differentiation was performed in 3 steps. The medium for step 1 was KnockOut DMEM/F12 (Invitrogen) with StemPro Neural Supplement (Invitrogen), 10 ng/ml Activin A (Prospec), 10 ng/ml Heregulin 1β (Prospec), and 200 ng/ml insulin-like growth factor I (Prospec), and was changed daily for 2 weeks. The medium for step 2 was NSC expansion medium with 10 ng/ml bone morphogenetic protein 4 (Prospec) and 8 ng/ml FGF2 for 2 weeks. For step 3 (maturation), the cells were cultured in maturation medium (XCell Science Inc., CA, USA) for 3 weeks.
5
Directed Differentiation of hESCs into RPE
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
hESCs were dissociated as cell clumps and plated on 1% ESC qualified-Matrigel for 1 h. Attached aggregates of cells were covered with 2% ESC qualified-Matrigel diluted in N2B27 medium consisting of DMEM/F-12 supplemented with 0.1 mmol/L non-essential amino acids, 1 mmol/L GlutaMAX, 1% N2 supplement (Invitrogen) and 2% B27 (Invitrogen). After overnight incubation, fresh medium without Matrigel was added and changed every other day.
For RA plus SHH treatment, Retinoic acid (RA) (500 nmol/L, Sigma) was supplemented into N2B27 medium from day 7, then gradually reduced to 200 nmol/L by day 10. From day 11 to day 14, medium was changed into N2B27 medium supplemented with Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) (25 nmol/L, Prospec). Later, medium was changed into basic RPE medium consisting of DMEM/F-12 supplemented with 0.1 mmol/L non-essential amino acids, 1 mmol/L GlutaMAX, 1% N2 supplement and 5% Knockout Serum Replacement.
For Activin A treatment, the medium was changed to DMEM supplemented with 0.1 mmol/L non-essential amino acids, 1 mmol/L GlutaMAX, 20% Knockout Serum Replacement (Invitrogen), and Activin A (100 nmol/L, Prospec) from day 10 to day 20. Later medium was changed into the basic RPE medium as described above.
For RA plus SHH treatment, Retinoic acid (RA) (500 nmol/L, Sigma) was supplemented into N2B27 medium from day 7, then gradually reduced to 200 nmol/L by day 10. From day 11 to day 14, medium was changed into N2B27 medium supplemented with Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) (25 nmol/L, Prospec). Later, medium was changed into basic RPE medium consisting of DMEM/F-12 supplemented with 0.1 mmol/L non-essential amino acids, 1 mmol/L GlutaMAX, 1% N2 supplement and 5% Knockout Serum Replacement.
For Activin A treatment, the medium was changed to DMEM supplemented with 0.1 mmol/L non-essential amino acids, 1 mmol/L GlutaMAX, 20% Knockout Serum Replacement (Invitrogen), and Activin A (100 nmol/L, Prospec) from day 10 to day 20. Later medium was changed into the basic RPE medium as described above.
6
Optimizing PILC Differentiation from pADSCs
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
A one-step procedure for PILC differentiation was modified from a previous study [36 (link)]. Briefly, pADSCs were seeded (6 x 104/cm2) onto chitosan-coated or regular (or TCPS, tissue culture polystyrene, Corning, NY, USA) plates for one day and the medium was replaced with differentiation medium consisting of serum-free DMEM/F12 in the presence of 10 mM nicotinamide (Sigma N0636), 1 μM exendin-4 (Sigma E7144), 2 nM activin A (ProSpec, Ness Ziona, Israel), 10 nM pentastrin, 123 pM hepatocyte growth factor (Sino Biological Inc., Beijing, China), 1% B27, N2 supplement (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA) and 17.5 mM glucose. Plates were cultured in air containing 5% CO2 for three days. Unless otherwise indicated, reagents were from Sigma-Aldrich. After three days, the glucose concentration was changed to 5.5 mM for the rest of differentiation period of 15 days with medium changed every three days.
7
Differentiation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells into Vascular Endothelial Cells
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
Human iPS cell line DF19-9-7T (WiCell)8 (link); human ES cell line TW1 (Bioresource Collection and Research Center, Taiwan); human ES cell line Ch8 (National Engineering Research Center of Human Stem Cells, China); Activin A (Prospecbio); CHIR-99021 and Y-27632 (SelleckChem); mouse VEGF-A (Prospecbio); human VEGF-A (Prospecbio); VEGF-E (Prospecbio); VEGF-B (Prospecbio); basic FGF (ACROBiosystems); insulin from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Sigma); transferrin from Oryza sativa (Invitria); anti-human PECAM1 (eBioscience); anti-human KDR and anti-human PDGFRA (BD Bioscience); Matrigel matrix (BD Bioscience); poly(vinyl alcohol) (Sigma 360627); Pluronic F-68 (Sigma); bovine albumin fraction V (Invitrogen).
About PubCompare
Our mission is to provide scientists with the largest repository of trustworthy protocols and intelligent analytical tools, thereby offering them extensive information to design robust protocols aimed at minimizing the risk of failures.
We believe that the most crucial aspect is to grant scientists access to a wide range of reliable sources and new useful tools that surpass human capabilities.
However, we trust in allowing scientists to determine how to construct their own protocols based on this information, as they are the experts in their field.
Ready to get started?
Sign up for free.
Registration takes 20 seconds.
Available from any computer
No download required
Revolutionizing how scientists
search and build protocols!