The chemical urine sample analyses were conducted at the Fudan University of Public Health laboratory. The phthalates in the urine were analyzed via liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry–tandem mass spectrometry (American Agilent company) with ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a tandem mass spectrometer and Quattro Premier XE following enzymatic deconjugation.20 (link)
Standards: MMP, MBP, MEHP, MNzP (chromatographically pure, Dr. Ehrenstorfer, Germany), MCHP, MEOHP, MiBP, MOP, MiNP (chromatographically pure, Toronto Research Chemicals, Canada), MEP (chromatographically pure, AccuStandard, USA), MECPP (chromatographically pure, Cambridge Isotope Laboratories, Inc., USA), internal standard (chromatographically pure, Cambridge Isotope Laboratories, Inc., USA), and β-glucuronidase (>99.99%, Merck Millipore, Germany). Other reagents are HPLC grade or pesticide residue grade.