Cells were seeded in cRPMI in
white-walled 96-well plates (Promega, Madison, WI, USA) at a density of 15,000 cells/well. At 24 h post seeding, medium was removed to waste, and cells were treated with 100 µL of metformin (10 mM) or vehicle control (H
2O) diluted in cRPMI and incubated at 37°C in 5% CO
2/95% humidified air. After 24 h treatment, media was removed to waste and GSH/GSSG levels measured using the
GSH/GSSG-Glo™ luminescent assay (Promega), according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Luminescence was measured at 1 s integration time using the
Explorer Luminometer (Promega). An identical plate of cells was set up and treated as with the experimental plate and was used for normalisation of assay results by crystal violet assay.
Buckley C.E., O’Brien R.M., Nugent T.S., Donlon N.E., O’Connell F., Reynolds J.V., Hafeez A., O’Ríordáin D.S., Hannon R.A., Neary P., Kalbassi R., Mehigan B.J., McCormick P.H., Dunne C., Kelly M.E., Larkin J.O., O’Sullivan J, & Lynam-Lennon N. (2023). Metformin is a metabolic modulator and radiosensitiser in rectal cancer. Frontiers in Oncology, 13, 1216911.