5 bromo 4 chloro 3 indolyl β d galactopyranoside x gal

Polysulfone (MW 7500 Da, Udel^® P-3500 LCD) was obtained from Solvay, Brussels, Belgium. Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP, MW 58,000 Da) and N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc, 99.8%) were purchased from Alfa Aesar, Ward Hill, MA, USA. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA, polymerization degree = 2000) and sodium alginate were purchased from Wako, Osaka, Japan and Junsei, Tokyo, Japan, respectively. Luria-Bertani (LB) media (broth and agar) were obtained from Difco, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA. N-Octanoyl-L-homoserine lactone (C8-HSL), N-(3-oxododecanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone (3-oxo-C12-HSL), Tris-HCl buffer (1 M, pH 7.00), and two antibiotics (tetracycline and spectinomycin) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA. Calcium chloride, boric acid, and sodium sulfate were obtained from Daejung, Siheung-si, Korea. To detect the beta-galactosidase activity, 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl β-D-galactopyranoside (X-gal, GoldBio, St Louis, MO, USA) was used as the substrate. The beta-glo reagent for luminescence cell bioassay was purchased from Promega, Madison, WI, USA. Syto 9 (Molecular Probes, Eugene, OR, USA) and Concanavalin A (Con A, Invitrogen, Waltham, MA, USA) fluorescent dyes were used for the respective staining of BH4 cells and polysaccharides. All other chemicals used were of analytical grade.