Caco 2

Human fibrosarcoma (HT1080), cervical cancer (Hela), colorectal cancer (Caco-2), and human lung cancer cell lines (A549) were purchased from American Type Culture Collection (ECACC, Salisbury, UK). Cervical cancer cells (Hela) and fibrosarcoma cells (HT-1080) were maintained in a RPMI medium supplemented with 10% foetal bovine serum (FBS) and were expanded at 37 °C and 5% CO₂. Caco-2 and A549 cells were grown in Dulbecco’s modified eagle medium (DMEM)-high glucose (biowest, Riverside, MO, USA) enriched with (10% v/v) (foetal bovine serum) FBS (biowest, Riverside, MO, USA) and antibiotics (100 U/mL penicillin, 100 μg mL streptomycin) (Lonza, Basel, Switzerland). Cells were maintained at 37 °C in an incubator with 5% CO₂ atmosphere. Part of the experiments were carried out in CERRMA (Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and its Applications), Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University.

Colorectal cancer cell lines CaCo2, HCT116 and SW480 were acquired from ATCC (Manassas, VA, USA). All cells are adherent with epithelial morphology. CaCo2 cells were cultured in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) (Biowest, Nuaillé, France) supplemented with 20% fetal bovine serum (FBS) (GE Healthcare-Hyclone, Chicago, IL, USA); HCT116 cells were cultured in McCoy’s 5A (Biowest, Nuaillé, France) supplemented with 10% FBS and SW480 cells in L-15 medium (ATCC) with 10% FBS. A mixture of antibiotics including 100 U/mL penicillin and 100 μg/mL streptomycin (Lonza, Basel, Switzerland) was added to all cell cultures. Cells were incubated at 37 °C and 5% CO₂ in a humidified incubator (HeraCell, Heraeus, Hanau, Germany).