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16 protocols using glutamine glutamate glo assay kit

1

Intracellular Glutamine/Glutamate Quantification

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The concentration of intracellular glutamine and glutamate was measured in cell lysates using the glutamine/glutamate-Glo Assay kit (Promega J8021) following producer’s instructions. Luminescence was measured using an iD5 Plate Reader.
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2

Metabolic Profile of Activated T Cells

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Complete RPMI and TCM were diluted in PBS (250-fold dilution for glucose, 50-fold dilution for glutamine and 100-fold dilution for lactate assay) and glucose, glutamine and lactate levels were measured by Glucose-Glo Assay kit (Promega), Glutamine/Glutamate-Glo Assay kit (Promega), and Lactate- Glo Assay kit (Promega), respectively. For differential glucose uptake study following activation, T cells were washed twice in glucose-free media following incubation in the same media for 30 minutes and then incubated for 45 minutes in RPMI-1640 media containing 10 mmol/L glucose. After 45 minutes of culture, cells were pelleted down and media were used to assess unconsumed glucose left out in the media. All assays were performed according to the manufacturer's protocol. Luminescence was measured in the Varioskan LUX Multimode reader (Thermo Fischer Scientific).
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3

Comprehensive Cellular Bioenergetics Profiling

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Oxygen consumption rates (OCR) and extracellular acidification rates (ECAR) were
measured using XF Cell Mito Stress Test kit (Seahorse Bioscience) on a Seahorse
XF96 bioenergetic analyzer. MDA-MB-231, HeLa and SiHa cells were pre-incubated
for 24 h in assay medium. Experiments were performed following
manufacturer's instructions. The concentration of glucose and lactate was
measured in cell supernatant using specific enzymatic reactions with a CMA600
analyzer (CMA microdialysis) following producer’s instruction. ATP levels
were measured using the CellTiter-Glo Luminescent Cell Viability assay from
Promega following manufacturer’s instructions on cells that were grown
for 24 h in assay medium containing or not L-glutamine (2 mM),
dimethyl-L-glutamate (2 mM) or dimethyl-2-oxoglutarate (2
mM). All the above metabolic measurements were normalized for total protein
content analyzed at the end of the experiment using the Bio-Rad Protein assay or
the Pierce BCA Protein assay kit (Thermo scientific). The concentration of
intracellular glutamine and glutamate was measured in cell lysate using the
glutamine/glutamate-Glo Assay kit (courtesy of Promega) following
producer’s instruction. Luminescence was measured using a SpectraMax
miniMax 300 imaging cytometer, and data were normalized for cell number.
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4

Glutamine, Glutamate, and ATP Analysis

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To determine the glutamine and glutamate level in cells, we used Glutamine/Glutamate-Glo assay kit (Promega). Extracts from 20,000 cells were used for each wells. For ATP assay, we used CellTiter-Glo 2.0 cell viability assay kit (Promega). 10,000 cells were seeded onto white 96-well plate and equilibrated at room temperature for 30 min 100 μL of detection reagent were added and incubated for 10 min. Luciferase signals from both assays were measured by Synergy LX multi-mode microplate reader (BioTek).
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5

Quantitative Glutamine and Glutamate Analysis

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The glutamine consumption and glutamate secretion of transfected cells were analyzed using the glutamine/glutamate-Glo assay kit (Promega Corporation). The transfected cells were seeded into a 96-well plate at a density of 5000 cells/well in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium containing 5 mM glucose, 2 mM glutamine, and 10% fetal bovine serum. The 2-μL aliquots of the medium were removed and diluted in 98 μL of phosphate-buffered saline. Subsequently, 2 × 12.5-μL aliquots were transferred to a 96-well assay plate. Next, 12.5 μL of GLS buffer or GLS enzyme solution was added, and the cells were incubated for 30 min at room temperature. Thereafter, 25 μL of glutamate detection reagent was added, and after 60 min of incubation at room temperature, luminescence was measured using a luminometer (Varioskan Flash, Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA).
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6

Kinetics of Glutamine Utilization in M. tuberculosis-Infected Macrophages

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Culture supernatants from M. tuberculosis-infected BMDMs at 0, 4, 8, 16, 24, and 48 hpi were collected by filtering with 0.2 μM microcolumn by centrifugation. Glutamine in culture supernatant was determined using the glutamine/glutamate-glo assay kit (Promega, Madison, WI) and used for calculating the kinetics of glutamine uptake/utilization, following the manufacturer’s instructions.
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7

Measuring Cellular Glutamine Uptake

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Glutamine level in the culture media was measured using Glutamine/Glutamate-Glo™ Assay kit (Promega) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. In brief, 0.2 million/mL of cells incubated with fresh complete medium were plated onto 96-well plate. Aliquot of fresh complete medium was saved for measurement of glutamine level at the starting time point (T0). After 24 h, the supernatant was collected (T24). 25 μl of the supernatant at T0 or T24 was mixed with 25 μl of glutaminase, followed by the addition of 50 μl of Glutamate Detection Reagent in a 96-well white plate. Glutamate concentrations were measured in the presence or absence of glutaminase Enzyme solution. The glutamine concentration was calculated by total glutamate subtracting the glutamate in the absence of Glutaminase Enzyme solution, and glutamine uptake was calculated by subtracting glutamine concentration at T24 from that at T0.
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8

Metabolite Profiling in Cells

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Metabolite levels per cells were measured by using the Lactate-Glo assay kit (Promega), Glutamine/Glutamate-Glo assay kit (Promega), GSH/GSSG-Glo assay kit (Promega), and luminescent ATP detection assay kit (Abcam) according to the manufacturers’ instructions.
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9

Metabolic Profiling of Activated T Cells

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Complete RPMI and TCM were diluted in PBS (250-fold dilution for glucose, 50-fold dilution for glutamine and 100-fold dilution for lactate assay) and glucose, glutamine and lactate levels were measured by Glucose-Glo Assay kit (Promega), Glutamine/Glutamate-Glo Assay kit (Promega) and Lactate- Glo Assay kit (Promega) respectively. For differential glucose uptake study following activation, T cells were washed twice in glucose-free media following incubation in the same media for 30 mins and then incubated for 45 minutes in RPMI-1640 media containing 10 mM glucose. After 45 minutes of culture, cells were pelleted down and media was used to assess unconsumed glucose left out in the media. All assays were performed according to the manufacturer’s protocol. Luminescence was measured in the Varioskan LUX Multimode reader (Thermo Fischer Scientific, USA).
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10

Glutamine-Glutamate Quantification Protocol

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The Glutamine/Glutamate-Glo Assay kit (J8022; Promega, Madison, WI) was used to measure glutamine and glutamate levels according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
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