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Iκbα 44d4

Manufactured by Cell Signaling Technology
Sourced in United States

IκBα (44D4) is a monoclonal antibody that recognizes the inhibitor of NF-κB alpha (IκBα) protein. IκBα is a key regulator of the NF-κB signaling pathway, which plays a crucial role in immune response, inflammation, and cell survival.

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4 protocols using iκbα 44d4

1

Multiparameter Flow Cytometry of Immune Cells

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The following fluorochrome-labeled antibodies (Abs) specific to mouse markers and their corresponding isotype controls were purchased from eBioscience (San Diego, CA): PE-conjugated anti-IL-22 (1H8PWSR), APC-conjugated anti-IL-17A (eBio17B7), FITC- or APC-conjugated anti-IFN-γ (XMG1.2), APC-conjugated anti-TCRγδ (eBioGL3), PE-Cy7-conjugated anti-CD3 (17A2), Pacific Blue-conjugated anti-CD4 (GK1.5), PerCp-Cy5.5-conjugated anti-CD8 (53–6.7), FITC- or APC-conjugated anti-NK1.1 (PK136), FITC- or PerCp-Cy5.5-conjugated anti-CD11b (M1/70), FITC-conjugated anti-CD11c (N418), APC-conjugated anti-Gr-1 (clone: RB6-8C5), APC-conjugated anti-RORγt (B2D), Cell proliferation dye eFluor 670 and eFluor 506-conjugated fixable viability dye. Purified anti-CD16/32 (2.4G2) was purchased from BD Pharmingen (San Diego, CA). APC-Cy7-conjugated anti-CD3 (17A2) and Pacific Blue-conjugated anti-CD8 (53–6.7) were purchased from Biolegend (San Diego, CA). Recombinant murine IL-23, IL-22 and GM-CSF were from Peprotech (Rocky Hill, NJ). The all-trans RA was from Enzo Life Sciences (Farmingdale, NY). The Rapamycin, Ly294003, Wortmannin and rabbit mAb β-actin (D6A8), Phospho-p44/42 MAPK (Erk1/2), p44/42 MAPK (Erk1/2), Phospho-IκBα (Ser32) and IκBα (44D4)) were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Beverly, MA). Anti-S100A4 Ab (ab27957) was from Abcam (Cambridge, MA).
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2

Protein Expression Analysis in Aortic and Cardiac Tissue

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The thoracic aorta and heart were homogenized and lysed, and proteins (25 μg) were separated on 10% SDS-PAGE. Blots were probed with the following antibodies: phosphorylated-AKT (p-AKT) (rabbit anti-rat AKT, phosphorylated (Ser473)), AKT (AKT-pan (C67E7)), phosphorylated endothelial nitric oxide synthase (p-eNOS) (rabbit anti-rat eNOS, phosphorylated (Ser1177)), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) (rabbit anti-rat eNOS), phosphorylated NF-κB (Phospho-NF-κB p65 (Ser536) (93H1)) and IκBα ((44D4)), all from Cell Signaling Technology, Saint Quentin Yvelines, France; anti-iNOS (Abcam, Paris, France) and β-actin (13E5) (Cell Signaling Technology, Saint Quentin Yvelines, France). Proteins were transferred onto nitrocellulose membranes after which bound antibodies were detected with a secondary peroxidase-conjugated anti-rabbit IgG (Promega, Madison, WI, USA). The blots were visualized using an enhanced chemiluminescence system (ECL Plus; Amersham, GE Healthcare Europe, Velizy-Villacoublay, France).
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3

Kinase Inhibition for Cell Signaling

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For stimulation and long-term incubation experiments, TNF from Sigma Aldrich was used. To suppress protein degradation in cell lysates, the complete ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid-free protease inhibitor cocktail (Roche, Rotkreuz, Switzerland) was applied. Inhibitor experiments were performed using the kinase inhibitor Staurosporine (Stauro) and the GSK3α/β inhibitor Kenpaullone (Ken; Sigma Aldrich). For Western blotting, antibodies specific for PKCβ (D3E70), p-PKCα/βII (Thr638/641), GSK3β (27C10), p-GSK3α/β (Ser21/9), p65 (L8F6), p-p65 (Ser536), IKKα, p-IKKα/β (Ser176/180), IκBα (44D4; Cell Signalling, Danvers, USA), B cell lymphoma (Bcl) 3 (150–3.5; Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, USA), actin, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH; Sigma-Aldrich) were used. Horseradish peroxidase-coupled secondary antibodies were purchased from Cell Signalling or Santa Cruz. All media and reagents were of the best available grade and routinely tested for endotoxins with the Limulus Amoebocyte Lysate assay (Lonza, Basel, Switzerland).
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4

Evaluating Anti-Inflammatory Agents

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TSA and SAHA were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) and fetal bovine serum were purchased from Gibco-BRL, Life Technologies (Carlsbad, CA, USA). Malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric monoxide (NO), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) detection kits were purchased from Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute (Nanjing, China). Fluorescent-labeled anti-GR1 and anti-CD3ε MAb were purchased from BD Biosciences (San Jose, CA, USA). Human and mouse interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and IL-8/or KC enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits were purchased from Shanghai ExCell Biology Inc., (Shanghai, China) or eBioscience (San Diego, CA, USA). The antibodies against IκBα (44D4), total Stat3 (D3Z2G), phospho-Stat3 (Tyr705; D3A7), cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2; D5H5), ERK (137F5), phospho-ERK (D13.14.4E), JNK, phospho-JNK (81E11), p-38 (D13E1), phospho-p-38 (D3F9), HDAC2 (3F3), acetyl-histone H3 (Ac-H3; C5B11), and GAPDH were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology, Inc. (Beverly, MA, USA).
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